Questions and Answers
What is the Greek term from which the word history is derived?
According to E.H. Carr, how is history best described?
Which institution serves as the official national library of the Philippines?
What is the primary mission of the National Historical Commission of the Philippines?
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Which of the following philosophers described history as a systematic account of natural phenomena?
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What does Jawaharlal Nehru believe about the study of history?
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What significant role does the National Museum of the Philippines serve?
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How many documents does the National Archives of the Philippines house related to different occupations?
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What is one way that history contributes to our understanding of society?
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Which of the following is considered a primary source of historical evidence?
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Which institution is recognized as the first electronic legislative library in the country?
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What is a characteristic of secondary sources in historical study?
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What is one reason why studying history is considered essential for good citizenship?
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Which of the following options relates to how history provides identity?
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What type of materials would you find in the Lopez Museum and Library?
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Which of the following statements accurately describes the American Historical Collection (AHC)?
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What does external criticism focus on when evaluating historical documents?
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Which anthropologist is associated with the discovery of the Tabon Man?
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What theory did Henry Otley Beyer introduce regarding the first humans in the Philippines?
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Which of the following bones was discovered by Dr. Armand Mijares' team in Callao Cave?
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In what year did Magellan’s expedition lead to the discovery of the Philippines?
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What is the significance of Republic Act 9470 in relation to historical documents in the Philippines?
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What does internal criticism examine in historical documents?
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Which group of people is believed to be among the earliest inhabitants of the Philippines according to anthropological theory?
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What distinguishes an Aliping Namamahay from an Aliping Saguiguilid?
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What was the primary purpose of Magellan's expedition upon entering the Archipelago?
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Which of the following statements about the housing of early Filipinos is true?
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Which leader is known for rejecting Magellan's friendship?
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What significant event occurred on March 31, 1521?
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How could an Alipin become free?
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What was the name given by Magellan to the Pacific Ocean?
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Which aspect was NOT a characteristic of the barangay system?
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Which class is considered the ruling and educated class in the barangay?
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What was the primary expectation from the Timawa class?
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Which class in the barangay was responsible for providing protection and preparing weapons?
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What was the role of the Alipin class in the barangay?
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What was Magellan's rank during his expedition under the Spanish Crown?
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Which ship was the flagship under Magellan's command?
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What did the Treaty of Tordesillas establish regarding the territories of Spain and Portugal?
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Which of the following was commanded by Juan de Cartagena during the expedition?
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Study Notes
Background of the Philippine History
- The term "history" originates from "historia," a Greek word meaning "inquiry or research."
- Aristotle defined history as a systematic account of natural phenomena in chronological order.
- Notable historians Thucydides and Herodotus viewed history as a learning inquiry about humanity's past.
- E.H. Carr described history as a dialogue between past and present, while Will Durant characterized it as a narrative of civilization's events.
- Jawaharlal Nehru emphasized history's reflection on humanity's growth.
Relevance of Studying Philippine History
- Understanding history aids comprehension of people, societies, and their evolution.
- Studying history elucidates societal changes and fosters moral understanding.
- History contributes to personal and national identity, essential for good citizenship.
- Valuable for careers by providing context and insight into societal functions.
Two General Kinds of Historical Sources
- Primary Sources: Firsthand evidence including artifacts, diaries, letters, and audio/visual recordings.
- Secondary Sources: Analyzed interpretations of primary sources, such as textbooks, encyclopedias, and articles.
Criticism in Historical Analysis
- External Criticism: Evaluates document authenticity based on the author, location, and date of writing.
- Internal Criticism: Analyzes the content and relevance of the document.
Early Philippine Society
- Groups pre-colonization thought to exist include Tabon Man, Negritos, and Callao Man.
- Tabon Man: Discovered in Palawan, lived during the Stone Age.
- Negritos: Introduced by anthropologist Henry Otley Beyer as early inhabitants via land bridges.
- Callao Man: Foot bone found in Cagayan by Dr. Armand Mijares in 2007, evidence of early hominids.
Social Classes in Barangay
- Maginoo: Noble, ruling, and educated class; leaders called Datus.
- Timawa: Freemen who could own property; were tax contributors.
- Maharlika: Warrior class, exempt from taxes, tasked with community protection.
- Alipin: Indentured servants serving upper classes; could attain freedom.
Magellan’s Expedition and Philippine Discovery
- Led to the discovery of the Philippines in 1521 by Ferdinand Magellan, born in Portugal (1480).
- King Charles I of Spain supported Magellan's Spice Island expedition under the Treaty of Tordesillas.
- The fleet included five ships, with three (Trinidad, Concepcion, Victoria) continuing the mission.
Key Events During the Expedition
- On March 16, 1521, Magellan’s fleet reached Homonhon island.
- Established relations with native chieftains, particularly Rajah Humabon, who embraced Christianity.
- The first Holy Mass in the Philippines occurred on March 31, 1521.
- Lapu-Lapu of Mactan rejected Spanish offers, exemplifying local resistance to colonization.
Early Filipino Settlements
- Utilized natural caves for residences until constructing homes with wood, bamboo, and nipa or cogon for roofing.
- Communities formed around barangays near shores and riverbanks, heavily influenced by trade and migration patterns.
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Description
Explore the foundational aspects of Philippine history with this quiz on Lesson 1. Understand the importance of archival records and the establishment of the National Archives of the Philippines. This assessment will enhance your knowledge of the historical context and management of records in the Philippines.
