Philosophy of the Human Person Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is one of the main goals of Philosophy of the Human Person?

To find one's true self in connection to the world, others, and God (correct)

To ignore self-reflection and focus on external factors

To discourage the search for personal identity

To avoid deep and thought-provoking questions

What important concept did Mark Twain emphasize regarding personal discovery?

The day you find out why you were born is irrelevant to self-discovery

The day you find out why you were born is more important than your birth

The day you die defines your existence more than the day you were born

The day you are born and the day you find out why are crucial (correct)

What did Socrates believe about the unexamined life?

It is not worth living (correct)

It leads to a fulfilled life

It has no impact on one's well-being

It is superior to a life of self-reflection

How did Socrates approach questioning, as mentioned in the text?

He used the 'Socratic method' Signup and view all the answers

What was Socrates' response when accused of impiety and moral corruption?

He chose to end his life by taking hemlock Signup and view all the answers

What did Thomas Aquinas refer to as 'scientiarum rectrix et regulatrix'?

Philosophy Signup and view all the answers

Where can one find Socrates' thoughts since he left no writings?

In Plato's dialogues and Xenophon's Memorabilia Signup and view all the answers

According to Aristotle, which branch of philosophy is considered the first philosophy?

Ontology Signup and view all the answers

What does Metaphysics study according to the information provided?

Ultimate causes and principles Signup and view all the answers

What is the meaning of 'Meta' in 'Metaphysics' as explained?

Before Signup and view all the answers

Which philosopher stated that 'Logos is the reason or underlying principle of all that is'?

Heraclitus Signup and view all the answers

What are some of the basic questions in Ontology as mentioned in the text?

Why do things exist rather than not exist at all? Signup and view all the answers

What is the study of the world or universe including its origin, dynamics, and characteristics?

Cosmology Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to the science of correct thinking and the study of the principles of a valid argument?

Logic Signup and view all the answers

What is the justification of the goodness of God in the face of the existence of evil called?

Theodicy Signup and view all the answers

In Epistemology, what is the study of the nature and scope of knowledge and justified belief?

Episteme Signup and view all the answers

What are the basic questions addressed in Theodicy?

What and who is God if he exists at all? How do we prove the existence of God? Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to the study of the structures and limits of knowledge as well as how knowledge is acquired?

Epistemology Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of Ethics?

Defining a right conduct and good life Signup and view all the answers

In philosophy, what is 'knowledge' defined as?

A conscious act involving a thinking subject and an object external to it Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference set by in the mind or intellect?

Intentional union between the intellect and reality Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by 'intentional union' in philosophy?

Mind's intentional possession of objects Signup and view all the answers

How is knowledge typically described in philosophy?

Union of a thinking subject with an object Signup and view all the answers

What does Ethics aim to determine?

Defining a right conduct for humans Signup and view all the answers

What is the etymological meaning of the term Philosophy?

The love of wisdom Signup and view all the answers

What does Philosophy emphasize more than right answers?

Asking the right questions Signup and view all the answers

What is the material object of Philosophy referred to as?

Being Signup and view all the answers

What is the formal object of Philosophy?

Being as being Signup and view all the answers

What does Philosophy seek in terms of everything?

Essence or nature Signup and view all the answers

Which degree of abstraction applies to Metaphysics or Philosophy?

Third degree Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the result of abstraction in a Philosophical sense?

An idea or concept in the mind Signup and view all the answers

What is the meaning of Abstraction etymologically?

'To draw from' Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Philosophy of the Human Person Goals

Main goal is to explore and understand the essence and nature of human existence.

Mark Twain on Personal Discovery

Emphasized the importance of self-exploration and personal revelation in understanding one’s true nature.

Socratic Beliefs

Socrates claimed that "an unexamined life is not worth living," advocating for self-reflection.

Socratic Method

Employed a method of questioning to stimulate critical thinking and illuminate ideas, known as the Socratic method.

Accusations Against Socrates

Responded to charges of impiety and moral corruption by defending his pursuit of virtue and truth through questioning.

Thomas Aquinas on Knowledge

Refers to knowledge as 'scientiarum rectrix et regulatrix,' identifying it as the guiding and regulating science.

Sources of Socratic Thought

Socratic views can be found in the works of his students, primarily Plato, since Socrates left no written records.

First Philosophy According to Aristotle

Aristotle identified metaphysics as the first philosophy, focusing on existence and reality.

Study of Metaphysics

Metaphysics investigates the fundamental nature of reality, including concepts such as existence, objects, and their properties.

Meaning of 'Meta'

'Meta' translates to 'beyond' or 'after,' indicating a philosophy that goes beyond the physical to consider existence itself.

Philosophical Principle of Logos

Heraclitus articulated that 'Logos is the reason or underlying principle of all that is,' emphasizing rationality in the cosmos.

Basic Questions in Ontology

Ontological inquiries include questions about what it means to exist and what kinds of entities populate reality.

Cosmology

Refers to the study of the universe’s nature, origin, dynamics, and characteristics, encompassing various scientific and philosophical explorations.

Logic

Logic is defined as the science of correct thinking and the principles that govern valid argumentation.

Theodicy

The justification of God's goodness despite the existence of evil, examining moral and philosophical questions around suffering.

Epistemology

Studies the nature and scope of knowledge and what constitutes justified belief and truth.

Basic Questions in Theodicy

Addresses inquiries about the reasons for evil and suffering in a world governed by a benevolent deity.

Study of Knowledge

The study of knowledge structures and limits, including how knowledge is acquired, falls under Epistemology.

Focus of Ethics

Dedicated to determining what constitutes right and wrong conduct, as well as moral values.

Definition of Knowledge in Philosophy

Knowledge is typically defined as justified true belief, involving claims verifiable by evidence.

Distinction in the Mind

Set by the mind or intellect refers to the cognitive ability to differentiate concepts and distinguish between ideas.

Intentional Union in Philosophy

Refers to the mental act of directing thoughts towards an object or idea, emphasizing the relationship between mind and phenomenon.

Description of Knowledge

Knowledge is often described in philosophy as a justified belief that is true and understood.

Goals of Ethics

Ethics aims to establish standards for behavior and assess moral conduct concerning human actions and decisions.

Etymology of Philosophy

The term originates from the Greek "philosophia," meaning "love of wisdom."

Philosophy’s Emphasis

Philosophy emphasizes the process of inquiry and critical thinking over merely arriving at correct answers.

Material Object of Philosophy

Refers to the subject matter or phenomena under examination within philosophical discourse.

Formal Object of Philosophy

Denotes the foundational principles that characterize the study of philosophy itself.

Philosophical Inquiry Goals

Seeks to understand the fundamental truths and principles governing all areas of existence and knowledge.

Degrees of Abstraction in Philosophy

A high degree of abstraction applies to metaphysics, where philosophical concepts are distilled from concrete realities.

Result of Abstraction

Characterizes the intellectual activity of simplifying complex ideas to their essential components.

Etymology of Abstraction

Derived from the Latin 'abstractio,' meaning 'to draw away,' signifying the process of isolating ideas from their contexts.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the Philosophy of the Human Person with this quiz. Explore topics such as the origin of philosophy, branches of philosophy, and the journey inward to find the 'I' within oneself.