Photosynthesis Chapter 8

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What is the primary function of stomata in leaves?

To synthesize carbohydrates

To facilitate gas exchange (correct)

To allow water to enter the leaf

To regulate temperature

What is the role of chlorophyll in photosynthesis?

To synthesize oxygen

To capture light energy (correct)

To reduce CO2

To oxidize water

What is the region within the chloroplast where carbon dioxide is first attached to an organic compound and then reduced to a carbohydrate?

Inner membrane system

Stroma (correct)

Granum

Thylakoid

What is the term for the regions on the surface of the Earth and in the atmosphere where living organisms exist?

Biosphere Signup and view all the answers

What is the type of reaction that occurs in the absence of light?

Dark reaction Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the energized electrons in the light reaction?

To capture energy and produce ATP and NADPH Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of NADP+ accepting electrons in the light reaction?

It becomes NADPH Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for organisms that make their own organic molecules from inorganic sources?

Autotroph Signup and view all the answers

In which stage of photosynthesis is CO2 taken up and reduced to a carbohydrate?

Calvin cycle reaction Signup and view all the answers

What is the equation for photosynthesis?

CO2 + H2O + light energy → C6H12O6 + O2 + H2O Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of pigments in thylakoid membranes?

To absorb solar energy Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of the cyclic photophosphorylation process?

Production of ATP only Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of shorter wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation?

They have more energy Signup and view all the answers

Why do leaves appear green?

They reflect green wavelengths Signup and view all the answers

What happens to an electron after it absorbs energy from light?

It releases energy as heat and light Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of carotenoids in photosynthesis?

They absorb violet-blue-green wavelengths Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of an electron being boosted to a higher energy level?

It is transferred to another molecule Signup and view all the answers

What determines the wavelength of light that a pigment absorbs?

The amount of energy needed to boost an electron to a higher orbital Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the electron transport chain in photosynthesis?

To pump H+ into the lumen Signup and view all the answers

What is the byproduct of the light reaction that is used in the Calvin cycle?

NADPH Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between cyclic and noncyclic electron flow?

Cyclic electron flow produces only ATP, while noncyclic electron flow produces ATP and NADPH Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of plastocyanin in the light reaction?

It replaces the electrons in P680+ Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of the high-energy electron transfer from PSII to PSI?

The formation of NADPH Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the H+ electrochemical gradient in ATP synthesis?

To drive the synthesis of ATP Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the wavelengths of light that are absorbed by different pigments in a plant?

Absorption spectrum Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the light-harvesting complex in Photosystem II?

To transfer energy to the reaction center Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the oxidation of water in Photosystem II?

Yielding of oxygen gas Signup and view all the answers

Where is the electron transport system chain located in Photosystem II?

In the thylakoid membrane Signup and view all the answers

What is the energy state of P680 after it absorbs a photon?

Relatively unstable Signup and view all the answers

Where do the electrons accepted by the primary electron acceptor in PSII eventually end up?

In the pigment molecule in the reaction center of PSI Signup and view all the answers