Philippine Qualification Framework and Grammar Insights

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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of Filipino folk narratives?

Natural phenomena.

What is the relationship between the teaching process and the test?

Washback.

Positive washback refers to unexpected results.

False (B)

What is the name of the newspaper?

<p>Masthead.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What kind of information is found in the bylines?

<p>Popularity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Newman's 6th sense?

<p>Nose for news.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Choose the best way to organize sentences in a paragraph.

<p>Basic understanding of English (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name one of the key ideas emphasized in the 'Total direct approach'?

<p>Focus on oral skills.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the idea behind the 'total physical response' method?

<p>Aural and kinesthetic skills.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key idea behind the 'grammar translation method'?

<p>Deep examination.</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what kind of learning environment do learners thrive according to the 'Suggestopedia' method?

<p>Relaxed and interested (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the 'Affective Filter Hypothesis' focus on?

<p>The motivational aspect in learning.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which element of language acquisition is addressed by the 'Natural order' hypothesis?

<p>Grammatical structure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the idea behind the 'Input hypothesis'?

<p>Language is acquired best when receiving input slightly above the current level of understanding.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an integral part of the Chinese Classical Drama?

<p>Movement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does an appositive do?

<p>Modifies a noun.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What function does a direct object serve?

<p>Receiver of the action.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'Intensive verb' usually refer to?

<p>Linking verb</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of word can a 'Gerund' function as?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'Metonymy' refer to?

<p>Representation of a concept using a related term.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'Synecdoche' refer to?

<p>A part of something is used to represent the whole.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'Onomatopoeia' refer to?

<p>Words that imitate sounds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a 'Hyperbole'?

<p>Exaggeration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is 'Personification'?

<p>Giving human qualities to inanimate objects.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is 'Irony'?

<p>Sarcasm.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is 'Euphemism'?

<p>A polite way of saying something that might be considered offensive.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an 'Apostrophe'?

<p>Direct address to someone who is not present.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an 'Oxymoron'?

<p>A phrase that combines two contradictory words.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is 'Alliteration'?

<p>Repetition of consonant sounds at the beginning of words.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an 'Idiomatic expression'?

<p>A phrase that has a figurative meaning.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is another name for Dante's Divine Comedy?

<p>Comedia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the original text of 'Indian Hymn'?

<p>Rig Veda.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is another word for 'Divine intervention'?

<p>Deus Ex Machina.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the study of symbols called?

<p>Semiotics.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a 'formalistic' approach to literature?

<p>A scientific approach that focuses on the form of a text rather than its content.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the central idea behind 'Symbolis'

<p>The use of symbols to represent ideas that are not directly stated.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key idea behind 'New criticism'?

<p>Discourages intertextuality.</p> Signup and view all the answers

When did the 'modern period' begin?

<p>With the French and the Industrial Revolutions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the goal of 'teaching preparation about literature'?

<p>To select a literary work that is appropriate for the learners.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a 'blended word'?

<p>A word that is a combination of two other words.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is 'Positive transfer' in language learning?

<p>When knowledge of one language helps someone learn another language.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the meaning of 'Coreference'?

<p>Same referring.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is used to help process information?

<p>Using fillers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a 'Research Proposal'?

<p>To suggest.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a 'direct text' considered?

<p>Literal.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the meaning of 'Autobiography'?

<p>First person.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a 'Physiological barrier'?

<p>Biological.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is 'Mode' in language?

<p>Audio, words or gestures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the meaning of a 'Compound-Complex' sentence?

<p>One dependent clause + two independent clauses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the 'direct object' answer?

<p>The question 'What?'</p> Signup and view all the answers

What punctuation mark signals a business letter?

<p>A colon.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is another word for 'Convincing'?

<p>Compelling.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Another word for 'hidden' or 'concealed'?

<p>Covert.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is another word for 'obvious'?

<p>Overt.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is another word for 'Fear'?

<p>Apprehension.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Another word for 'last'?

<p>Latter.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is another word for 'suitable' or 'pleasant'?

<p>Felicitous.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is another word for 'punished'?

<p>Chastised.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is another word for 'genuine'?

<p>Bona fide.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is another word for 'unselfishness'?

<p>Altruism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is another word for 'useless'?

<p>Futile.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is another word for 'mistake' or 'inadvertent error'?

<p>Oversight.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the meaning of 'Linguistic'?

<p>Related to language.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'Linguistics' refer to?

<p>Scientific study of languages.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two main branches of linguistics?

<p>Internal and External branches.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is 'Coinage'?

<p>The invention of a totally new word.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by 'Borrowing'?

<p>Taking words from other languages.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is 'Etymology'?

<p>The origin of the word.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is 'Compounding'?

<p>Joining two words to create a new word.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Philippine Qualification Framework (PQF)

Describes the level of educational qualifications outcomes in the Philippines.

Washback

The relationship between the teaching process and the test.

Positive Washback

Expected test results due to teaching.

Negative Washback

Unexpected test results due to teaching.

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Remedial instructions priority

Identifying student difficulties to provide targeted help.

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Masthead

The name of a newspaper.

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Bylines

Information about the author.

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Grammar Translation Method

Language teaching method focusing on grammar rules, translation and memorization.

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Direct Method

Language teaching method emphasizing oral communication and no use of native language.

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Total Physical Response

Language learning through actions.

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Suggestopedia

Language learning through relaxation and interest.

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Affective Filter Hypothesis

Language learning influenced by motivation, confidence and anxiety.

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Monitor Hypothesis

Consciously learning language rules.

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Natural Order

Language acquired in a predictable pattern.

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Input Hypothesis

Language learned best with slightly challenging input.

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Metaphor

Comparison without "like" or "as".

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Metonymy

Representation using part for whole.

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Synecdoche

Using a part of something to represent the whole.

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Simile

Comparison using "like" or "as".

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Onomatopoeia

Words representing sounds.

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Hyperbole

Exaggeration.

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Personification

Giving human qualities to objects.

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Irony

Using words in a way that contradicts meaning.

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Euphemism

Using a nice word for something unpleasant.

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Apostrophe

Direct address to something not human.

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Study Notes

Philippine Qualification Framework (PQF)

  • The Philippine Qualification Framework (PQF) describes the level of educational qualifications outcomes.
  • Course: Teaching-learning experiences.
  • Conversion: Uses the same word. Or add -ed.
  • Semantic: Same word, same meaning.
  • Purpose of Filipino folk narratives: natural phenomena.
  • Washback: The relationship between the teaching process and the test.
  • Positive washback: expected test results.
  • Negative washback: unexpected test results.
  • Priority for remedial instructions: identify student difficulty.
  • Mast head: name of the newspaper
  • Bylines: Popularity
  • Nose for news: Newman's 6th sense
  • Learning best: Formal and informal manner.

Grammar in Second Language Teaching

  • Basic understanding of English: Organize sentences into a paragraph.
  • Deep examination of the usage of grammar in second language teaching, classical method, translations of grammar, texts, rote learning vocabulary: grammar translation method.
  • Total direct approach: focus on oral skills.
  • Total physical response: aural and kinesthetic.
  • Grammar translation method: deep examination.
  • Suggestopedia: Learners learn when relaxed & interested.
  • Motivation, self-confidence & anxiety: Affective Filter Hypothesis.
  • Monitor hypothesis: Consciously learning rules, self-correction in language acquisition, internal editor.
  • Affective filter hypothesis: motivational aspect, self-confidence, anxiety.
  • Natural order: acquired language form, and grammatical structure in a predictable sequence.
  • Input hypothesis: Acquire language best when receiving input slightly above their current level of understanding.

Chinese Classical Drama

  • An integral part of Chinese Classical Drama: Movement.
  • Appositive: modifies a noun.
  • Direct object: receiver of the action

Linguistics

  • Diphthongs: Aw, Ew, Iw, Ow, Uw
  • Intensive verb: linking verb (checklist on Google)
  • Gerund function as: Subject: Reading is my hobby. Verb: Jenny is speaking. Adjective: I find the movie very interesting.

Other Topics

  • Metaphor (a direct comparison, e.g. simile without "like, as")
  • Metonymy (representation: crown represents king)
  • Synecdoche (part used for the whole, e.g. nice wheels!)
  • Simile (comparing using like or as)
  • Onomatopoeia (literal sounds)
  • Hyperbole (exaggeration)
  • Personification (giving human attributes to objects, animals)
  • Irony (using sarcasm)
  • Euphemism (positive statement with negative meaning)
  • Apostrophe (direct address to an abstract idea, object, or person)
  • Oxymoron (contradicting words, eg. loud silence)
  • Alliteration (repetition of initial consonant sounds)
  • Idiomatic expression (figurative meaning understood by native speakers)

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