Questions and Answers
Which of the following is designed to reduce the risk of transmission of microorganisms from both recognized and unrecognized sources of infection in health care facilities?
Which of the following organizations oversees the investigation and control of various diseases, especially those that are communicable?
Which of the following is an agency of the U.S. Department of Labor that requires employers to provide measures that will protect workers exposed to biological hazards?
If an accident such as a needlestick occurs, the injured health care worker should immediately:
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About how many patients acquire a nosocomial infection annually?
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Which of the following is a commonly identified pathogenic agent that affects the skin?
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Which of the following would require contact precautions?
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Which of the following would require airborne precautions?
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Which of the following is a commonly identified causative agent of nosocomial infections in the nursery unit?
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Reverse isolation is commonly used for patients who have:
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Which of the following is a commonly identified pathogenic microorganism that causes health care-associated skin infections?
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Antiseptics for skin include:
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Which of the following chemicals should be used to disinfect tourniquets and items contaminated with blood?
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The HICPAC transmission-based precautions include:
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Which of the following chemical compounds is an antiseptic for skin?
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Which of the following is the proper sequence for removal of isolation apparel after blood collection in an isolation room?
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In the 'chain of infection,' the reservoir is:
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In health care facilities, which of the following is a typical fomite?
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Which of the following is the most important procedure in the prevention of disease transmission in health care institutions?
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In the process of preparing to enter a patient's isolation room, which of the following would occur first?
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Which of the following is a factor that increases a host's susceptibility in the chain of infection?
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Which of the following is a vector in transmitting infectious diseases?
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Babies whose mothers have which of the following problems must be isolated from other infants?
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A health care-acquired infection occurs when:
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Disinfectants are:
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MRSA represents methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
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A major factor that affects a host's susceptibility in the chain of infection is age.
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A flu vaccination is an example of a fomite.
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Infection control programs aim to link the infection chain.
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A mite is an example of a vector.
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Diphtheria requires droplet precautions.
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Measles requires airborne precautions.
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A respirator is an example of PPE.
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OSHA requires health care workers to wear gloves when working with blood specimens.
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Removing the gloves is the final step in the complete procedure for removal of isolation PPE.
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________ precautions are used for scabies infections.
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A patient with an active TB infection is placed in a hospital room with ________ air pressure.
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Droplet precautions are used for large-particle droplets, which are larger than ________ microns, from an infected person.
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The ________ of transmission for the pathogen to pass directly from the source to the host is part of the chain of infection.
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For the chain of infection to occur, a ________ must be present.
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________ infections occur when the chain of infection is complete.
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A doorknob is considered a ________ in health care facilities since it can harbor infectious agents and transmit infections.
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Standard precautions have been designed through the ________ to decrease the risk of transmission of microorganisms.
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________ precautions reduce the spread of infections from agents such as rubeola.
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Chemical compounds that are used to remove or kill pathogenic microorganisms are called ________.
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Study Notes
Infection Control and Safety
- Standard Precautions: Implemented to minimize infection transmission risks from both recognized and unrecognized sources in healthcare settings.
- CDC: The primary organization overseeing the investigation and control of communicable diseases in the U.S.
- OSHA: U.S. Department of Labor agency ensuring worker protection against biological hazards.
- Needlestick Protocol: Injured healthcare workers should contact their supervisor immediately after an accident and cleanse the area.
Nosocomial Infections
- Annual statistics indicate that approximately 1.75 to 3 million patients acquire nosocomial infections in the U.S.
- Common Pathogens: Escherichia coli is frequently identified as a causative agent in nursery units.
Isolation Procedures
- Reverse Isolation: Typically utilized for patients with immunodeficiency disorders to protect them from infections.
- Contact Precautions: Required for infections like scabies to prevent transmission.
- Airborne Precautions: Necessary for diseases such as measles and require specific room conditions, like negative air pressure.
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
- Correct sequence for PPE disposal after isolation: gloves, gown, mask.
- A respirator is classified as personal protective equipment necessary for certain airborne infections.
- Handwashing remains the most effective method for preventing disease transmission in healthcare settings.
Infection Chain Components
- Reservoir: Refers to a patient carrying the pathogen in the infection chain.
- Fomite: Inanimate objects, such as laboratory coats or doorknobs, that can harbor and transmit infectious agents.
- Pathogen: An infectious agent that needs to be present for nosocomial infections to occur.
Chemical Disinfectants and Antiseptics
- Disinfectants include chemicals like quaternary ammonium compounds, which kill pathogenic microorganisms.
- Antiseptics for skin care include iodine; they are essential for preparing areas for clinical procedures.
Specific Pathogens and Conditions
- Herpes Virus: Commonly identified pathogen affecting skin.
- MRSA: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; a significant hospital-acquired pathogen.
- Droplet Precautions: Used for conditions like diphtheria, with large-particle droplets larger than 5 microns.
Additional Key Concepts
- Infection control programs aim to break the chain of infection.
- Certain conditions, such as age and drug use, can increase a host's susceptibility to infections.
- A mite is an example of a vector that transmits infectious diseases.
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Description
Test your knowledge with this quiz covering key concepts from Chapter 4 of your Phlebotomy textbook. Learn about infection control, standard precautions, and the organizations involved in disease oversight. Perfect for students preparing for assessments in the field of healthcare.
