Phenolic Acids: Structure and Antioxidant Activity
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Questions and Answers

What is a characteristic of polyphenols?

  • They are a type of vitamin
  • They are only found in dark chocolate
  • They are commonly found in animal foods
  • They are known for their antioxidant properties (correct)

What is the common feature of phenolic compounds?

  • The presence of vitamin K structure
  • The presence of multiple vitamin units
  • The presence of large multiples of phenol structural units (correct)
  • The presence of antioxidant properties

What is the property of polyphenols that makes them beneficial?

  • Their ability to provide nutritional supplements
  • Their ability to function as vitamins
  • Their ability to function as hormones
  • Their antioxidant properties (correct)

In which type of foods are polyphenols commonly found?

<p>Plant foods (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between phenolic acids and lactic acid bacteria?

<p>Lactic acid bacteria metabolize phenolic acids (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common feature of coumarin and phenolic compounds?

<p>They have similar structure-activity relationships (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of anthocyanins?

<p>To fortify against DNA injury and scavenge free radicals (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the acylation of sugar residues affect?

<p>The stability, color, and bioactivity of anthocyanins (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of hydroxyl groups in phenolic acids?

<p>To determine the antioxidant activity, acidity, and enzyme interaction of phenolic acids (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the structural component of phenolic acids that confers antioxidant activity and stability?

<p>Phenolic ring (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the pathway through which anthocyanins are synthesized in plants?

<p>The phenylpropanoid pathway (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of rings are linked by a heterocyclic ring in cyanidin?

<p>Two aromatic rings (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the impact of hydroxyl groups on the flavonol skeleton?

<p>They increase antioxidant activity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the 2,3-double bond in the B-ring of flavonoids?

<p>It is crucial for the characteristic properties of flavonoids (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of the ketone group at the C4 position of the flavone backbone?

<p>It affects the reactivity, polarity, and potential for metabolic transformation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of flavonoids in cellular processes?

<p>They influence cellular processes such as proliferation, migration, and survival (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the double bond between C2-C3 in the C-ring?

<p>It allows for conjugation, facilitating free radical scavenging (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of groups can substitute the A-ring of flavonoids?

<p>Methoxy or hydroxyl groups (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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