Photosynthesis: Calvin Cycle

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What is the primary source of energy and reducing power for regenerating ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate?

Carbon fixation cycle

Starch breakdown in chloroplast stroma

ATP and NADPH produced by photosynthetic light reactions (correct)

Light-dependent reactions

What is the product of the carbon fixation cycle that is used as the starting material for the synthesis of other sugars and organic molecules?

3-Phosphoglycerate

Glyceraldehyde 2-phosphate

Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (correct)

Ribulose 1,4-bisphosphate

What is the fate of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate during periods of excess photosynthetic activity?

It is transported out of the chloroplast

It is retained in the chloroplast stroma and converted to starch (correct)

It is used to synthesize ATP

It is converted to fat in the stroma

What is the role of ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate in the carbon fixation cycle?

It is regenerated at the end of each cycle Signup and view all the answers

What is the product of the light-dependent reactions that is used to regenerate ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate?

NADPH and ATP Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of one turn of the carbon fixation cycle?

Six molecules of 3-phosphoglycerate are converted to three molecules of ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate plus one molecule of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the Calvin Cycle in photosynthesis?

To fix carbon dioxide into glucose Signup and view all the answers

Where do the light-dependent reactions occur in the chloroplast?

In the thylakoid membrane Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the ATP and NADPH produced by photosynthetic electron-transfer reactions?

To drive the energetically unfavorable reaction of carbon fixation Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of RuBP in the Calvin Cycle?

To serve as the starting molecule for the Calvin Cycle Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of Rubisco in the carbon fixation reaction?

To catalyze the conversion of CO2 into organic carbon Signup and view all the answers

What is produced during the light-dependent reactions and used in the Calvin Cycle?

ATP and NADPH Signup and view all the answers

What is the five-carbon compound that combines with CO2 and water to form 3-phosphoglycerate?

Ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate Signup and view all the answers

What is the byproduct of the overall process of photosynthesis?

Oxygen and glucose Signup and view all the answers

What is the byproduct of the carbon fixation reaction that is used to replenish ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate?

3-phosphoglycerate Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the spent ATP from the Calvin Cycle?

It is reused to make more ATP in the light reactions Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the enzyme that catalyzes the carboxylation reaction in the chloroplast stroma?

Rubisco Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the carbon fixation reaction in the chloroplast stroma?

The conversion of CO2 into organic carbon Signup and view all the answers