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Philosophical Concepts: Determinism and Operant Conditioning

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Philosophical Concepts: Determinism and Operant Conditioning

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Questions and Answers

What is the central concept of heart determinism?

There is no such thing as determinism

Events can happen randomly without any predetermined causes

Events can happen because of predetermined causes, but free will still exists

Every event is determined by predetermined causes (correct)

In operant conditioning, when a dog is given a treat for going potty on a P pad, it is an example of:

Observational learning

Positive reinforcement (correct)

Punishment

Negative reinforcement

According to Skinner's beyond freedom and dignity, what does he state about freewill?

Freewill does not exist at all

Freewill is absolute and not influenced by external factors

Freewill is shaped solely by genetic predispositions

Freewill is a myth influenced by environmental factors and consequences (correct)

What concept does the idea of panopticism refer to?

A circular prison with a central watchtower where inmates are under constant observation Signup and view all the answers

What is soft determinism's stance on free will?

Free will exists within predetermined causes Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what is the concept of ontological first cause?

The idea that everything has a reason for existing and the chain of reasons must begin with the first reason Signup and view all the answers

What did Pascal's wager propose?

It's practical to believe in God even if one is not sure of God's existence Signup and view all the answers

What is cultural hegemony according to Antonio Gramsci?

The way a dominant group in society maintains its power by shaping what people believe and value Signup and view all the answers

How did David Hume view aesthetics?

He believed that beauty does not exist inside objects but rather comes from our perception Signup and view all the answers

What is existentialism according to the text?

The idea that life's meaning is something we create for ourselves through our choices and actions Signup and view all the answers