Philippine History and World War II

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Questions and Answers

What was the primary purpose of taxation, as stated in the Philippine government?

To maintain power and control

To raise revenues for public needs (correct)

To create a sense of community

To impose authority on the citizens

Which president was successful in the Hukbalahap amnesty program?

Corazon Aquino

Ramon Magsaysay (correct)

Elpidio Quirino

Ferdinand Marcos Sr.

What type of rice was introduced during the term of Ferdinand Marcos Sr.?

Hybrid rice

High-yielding rice

IR8 hybrid or the 'miracle rice' (correct)

Genetically modified rice

What is the principle of taxation that states that taxes should be based on ability to pay?

Equality or theoretical justice Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the Land Settlement Development Corporation (LASEDECO)?

To settle and develop agricultural lands Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the Republic Act No. 1199?

To create the Agricultural Tenancy Act Signup and view all the answers

Who succeeded Ferdinand Marcos Sr. as the President of the Philippines?

Corazon Aquino Signup and view all the answers

What was the main focus of the 1987 Constitution?

Land reform and social justice Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary task of the Malolos Congress?

To draft a constitution necessary for the establishment of a republic Signup and view all the answers

Which constitution was drafted during the Japanese Occupation?

The 1943 Constitution Signup and view all the answers

What is a key feature of the 1987 Constitution?

Freedom from nuclear weapons Signup and view all the answers

What was the main purpose of the 1935 Constitution?

To prepare for independence from colonial rule Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary aim of the 1973 Constitution?

To facilitate the transition to a parliamentary system of government Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key feature of the 1987 Constitution related to agriculture?

Promotion of agrarian reform Signup and view all the answers

What was the main condition for granting government-purchased titles in the system introduced by the Americans?

Completion of a survey and land ownership proven in court Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the Japanese surrender in World War II?

Surrender aboard the USS Missouri Signup and view all the answers

Which Republic was dissolved by Laurel in Nara, Japan?

Second Republic Signup and view all the answers

What was the main goal of the NARRA resettlement program?

To pacify rebels from the HUK movement Signup and view all the answers

What was the result of the Agricultural Land Reform Code?

It abolished share tenancy and institutionalized leasehold Signup and view all the answers

Who drafted the Biak na Bato Constitution?

Isabelo Artacho and Félix Ferrer Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the Malolos Constitution?

It was the first republican constitution in Asia Signup and view all the answers

Who played a significant role in the Philippines during the Pacific War?

General Douglas MacArthur Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Land Registration

The American system of land registration involved granting titles after survey completion and land ownership proof in court.

Japanese Occupation

General Douglas MacArthur played a significant role in the Philippines during the Pacific war.
World War II events:
- Destruction of Hiroshima and Nagasaki by the atomic bomb.
- Japanese surrender aboard the USS Missouri.
- Dissolution of the Second Republic of the Philippines by Laurel in Nara, Japan.

3rd Republic

Presidents: Roxas, Quirino, Magsaysay, Garcia, Macapagal, and first term of Marcos SR.
Republic Act No. 34: Established a 70-30 sharing arrangement between tenant and landlord.
NARRA resettlement program in Palawan and parts of Mindanao aimed to pacify rebels from the HUK movement by offering them land and homes.
R.A. No. 3844, Agricultural Land Reform Code:
- Abolished share tenancy.
- Institutionalized leasehold.
- Invested rights of preemption and redemption for tenant farmers.
Republic Act No. 1400: Land Reform Act provided for the acquisition of large tenanted rice and corn lands over 200 hectares if owned by individuals; 600 hectares if owned by corporations.

Constitution

Biak na Bato Constitution (1897):
- Drafted by Isabelo Artacho and Félix Ferrer.
- Based on the first Cuban Constitution.
Malolos Constitution:
- First republican constitution in Asia.
- Declared sovereignty resides exclusively in the people.
- Separated the church and state.
1935 Constitution:
- Fundamental law during the Commonwealth era and Third Republic.
- Prepared for independence from colonial rule.
1943 Constitution:
- Drafted during the Japanese Occupation.
- Granted limited independence under a puppet government.
1973 Constitution:
- Aimed at facilitating the transition to a parliamentary system of government.
- Instituted during Martial Law.
1987 Constitution:
- Fundamental law of the Philippines.
- Key features: Freedom from nuclear weapons, promotion of agrarian reform, and creation of the Commission on Human Rights.

Important Figures and Events

Ferdinand Marcos Sr.: Placed the whole country under the land reform program, but restricted land reform scope to tenanted rice and corn lands.
Elpidio Quirino: Established Republic Act No. 34.
Ramon Magsaysay: Successfully implemented the Hukbalahap amnesty program and established the National Resettlement and Rehabilitation Administration (NARRA).
Corazon Aquino: Led the 1987 Constitution and EDSA People Power Revolution.

Taxation

Power to Taxation is an inherent power of the government to impose and collect taxes.
Basic Principles of Taxation:
- Fiscal adequacy: Cover government expenses regardless of economic conditions.
- Equality or theoretical justice: Taxes based on ability to pay.
- Administrative feasibility: Clear, enforceable, and convenient for taxpayers.

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Description

This quiz covers key events in Philippine history, including the land registration system introduced by the Americans, and significant events during World War II, such as the Japanese occupation and the destruction of Hiroshima.