Questions and Answers
Who was the first head of the Department of Philosophy and Psychology at the University of the Philippines?
Which tradition of psychology in the Philippines focuses primarily on indigenous concepts and methodologies?
In what year did Psychology become separated from the College of Liberal Arts at the University of the Philippines?
Who founded Experimental Psychology at the University of Santo Tomas in 1938?
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Which Filipino psychologist is known for his paper on the Indolence and Motivation of Filipinos?
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What type of psychology tradition combines native healing techniques with indigenous religious explanations?
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Who was identified as the first Filipino social psychologist?
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Which university is known for having priest-professors who contributed to the Academic Philosophic Psychology tradition?
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Who was the first female Chair of the Psychology Department?
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Which test did Dr.Annadaisy Carlota develop?
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Which method of research is designed to observe existing relationships among variables?
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What is the purpose of an interview in research psychology?
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Who authored the book 'Sikolohiyang Filipino'?
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Which of the following methods uses written questions to gather data?
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In which area has Elizabeth Ventura extensively worked?
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What is the main goal of research psychology?
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Who is considered the Father of Modern Psychology?
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Which philosopher believed that 'an unexamined life is not worth living'?
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What concept did John Locke advocate regarding the human mind?
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Which philosopher contributed to social contract theory?
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Which philosopher's work is associated with Reflex Theory?
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What did David Hume assert regarding the foundation of the sciences?
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What philosophical school did Plato found?
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Which philosopher is known for developing and defending utilitarianism?
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What does Human Engineering primarily focus on?
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Which statement is a potential benefit of studying psychology?
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What is the primary focus of psychometrics?
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Which of the following is NOT an outcome of learning psychology?
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The study of psychology can lead to improved relationships with whom?
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What does the emergence of psychology as a science aim to achieve?
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What is one method used in psychology to better understand behavior?
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Psychology helps in the appreciation of what kind of differences?
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What principle suggests that individuals can act freely as long as they do not harm others?
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Who is recognized as the Father of Psychology?
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Which year marks the official birth of psychology as a scientific discipline?
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What significant book did William James publish in 1890?
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Who was the first female president of the American Psychological Association?
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Which psychologist established the first true American psychology laboratory?
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Which psychologist was the first to apply psychological principles to industry and law?
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What was the focus of Edward Lee Thorndike's pioneering research?
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Study Notes
Philosophical Foundations of Psychology
- Aristotle emphasized using logic to infer mental processes and observe behaviors.
- Socrates believed in self-knowledge, stating “an unexamined life is not worth living”.
- Plato (428 B.C.– 347 B.C.) authored the "Republic" and founded the Academy, influencing Western philosophy significantly.
Key Philosophers Contributing to Modern Psychology
- Rene Descartes (1596-1650): French philosopher, Father of Modern Psychology; proposed automatic reactions and founded Reflex Theory.
- John Locke (1632-1704): First empiricist; introduced the idea of mind as a "blank slate" (tabula rasa), asserting no innate ideas are present at birth.
- David Hume (1711-1776): Scottish philosopher and economist; introduced naturalistic philosophy and emphasized experience and observation as the basis for knowledge.
- John Stuart Mill (1806-1876): Developed utilitarianism and the "harm principle", asserting actions are judged by consequences, not intentions.
Birth of Modern Psychology
- Psychology's official birth is attributed to 1879 at the University of Leipzig, Germany, by Wilhelm Wundt, who established the first laboratory for mind study.
- Wundt is known as the Father of Psychology; his lab attracted prominent scientists, including:
- James McKeen Cattell: Studied individual differences via mental tests.
- Emile Kraepelin: Developed the first classification system for mental disorders.
- Hugo Munsterberg: Pioneered psychology's application in industry and law.
Consolidation of Psychology in the U.S.
- William James published "Principles of Psychology" in 1890, influencing psychological research and theory.
- G. Stanley Hall founded the first American psychology lab at Johns Hopkins University and established the American Psychological Association (APA).
- Mary Whiton Calkins developed memory study techniques and was elected the first female president of the APA.
- Edward Lee Thorndike conducted animal learning experiments, contributing to educational psychology.
Development of Psychology in the Philippines
- Psychology began in the Philippines in 1910 at the University of the Philippines under Dr. Henry S. Townsend, covering various psychological topics.
- Daniel Salazar identified four traditions in Philippine psychology:
- Academic Scientific Psychology: Emphasizes Western academic psychology.
- Academic Philosophic Psychology: Focuses on rational psychology, started by priest-professors at the University of Santo Tomas.
- Ethnic Psychology: Based on indigenous concepts and methodologies.
- Psycho-Medical Religious Psychology: Combines native healing with indigenous religious context.
Notable Filipino Psychologists
- Dr. Jose Rizal: First Filipino social psychologist focused on Filipino indolence and motivation.
- Dr. Jesus Perpinan: Earned a Ph.D. in Psychology in 1933.
- Dr. Angel Blas: Founded Experimental Psychology in 1938 at the University of Santo Tomas.
- Dr. Estefania Aldaba-Lim: Initiated the psychology program at Philippine Women’s University.
- Dr. Alfredo Lagmay: Specialized in experimental psychology and natural sciences.
- Elizabeth Ventura: First female Chair of the Psychology Department, known for psychological testing.
- Dr. Annadaisy Carlota: Developed the Panukat ng Pagkataong Pilipino (PPP), an indigenous personality test.
- Dr. Lynna Marie Sycip: Known for well-being assessment and aptitude test development.
Research Methods in Psychology
- Observational Research: Involves measuring variables without influencing them.
- Self-Report: Participants provide personal insights on their thoughts and feelings.
- Survey Questionnaires: Written questions targeting specific topics for individual or group responses.
- Interviews: Face-to-face dialogues gathering verbal responses on psychological concepts.
- Psychometrics: Focuses on developing valid psychological assessments for various traits.
Significance of Psychology
- Enhances individual self-awareness and confidence.
- Improves study skills and understanding of human behavior.
- Fosters happiness and personal satisfaction.
- Provides methodologies to observe and predict behaviors.
Summary of Psychology as a Discipline
- Psychology integrates aspects of humanities and sciences.
- Encourages self-awareness and understanding of individual differences.
- Offers practical applications in personal and professional relationships.
- Explores psychological concepts foundational to human behavior understanding and societal improvement.
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Description
Explore the key philosophical influences that shaped modern psychology, from Aristotle's logic to Socrates' emphasis on self-knowledge. Discover how philosophers like Descartes, Locke, Hume, and Mill contributed foundational ideas that continue to inform psychological thought today.
