Photosynthesis: Carbon Reactions Calvin Cycle
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Questions and Answers

Which phase of the Calvin cycle involves the formation of two molecules of 3-phosphoglycerate?

  • Carboxylation (correct)
  • Regeneration
  • Dark reactions
  • Reduction

What is the main purpose of the dark reactions in photosynthesis?

  • Produce NADPH
  • Produce molecular oxygen
  • Reduce CO2 to carbohydrate (correct)
  • Generate ATP

Which enzyme catalyzes the carboxylation of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate in the Calvin cycle?

  • Cytochrome c oxidase
  • ATP synthase
  • Rubisco (correct)
  • NADPH reductase

What is the primary factor that directly regulates the stroma reactions in photosynthesis?

<p>Light (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many stages are involved in the Calvin cycle?

<p>Three stages (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What proportion of triose phosphate is typically used for sucrose or starch production in the Calvin cycle?

<p>One-sixth (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason why the forward reaction of the carboxylation of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate is strongly favored?

<p>Low concentration of CO2 in photosynthetic cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What enzyme represents up to 40% of the total soluble protein in most leaves?

<p>Rubisco (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What regulates the Calvin cycle through light-dependent enzyme activation?

<p>Ribulose-5-phosphate kinase (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factor determines the balance between the Calvin cycle and the C2 oxidative photosynthetic carbon cycle?

<p>The concentrations of the substrates CO2 and O2 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is calculated to be about 4 mM within the chloroplast stroma?

<p>Concentration of rubisco active sites (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the concentration of CO2 in a solution in equilibrium with air as the temperature increases?

<p>Decreases more than O2 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the concentration ratio of CO2 to O2 change as the temperature rises?

<p>Decreases (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect does increasing temperatures have on photorespiration and photosynthesis?

<p>Increases relative to photosynthesis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the impact of rubisco's kinetic properties at higher temperatures?

<p>Enhances relative increase in oxygenation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it difficult to measure the rate of photorespiration in intact cells?

<p>Because it is concurrent with photosynthesis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How much carbon entering the C2 oxidative photosynthetic carbon cycle is theoretically released as CO2?

<p>One-fourth (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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