Phlebotomy Essentials Chapter 2 Quiz & Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What is assault?

An act or threat causing another to be in fear of immediate battery.

What is battery?

Intentional harmful or offensive touching or use of force on a person without consent or legal justification.

What is breach of confidentiality?

Failure to keep privileged medical information private.

What are civil actions?

Legal actions in which the alleged injured party sues for monetary damages. Signup and view all the answers

What does CMS stand for?

Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services. Signup and view all the answers

What are competencies in phlebotomy?

Educational standards for phlebotomy programs. Signup and view all the answers

Who is the defendant in a lawsuit?

A person against whom the complaint is filed. Signup and view all the answers

What is a delta check?

Comparison of current results of a lab test with previous results for the same test on the same patient. Signup and view all the answers

What is a deposition?

A process in which one party questions another under oath while a court reporter records every word. Signup and view all the answers

What is discovery in legal terms?

Formal process in litigation that involves taking depositions and interrogating parties involved. Signup and view all the answers

What is due care?

The level of care that a person of ordinary intelligence and good sense would exercise under the given circumstances. Signup and view all the answers

What is fraud?

Deceitful practice or false portrayal of facts by either words or conduct. Signup and view all the answers

What are Good Laboratory Practices (GLP)?

Standards to follow for maintaining quality and consistency in laboratory processes. Signup and view all the answers

What is informed consent?

Voluntary and competent permission for a medical procedure, test, or medication. Signup and view all the answers

What is invasion of privacy?

Violation of one's right to be left alone. Signup and view all the answers

What is malpractice?

A type of negligence committed by a professional. Signup and view all the answers

What is negligence?

Failure to exercise due care. Signup and view all the answers

Who is the plaintiff?

The injured party in the litigation process. Signup and view all the answers

What does QA stand for?

Quality Assurance. Signup and view all the answers

What does QC stand for?

Quality Control. Signup and view all the answers

What does QI stand for?

Quality Improvement. Signup and view all the answers

What does QSE stand for?

Quality System Essentials. Signup and view all the answers

What are quality indicators?

Guides used as monitors of all areas of patient care. Signup and view all the answers

What does respondeat superior mean?

Latin phrase meaning 'Let the master respond'. Signup and view all the answers

What is the standard of care?

The normal level of skill and care that a healthcare practitioner would be expected to practice. Signup and view all the answers

What is the statute of limitations?

A law setting a length of time after an alleged injury in which the injured person is permitted to file a lawsuit. Signup and view all the answers

What are threshold values?

The level of acceptable practice beyond which quality patient care cannot be assured. Signup and view all the answers

What is a tort?

A wrongful act, other than breach of contract, committed against one's person, property, reputation, or other legally protected right. Signup and view all the answers

What is vicarious liability?

Liability imposed by law on one person for acts committed by another. Signup and view all the answers

What does JCAHO stand for?

Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations. Signup and view all the answers

What does CAP stand for?

College of American Pathologists. Signup and view all the answers

What does ASCP stand for?

American Society for Clinical Pathology. Signup and view all the answers

What is CLIA '88?

Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments of 1988. Signup and view all the answers

What is CLSI?

Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Signup and view all the answers

What are the three categories (types) of labs?

Certificate of Waiver (COW Lab), Moderate complexity, High complexity. Signup and view all the answers

What is NAACLS?

National Accrediting Agency for Clinical Laboratory Sciences. Signup and view all the answers

What is a sentinel event?

Signals the need for immediate investigation and response. Signup and view all the answers

What is the pre-analytical phase of lab testing?

Patient prep, collection procedures, specimen handling. Signup and view all the answers

What is the analytical phase of lab testing?

During the test, falls under laboratory technician. Signup and view all the answers

What is the post-analytical phase of lab testing?

Most often is a clerical error in recording or reporting of results. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a specimen collection manual?

Details how to prep the patient and collect a high-quality sample. Signup and view all the answers

What are specimen collection procedures?

Identification of patient, equipment, labeling, technique, collection priorities, delta checks. Signup and view all the answers

What is a medical record/chart?

Chronological documentation of patient care. Signup and view all the answers

What is a procedure manual?

Explains all policies and procedures that apply to all lab tests. Signup and view all the answers

What is a safety manual?

Explains guidelines for safety, chemical, electrical, fire, and radiation procedures. Signup and view all the answers

What is an infection control manual?

Guidelines for precautions to take to avoid contamination or exposure. Signup and view all the answers

What is risk?

Chance of loss or injury. Signup and view all the answers

What is risk management?

Internal process focused on identifying and minimizing risk. Signup and view all the answers

What does res ipsa loquitur mean?

'The thing speaks for itself'. Signup and view all the answers

What are the four dates when the statute of limitations can start?

Day act committed, when injury was discovered, day of last medical treatment, when an injured minor reaches age of majority. Signup and view all the answers

What is expressed consent?

Consent required for high-risk procedures, surgeries, and experimental drugs, usually in writing. Signup and view all the answers

What is implied consent?

Patient's actions imply consent, such as extending an arm for a draw. Signup and view all the answers

What is HIV consent?

Informed consent with information about test purpose, use, meaning, and limitations. Signup and view all the answers

What is consent for minors?

Under the age of majority as specified by that state; violation constitutes a liability of assault and battery. Signup and view all the answers

What is refusal of consent?

Patient has the right to refuse anything; it must be noted in chart. Signup and view all the answers

What are the four phases of litigation?

When alleged incident occurs, consult an attorney, trial phase, appeal. Signup and view all the answers

What are equipment check forms?

Forms used to record equipment checks on tube additives, vacuum strength, and expiration dates. Signup and view all the answers

What are some internal reports?

Examples include near miss/occurrence reports and incident reports. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Legal Terms in Healthcare

Assault: An act or threat causing fear of immediate battery.
Battery: Intentional harmful or offensive touching without consent.
Breach of Confidentiality: Failure to keep privileged medical information private.
Civil Actions: Legal claims where an injured party seeks monetary damages.
Defendant: Individual against whom a lawsuit is filed.
Plaintiff: The injured party in litigation.

Quality Assurance and Improvement

QA (Quality Assurance): Ensures quality patient care via outcome tracking.
QC (Quality Control): Systematic checks to maintain consistency in care.
QI (Quality Improvement): Self-review processes to enhance system quality.
Quality Indicators: Measurable guides used to monitor patient care effectiveness.

Laboratory Regulations and Standards

Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS): Governs laboratory standards and payments.
Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments of 1988 (CLIA '88): Establishes quality standards for laboratories.
College of American Pathologists (CAP): Laboratory-focused accrediting body.
American Society for Clinical Pathology (ASCP): Professional organization associated with CAP.
Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO): Oldest healthcare standards-setting body.

Phlebotomy Competencies and Consents

Competencies: Standards required for phlebotomy education programs.
Informed Consent: Voluntary permission for medical procedures or tests.
Expressed Consent: Written consent for high-risk medical procedures.
Implied Consent: Non-verbal consent inferred through actions.

Risk Management and Legal Liability

Malpractice: Negligence by a professional leading to patient harm.
Negligence: Failure to exercise due care in patient treatment.
Vicarious Liability: Employers are responsible for employees' actions within their job scope.
Respondeat Superior: Employers must answer for employees' damages during practice.

Phases of Laboratory Testing

Pre-analytical Phase: Involves patient preparation, collection procedures, and specimen handling.
Analytical Phase: Conducted by laboratory technicians during testing.
Post-analytical Phase: Often errors in recording or reporting results.

Documentation and Manuals

Medical Record/Chart: Chronological documentation of patient care, serves as a legal record.
Specimen Collection Manual: Guidelines for patient prep and sample collection.
Procedure Manual: Details policies and procedures for all lab tests.
Safety Manual: Contains safety guidelines for chemicals, fire, and electrical issues.
Infection Control Manual: Offers precautions to avoid contamination.

Risk Factors and Legal Framework

Risk: Possibility of loss or injury in the healthcare setting.
Statute of Limitations: Time frame for filing lawsuits after an injury occurs.
Sentinel Event: Early warning signals needing immediate investigation.
Fraud: Deceitful practices or misrepresentation of facts.

Internal Reports and Checks

Equipment Check Forms: Record checks on lab equipment for maintenance and verification.
Internal Reports: Document errors and corrective actions to improve performance.
Delta Check: Comparison of current lab results with previous ones for consistency monitoring.

Regulations and Standards Summary

Threshold Values: Acceptable practice levels beyond which quality care is compromised.
Tort: Wrongful acts against personal rights or property.
Good Laboratory Practices (GLP): Adherence to guidelines to ensure quality results and patient safety.

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Description

Test your knowledge on QA & legal issues in phlebotomy with this flashcard quiz. Key terms such as assault, battery, and breach of confidentiality are covered, providing a solid foundation for understanding legal responsibilities. Perfect for students and professionals in the healthcare field.

Phlebotomy Essentials Chapter 2

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