Philippine History Post-World War II

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Questions and Answers

What was the primary goal of the Bell Trade Act?

  • To establish a strong trade relationship between the US and the Philippines. (correct)
  • To promote economic development in the US.
  • To provide military aid to the Philippines.
  • To create independence for the Philippines.

Which of these issues did the Philippines face after World War II?

  • Economic decline.
  • Political instability.
  • A rise in communist insurgency.
  • All of the above. (correct)

What was a major focus of Elpidio Quirino's presidency?

  • Military expansion
  • Peace and stability (correct)
  • Educational reform
  • Economic development

What strategy did the Philippines utilize to address economic challenges after the war?

<p>Focusing on agricultural development and support for farmers. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which country relinquished control of assets and jurisdiction over the Philippines, with the exception of military bases?

<p>United States (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the Hukbalahap movement primarily known for?

<p>Advocating for land reform and challenging post-war power structures. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary focus of Manuel A. Roxas' presidency?

<p>Economic development and nation building (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What event marked the end of President Roxas' term?

<p>Heart attack (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of post-war recovery is directly mentioned in this document?

<p>Land ownership and redistribution. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of the US rehabilitation program in the Philippines in 1950?

<p>Boosting agricultural economy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the Philippine Rehabilitation Act?

<p>To provide economic aid to the Philippines for postwar recovery (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What organization did the Philippines join in 1945?

<p>UN (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How much money did the US provide for military equipment under the Philippine Rehabilitation Act?

<p>$100 million (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were some of the infrastructure projects funded by the Philippine Rehabilitation Act?

<p>Buildings, roads, ports, and airports (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT directly related to Manuel A. Roxas' presidency?

<p>The establishment of the Philippine Senate (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main reason for the decline in agricultural production in the Philippines after World War II?

<p>The Hukbalahap rebellion disrupted farming activities. (E)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary motive of President Quirino's amnesty declaration for Huk members in 1948?

<p>To quell the rebellion and establish peace. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these individuals played a crucial role in weakening the Hukbalahap movement?

<p>Ramon Magsaysay (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did Ramon Magsaysay's approach differ from President Quirino's in addressing the Hukbalahap issue?

<p>Magsaysay prioritized negotiation, while Quirino focused on military action. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the US mission led by Daniel Bell in 1950?

<p>The mission assessed the Philippine economy and identified areas for improvement. (E)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the primary goals mentioned in the document for improving the Philippine economy?

<p>Developing and supporting new industries (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT explicitly mentioned in the document as a component of improving the Philippine economy?

<p>Developing renewable energy sources (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary objective of the Quirino-Foster Agreement?

<p>To improve the Philippine economy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What specific financial support did the US provide to the Philippines for their 5-year development plan?

<p>A grant of US$250 million (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following was NOT a key aspect of the Quirino-Foster Agreement regarding economic improvement?

<p>Negotiating trade agreements with neighboring countries (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What organization was established to help farmers access funding?

<p>Agricultural Credit Cooperative Financing Administration (ACCFA) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was established to ensure a stable financial system in the Philippines?

<p>Central Bank of the Philippines (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the President's Action Committee on Social Amelioration (PACSA)?

<p>To provide support to impoverished Filipinos (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What initiative was enacted to improve worker compensation?

<p>Minimum Wage Law (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is NOT directly related to the efforts to improve the Philippines' economy after World War II?

<p>Regular News Releases from Malacañang (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a significant aspect of the way Ramon Magsaysay interacted with the Filipino people?

<p>He used a specific name to address citizens (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did Ramon Magsaysay's actions demonstrate his commitment to a more open and accessible government?

<p>He made the President's residence accessible to the public. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a key component of Ramon Magsaysay's approach to governance?

<p>Connecting with the people and making the government more accessible. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements best describes Ramon Magsaysay's public image?

<p>He was recognized as a strong and determined leader committed to reform. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant difference in Ramon Magsaysay's approach to governance compared to prior presidents?

<p>He prioritized public engagement and accessibility, unlike prior presidents who remained more distant. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a primary focus of President Magsaysay's economic development strategy?

<p>Improving agricultural production (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following was a key component of the Laurel-Langley Agreement?

<p>Regulating tariffs and taxes on imports and exports (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was President Magsaysay's approach to strengthening rural communities?

<p>Developing infrastructure and providing resources (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did President Magsaysay attempt to improve the welfare of Filipinos?

<p>By focusing on improving healthcare services and education (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following was not a program of President Magsaysay?

<p>Providing financial aid to other countries (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the key initiatives aimed at improving farmers' welfare during Magsaysay's administration?

<p>Establishment of an agricultural court (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What initiative did Ramon Magsaysay implement to improve the economic situation in the Philippines?

<p>Launch of the Economic Development Corporation (EDCOR) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which program was introduced to enhance workers' welfare during Magsaysay's presidency?

<p>Social Security System (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which foreign alliance was formed during the presidency of Ramon Magsaysay?

<p>Southeast Asian Treaty Organization (SEATO) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did Magsaysay's administration aim to support agricultural development?

<p>Through the Farmers Cooperative Marketing Association (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a key focus of Ramon Magsaysay's campaign against the Hukbalahap rebels?

<p>Addressing the social issues that fueled their rise (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the major focus of the Land Reform Act of 1955?

<p>Allowing farmers to own the land they cultivate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What initiative was taken to enhance national security during Magsaysay's administration?

<p>Strengthening the national defense force (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which program aimed at improving labor rights was associated with Magsaysay's presidency?

<p>Magna Carta of Labor (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the main objectives of the campaigns led by Ramon Magsaysay during his presidency?

<p>Improving military morale and capabilities (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Manuel A. Roxas

First President of the Third Philippine Republic (1946-1948), focused on economic development.

Philippine Rehabilitation Act

US act providing $620 million for war damages in the Philippines.

Economic Development

Efforts aimed at improving the economic conditions of a nation.

Military Supplies Funding

$100 million allocated for military equipment under the Philippine Rehabilitation Act.

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Infrastructure Reconstruction

$150 million earmarked for rebuilding roads, ports, and airports.

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US-Philippines Relations

Interactions between the US and the Philippines affecting trade and legislation.

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Bell Trade Act

Legislation establishing trade relations between the US and the Philippines.

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Hukbalahap Movement

A post-war insurgent group aiming for agrarian reform in the Philippines.

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Economic Recovery Programs

Initiatives aimed at restoring the Philippine economy and aiding farmers post-war.

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Land Ownership and Redistribution

Efforts to change land ownership patterns for post-war recovery.

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Philippines-United States Relations

The formal relationship established when the US relinquished control over the Philippines, except for military bases.

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United Nations Membership

The Philippines joined the UN on October 24, 1945, emphasizing international cooperation.

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Elpidio Quirino

Became president of the Philippines (1948-1953) after Roxas, focused on peace and national unity.

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Rehabilitation Programs

Initiatives led by the US in 1950 to reconstruct the Philippines and boost the agricultural economy.

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Magsaysay's Insurgency Efforts

President Magsaysay sought to eradicate insurgency in the Philippines during his term.

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Quirino-Foster Agreement

A 1950 agreement aimed at improving the Philippine economy through fair taxation and minimum wage.

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Financial System Improvement

Enhancing the financial mechanisms to support economic growth in the Philippines.

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Agricultural Practices Enhancement

Improving farming methods to boost productivity and support the economy.

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Taxation Reform

Adjusting tax policies to address income issues and fund economic development.

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Education and Healthcare

Improving education and health to enable citizens to contribute effectively to the economy.

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President Quirino's Strategies

President Quirino used various methods to address Hukbalahap rebel issues, including negotiation and amnesty.

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Amnesty Declaration

In 1948, Quirino declared amnesty for Huk members to encourage reconciliation.

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Ramon Magsaysay's Role

Appointed by Quirino, Magsaysay helped reduce conflict with the Hukbalahap movement through diplomacy.

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Economic Assessment by Daniel Bell

In 1950, an assessment revealed significant economic decline in the Philippines post-war.

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Hukbalahap Movement Weakening

Under Magsaysay's influence, the strength of the Hukbalahap movement began to decrease.

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Bilateral Agreement

A mutual economic cooperation agreement signed with the US on April 27, 1951.

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Central Bank of the Philippines

Established on June 15, 1949, it ensured a stable financial system in the country.

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Agricultural Credit Cooperative Financing Administration (ACCFA)

Formed to help farmers access funding for agricultural improvements.

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President's Action Committee on Social Amelioration (PACSA)

Initially aimed at restoring public trust, it evolved into the DSWD for social support.

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Minimum Wage Law

Implemented to improve worker compensation in the Philippines.

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Ramon Magsaysay

Filipino president known as 'Champion of the Masses'.

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Malacañang Opening

Magsaysay allowed public access to his presidential home.

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Champion of the Masses

Title given to Magsaysay for advocating for the people's rights.

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The Savior of Democracy

Nickname for Magsaysay due to his defense of democratic values.

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Public Engagement

Magsaysay’s strategy to connect with the Filipino people.

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Magsaysay's Economic Focus

President Magsaysay aimed to boost the national economy through agriculture and infrastructure.

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Agricultural Sector Development

Magsaysay believed improving agriculture would enhance Filipinos' livelihoods.

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Laurel-Langley Agreement

A trade pact between the US and the Philippines regulating tariffs, signed in 1954.

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Improving Rural Communities

Magsaysay promoted programs to develop rural areas and uplift farmers.

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Huk Campaign

Magsaysay's initiative against the Huk movement for peace and stability.

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Hukbalahap Campaign

Magsaysay's initiatives to combat the Hukbalahap, a communist movement in the Philippines.

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Economic Development Corporation (EDCOR)

A government initiative during Magsaysay's administration aimed at improving economic conditions.

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SEATO

Southeast Asian Treaty Organization, established to strengthen regional alliances under Magsaysay.

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Magna Carta of Labor

Legislation that established labor rights and improved working conditions in the Philippines.

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Social Security

A system established for workers' welfare, including retirement and medical care.

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Land Reform Act of 1955

Legislation allowing farmers to own the land they cultivate.

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National Defense Strengthening

Efforts made to enhance the national defense force and morale against internal threats.

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Farmers' Assistance

Support programs like FACOMA aimed at improving farmers' market access.

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Court of Agrarian Relations (CAR)

A court established to address agrarian disputes and enforce reforms.

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