Philippine Politics & Governance

Questions and Answers

What is one of the primary purposes of government?

Limiting citizen participation

Interference with business operations

Administration of Justice (correct)

Promotion of individual wealth

Which statement best describes good governance?

It requires participation from various sectors of society. (correct)

It excludes the rule of law.

It is about maintaining strict hierarchy.

It focuses solely on economic growth.

What does 'transparency' in governance involve?

Limited community engagement

Hiding financial information

Promoting secrecy in administrative affairs

Open access to decision-making information (correct)

What is meant by 'rule of law' in the context of governance?

All people and the government must obey the law. Signup and view all the answers

Which indicator of governance emphasizes timely action for all stakeholders?

Responsiveness Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of governance focuses on the well-being of the most vulnerable members of society?

Equity and Inclusiveness Signup and view all the answers

What indicates a failure in governance regarding the use of resources?

Misallocation of available resources Signup and view all the answers

What does participation in governance imply?

Active involvement in decision-making processes. Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by consensus-oriented governance?

Decisions made after considering various viewpoints. Signup and view all the answers

What does accountability in governance entail?

The responsibility to justify one's actions and decisions. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes political ideologies?

A system of beliefs about how society should function. Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary function of political ideology according to Heywood?

To offer an analysis of the existing social order Signup and view all the answers

Which political ideology is associated with authoritarianism?

Totalitarianism Signup and view all the answers

How do conservatives view change according to Edmund Burke?

Only change that has been proven successful is acceptable Signup and view all the answers

What aspect do conservatives put greater trust in than human reason?

Tradition Signup and view all the answers

What aspect is crucial for accountability in governance?

Being able to explain the rationale behind decisions. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a key idea of conservatism?

Absolute equality Signup and view all the answers

Which ideology is characterized by the call for government action to improve societal conditions?

Political Ideology Signup and view all the answers

What is not a characteristic of consensus-oriented governance?

Dominance of a single political party. Signup and view all the answers

According to conservative ideology, what role does authority play in society?

It is necessary for maintaining order and guiding the inexperienced Signup and view all the answers

Leninism is most closely related to which form of governance?

Communism Signup and view all the answers

Which country is associated with practicing conservatism?

Chad Signup and view all the answers

What does pragmatism imply in the context of conservative ideology?

Action should be guided by what is practically beneficial Signup and view all the answers

What is the conservative perspective on human nature?

Humans are flawed and depend on structure and order Signup and view all the answers

Why do conservatives view property ownership as vital?

It offers security and independence from government. Signup and view all the answers

What central idea does John Locke contribute to liberalism?

The concept of the social contract. Signup and view all the answers

Which principle is considered the core of liberal ideology?

Individualism Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the liberal concept of freedom?

Freedom must be balanced with the liberty of others. Signup and view all the answers

What role does reason play in liberal ideology?

It promotes the idea that individuals can make wise judgments. Signup and view all the answers

How do liberals generally view human equality?

All individuals are born equal in moral worth. Signup and view all the answers

What does 'freedom under the law' imply in liberalism?

Personal freedom should not harm others' freedoms. Signup and view all the answers

What is not typically associated with the principles of liberalism?

Economic socialism. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Government and Its Purpose

Government refers to formal institutions that rule and govern a society, created by the people it governs.
Primary purposes include maintaining peace and order, protecting persons and property, administering justice, promoting education, and advancing the physical, economic, social, and cultural well-being of citizens.

Governance

Defined as the exercise of power or authority by political leaders for citizens' welfare.
Involves the complex process of power dynamics and creation of public policies impacting society members.

Indicators of Good Governance

Participatory: Active involvement of different societal sectors in decision-making processes.
Rule of Law: Adherence to laws by both citizens and government, ensuring actions are within legal limits.
Effectiveness and Efficiency: Institutions must meet societal needs using available resources wisely.
Transparency: Openness regarding decision-making and implementation processes.
Responsiveness: Timely handling of stakeholder needs, ensuring protection of citizen interests.
Equity and Inclusiveness: Consideration for all societal members, particularly vulnerable populations.
Consensus Oriented: Decision-making considers various viewpoints, promoting partnerships among public service providers.
Accountability: Actors must explain and justify their decisions and actions.

Political Ideologies

Refers to systems of beliefs about how society should function and govern.
Ideologies provide a basis for organized political action—whether to preserve, modify, or overthrow existing power structures.

Functions of Political Ideology

Assessment of Existing Order: Evaluates what functions effectively in society.
Vision of a Desired Society: Articulates an ideal societal framework.
Pathways for Political Change: Outlines methods to achieve the desired societal order.

Conservatism

Edmund Burke recognized as the Father of Modern Conservatism, emphasizing society as a web of interrelations through time.
Prioritizes tradition and cautious change, valuing existing frameworks over unproven methods.
Countries practicing conservatism include Iran, Pakistan, Chad, and Yemen.

Key Ideas of Conservatism

Pragmatism: Emphasizes practical goals and circumstances.
Human Imperfection: Acknowledges human limitations needing stable communities.
Authority: Stresses the necessity of leadership from experienced individuals to guide less knowledgeable citizens.
Property: Views property ownership as essential for security and independence from government.

Liberalism

Emerged from the Enlightenment, challenging traditional norms to promote liberty and equality.
John Locke is a foundational figure, advocating for government protection of life, liberty, and property through social contracts.

Key Ideas of Liberalism

Individualism: Central to liberal ideology, promotes unique human worth and identities for societal flourishing.
Freedom: Advocates individual liberty, moderated by legal constraints to avoid threats to others' freedom.
Reason: Asserts that human insight can rationally resolve societal issues, favoring progress through dialogue.
Equality: Emphasizes equal moral worth at birth, commitment to legal and political equality.

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Description

Explore the fundamental principles of government, its purpose, and the role it plays in society. This quiz covers the key functions of government such as maintaining peace and order and protecting citizens. Delve into the essential concepts that shape Philippine governance.

Philippine Politics & Governance - Quarter 1