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Questions and Answers
What is the core assumption of progressivism in education?
What is the core assumption of progressivism in education?
Which teaching method is not typically associated with progressivism?
Which teaching method is not typically associated with progressivism?
How does essentialism view the curriculum?
How does essentialism view the curriculum?
In progressivism, the role of teachers primarily involves acting as what?
In progressivism, the role of teachers primarily involves acting as what?
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Which of the following is an educational aim of essentialism?
Which of the following is an educational aim of essentialism?
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Which skill is emphasized in the curricular structure of essentialism?
Which skill is emphasized in the curricular structure of essentialism?
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What is a key aspect of effective education according to progressivism?
What is a key aspect of effective education according to progressivism?
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What character traits are emphasized in essentialism?
What character traits are emphasized in essentialism?
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What does the term 'philosophy' derive from?
What does the term 'philosophy' derive from?
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What fundamental area does metaphysics explore?
What fundamental area does metaphysics explore?
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Which question pertains to the nature of reality?
Which question pertains to the nature of reality?
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Which area of philosophy focuses on the theory of knowledge?
Which area of philosophy focuses on the theory of knowledge?
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What are the two divisions of axiology?
What are the two divisions of axiology?
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What does logic study in the context of philosophy?
What does logic study in the context of philosophy?
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Who were the first philosophers referred to as Milesians or Ionians?
Who were the first philosophers referred to as Milesians or Ionians?
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Which question relates to the processes and characteristics of knowledge?
Which question relates to the processes and characteristics of knowledge?
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What do realism advocates believe about values?
What do realism advocates believe about values?
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Which of the following describes the primary qualities of experience according to realism?
Which of the following describes the primary qualities of experience according to realism?
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What is the role of teachers in realism?
What is the role of teachers in realism?
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What is the primary educational aim in existentialism?
What is the primary educational aim in existentialism?
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Which of the following is NOT one of the four principal needs that education aims to meet in realism?
Which of the following is NOT one of the four principal needs that education aims to meet in realism?
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In the context of existentialist education, which teaching method is emphasized?
In the context of existentialist education, which teaching method is emphasized?
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What is a key characteristic of the role of schools according to the philosophy of experimentalism?
What is a key characteristic of the role of schools according to the philosophy of experimentalism?
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In realism, what is emphasized in the educational process?
In realism, what is emphasized in the educational process?
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What is the first step in the scientific method outlined in realism's teaching methods?
What is the first step in the scientific method outlined in realism's teaching methods?
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What do existentialists believe about the nature of truth?
What do existentialists believe about the nature of truth?
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Which of the following best describes the role of teachers in a nature-based education approach?
Which of the following best describes the role of teachers in a nature-based education approach?
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How does realism view the mind of a child at birth?
How does realism view the mind of a child at birth?
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Which of the following best represents the curricular emphasis in realism?
Which of the following best represents the curricular emphasis in realism?
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Which subject areas are emphasized in the curricular emphasis of nature-based education?
Which subject areas are emphasized in the curricular emphasis of nature-based education?
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What is a critical component of character development in existentialist education?
What is a critical component of character development in existentialist education?
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What approach to learning do experimentalists advocate for?
What approach to learning do experimentalists advocate for?
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What is the primary focus of pragmatism in education?
What is the primary focus of pragmatism in education?
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Which of the following best describes the concept of experimentalism?
Which of the following best describes the concept of experimentalism?
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What is one of the educational aims of pragmatism?
What is one of the educational aims of pragmatism?
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Which of the following methods is NOT associated with pragmatist teaching strategies?
Which of the following methods is NOT associated with pragmatist teaching strategies?
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How does pragmatism view the world according to its assumptions?
How does pragmatism view the world according to its assumptions?
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In the context of character development, what do pragmatists emphasize?
In the context of character development, what do pragmatists emphasize?
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What role do teachers play in a pragmatist educational environment?
What role do teachers play in a pragmatist educational environment?
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What curricular emphasis is highlighted in pragmatism?
What curricular emphasis is highlighted in pragmatism?
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What is the primary focus of the Perennialism educational philosophy?
What is the primary focus of the Perennialism educational philosophy?
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Which of the following best describes the curricular emphasis in Perennialism?
Which of the following best describes the curricular emphasis in Perennialism?
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What role do teachers play in the Perennialism educational philosophy?
What role do teachers play in the Perennialism educational philosophy?
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What is the assumption underlying Progressivism in education?
What is the assumption underlying Progressivism in education?
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Which subject is NOT emphasized in the Perennialism curriculum?
Which subject is NOT emphasized in the Perennialism curriculum?
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What is a key teaching method used in Perennialism?
What is a key teaching method used in Perennialism?
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What is the ultimate aim of education according to Perennialism?
What is the ultimate aim of education according to Perennialism?
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In Progressivism, what is a primary outcome expected of students?
In Progressivism, what is a primary outcome expected of students?
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Study Notes
Philosophy of Education
- Philosophy of education is a system of beliefs about education, using philosophical concepts and methods to achieve a good life.
- Four basic questions are used to develop assumptions:
- What is there to know? (nature of reality)
- How do we know? (processes and characteristics of knowledge)
- Who or what is most worthwhile? (values, ethics, aesthetics, religion)
- What is the nature of man and culture? (human behavior, sociology, anthropology)
- Philosophy comes from Greek words "philo" (love) and "sophia" (wisdom).
- History of Philosophy originated in Miletus, highlighting the leisure and inquisitiveness of the people.
Nature of Realism
- Values depend on the experiences of sentient beings.
- Investigation and reasoning are essential for understanding the real world.
- Primary qualities of experience exist in the physical world.
- The mind functions like a mirror reflecting physical images.
- A child's mind is initially like a blank slate, receiving impressions.
- Nature is the primary, self-evident reality in philosophizing.
- Consciousness is awareness of experience, not a substance.
Education Aims
- To guide and develop individual potential.
- To determine the direction of individual tendencies.
- To fulfill four individual needs (aptitude, self-determination, self-realization, self-integration)
- To create good individuals and a good society.
Teaching Methods
- Scientific Methods: problem definition --> observation --> hypothesis/testing
- Methods of Disciplining the mind through reading/discussion - Pupil centered
- Opportunity to practice democratic ideals
- Focus on factual and mastery of information.
Character Development
- Training in rules of conduct.
- Developing the intellect of learners.
- Preparing learners for life.
Curriculum Emphasis
- Combination of subject matter and problem-solving.
- Acquisition of desirable habits (study, research, library skills, evaluation, critical thinking)
- Application of principles
- Effective use of words
- Subject Areas: natural science, social science, arts
Pragmatism/Experimentalism
- Focus on the process of knowledge and its relationship to action.
- Reflecting on the consequences of ideas.
- Change is constant, and reality is defined through experience.
- Truth is what works, based on current experiences.
- Goodness stems from collective decisions.
- Schools explore and expand the society, emphasizing social experiences/problem-solving.
Perennialism
- Focuses on unchanging principles, emphasizing rationality.
- Aims for a lasting/universal education, teaching everlasting truths.
- Emphasis is on reason, knowledge and skills essential for individuals.
- Perennialist education cultivates human rationality.
Essentialism
- Believes in timeless, relevant subjects (e.g., English, Math, Foreign languages).
- Focuses on essential skills (e.g., the 3R's, hard sciences).
- Promotes discipline, hard work, and respect for authority.
- Emphasizes the value of experience.
- Prepares students for real life and situations.
Existentialism
- Emphasizes individual experience and personal freedom.
- The individual shapes their own being through choices.
- Reality is subjective, depending on individual experiences, where goodness, truth, and reality are uniquely defined.
Reconstructionism
- Belief that societies need constant reconstruction.
- Schools aid in social change and using education for societal change.
- Focuses on controversial issues, political and educational issues and challenges in society and values.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the philosophies of education, including progressivism and essentialism. Explore key concepts, teaching methods, and the role of teachers within these frameworks. This quiz is designed for educators and students interested in educational philosophy.
