Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration Quiz

The addition of a phosphate group to a molecule, often associated with energy transfer.

Adenosine diphosphate; a crucial molecule in energy transfer, formed when ATP releases energy.

Adenosine triphosphate; the energy currency of cells, used in various cellular processes.

The removal of a phosphate group from a molecule; often releases energy.

The breakdown of complex molecules into simpler ones, often releasing energy.

The building of complex molecules from simpler ones; often requires energy.

A reaction that releases energy.

A reaction that absorbs energy to proceed.

A chemical reaction that breaks down bonds using water.

A plant cell organelle that carries out photosynthesis (energy conversion).

Substances that absorb light of certain wavelengths; often related to color.

A technique to separate components in a mixture based on their properties.

A set of metabolic reactions that create energy (ATP) in the presence of oxygen, occurring within a cell.

Adenosine triphosphate; the main energy currency of cells.

A series of biochemical reactions in photosynthesis that uses ATP and NADPH to convert CO2 into sugars.

Incorporating inorganic carbon dioxide (CO2) into an organic molecule.

Stage of the Calvin cycle where electrons are transferred, forming a sugar.

In the Calvin Cycle , creates more RuBP to continue the cycle.

Process that produces energy without oxygen.

Plant pigments responsible for the yellow, orange, and red colors of fruits and vegetables.

A plant pigment that gives plants their green color. It absorbs blue and red light, reflecting green.

A disc-shaped organelle in plant and algal cells where photosynthesis occurs.

A type of carotenoid that gives fruits and vegetables yellow or orange color.

Plant pigments responsible for the red, purple, and blue colors in fruits and vegetables.

The process by which plants use light energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into food (sugars).

Electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths between 380-750 nm, perceived by the human eye.

An aggregate of pigments and proteins in the thylakoid membrane that absorbs light energy and transfers electrons.

Light wavelengths not absorbed by a pigment are reflected, determining its perceived color.

Collection of pigments and proteins that absorb light energy and transfer it to the reaction center.

A complex containing chlorophyll a molecules and primary electron acceptors, where light energy is used to initiate electron transfer.

Photosynthetic protein complex that uses light energy to transfer electrons in a non-cyclic or cyclic pathway; absorbs light around 700 nm wavelength.

Photosynthetic protein complex that uses light energy to transfer electrons in a non-cyclic pathway; absorbs light around 680 nm wavelength.

Stage of photosynthesis where light energy is used to split water, generate ATP, and reduce NADP+ to NADPH.

Stage of photosynthesis that doesn't need light; uses ATP and NADPH to convert CO2 into glucose.

Electron flow in photosynthesis where electrons are recycled and used to generate more ATP.

Movement of ions across a membrane, down their electrochemical gradient, used in ATP synthesis.

Enzyme that produces ATP using the energy from the movement of H+ ions.

Process used by plants and other autotrophs to produce energy in the form of glucose from sunlight, water, and CO2.

Enzyme that produces the electron carrier NADPH during photosynthesis.

The process of breaking down glucose to produce ATP, the energy currency of cells.

The first stage of cellular respiration, breaking down glucose into pyruvic acid.

A cycle that produces energy-carrying molecules (NADH, FADH2) from pyruvic acid.

A series of protein complexes that use electrons from NADH and FADH2 to generate ATP.

A process that produces ATP without oxygen, creating lactic acid or ethanol.

A coenzyme that carries electrons to the ETC, crucial for ATP production.

A coenzyme that also carries electrons to the ETC, assisting in ATP production.

Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells use cellular respiration for energy.

Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm of a cell.

The Krebs Cycle occurs in the mitochondrial matrix.

Electrons are passed along the chain to generate ATP in a process that happens in the inner mitochondrial membrane.