Phases of Strategic Management
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Phases of Strategic Management

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Questions and Answers

What is the correct order of steps in the strategy formulation process?

  • Mission → Goal → External Analysis → Internal Analysis → Strategic Choice (correct)
  • Internal Analysis → Mission → Goal → External Analysis → Strategic Choice
  • External Analysis → Internal Analysis → Mission → Goal → Strategic Choice
  • Goal → Mission → External Analysis → Internal Analysis → Strategic Choice

    • Which of the following is NOT one of HRM's implementation variables?

  • Task
  • Performance Metrics (correct)
  • Reward Systems
  • People

    • What are the two primary strategies outlined by Porter?

  • Niche and Mass Marketing
  • Market Penetration and Product Development
  • Cost Leadership and Differentiation (correct)
  • Diversification and Integration

    • Which constitutional amendment abolished slavery in the United States?

    <p>13th Amendment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Equal Employment Opportunity (EEO) legislation?

    <p>To ensure equal chance for employment regardless of personal attributes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of a Functional Structure?

    <p>High levels of centralization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect of job analysis is NOT part of the Position Analysis Questionnaire (PAQ)?

    <p>Performance evaluation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure is characterized by increased flexibility and innovation, often at the cost of efficiency?

    <p>Divisional Structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Job analysis is essential for managers because it helps in understanding which of the following?

    <p>Workflow processes and job requirements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of job design?

    <p>Defining how work will be performed and tasks involved</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the rights granted to workers under the OSHA regulations?

    <p>Request an inspection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a component of a Safety Awareness Program?

    <p>Implement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a Job Specification typically include?

    <p>Knowledge, skills, and abilities required</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary objective of work-flow analysis?

    <p>To understand tasks required for product quality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which source is commonly utilized for job analysis information?

    <p>Subject-matter experts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What primarily defines an organization's structure?

    <p>The network of job interconnections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which element is NOT typically analyzed during work-flow analysis?

    <p>Employee morale</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the General Duty Clause under OSHA emphasize?

    <p>Employer accountability for safety</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must an employee demonstrate to receive accommodation for their religious practice?

    <p>A legitimate religious belief and notice of the need to accommodate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What constitutes sexual harassment under Quid Pro Quo?

    <p>Conditions where sexual favors are required for job benefits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key requirement for demonstrating a disability in an accommodation case?

    <p>Being a qualified applicant with a disability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What approach does Affirmative Action primarily seek to enhance?

    <p>To attract and retain minority employees</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'Hostile Working Environment' refer to in relation to sexual harassment?

    <p>Sexual conduct that negatively impacts work performance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which legislation governs occupational safety and health standards?

    <p>Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant change did the Equality Act of 2017 propose?

    <p>It amended Title VII to include sexual orientation and gender identity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is often a focus in discussions about Gender Equity in the workplace?

    <p>Equity in pay and representation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary advantage of employing temporary workers?

    <p>They reduce the financial responsibilities of the organization.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes independent contractors?

    <p>They agree to perform specific tasks for a defined period.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    To effectively implement and evaluate a program, what is crucial?

    <p>An individual must be accountable for achieving goals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do personnel policies influence in an organization?

    <p>The nature and characteristics of vacancies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the outcome when demand for labor exceeds supply?

    <p>The organization faces a labor shortage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which is a consequence of downsizing within an organization?

    <p>Reduction in long-term organizational effectiveness.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of outsourcings?

    <p>Engaging an outside organization for various services.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which trait is important for effective recruiters?

    <p>They should be warm and informative.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Phases of Strategic Management

    • Comprises two key phases: Strategy Formulation and Strategy Implementation.

    Strategy Formulation

    • Involves defining mission, setting goals, and conducting external and internal analyses leading to strategic choices.
    • Utilizes SWOT Analysis to assess Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats.

    HRM's Role in Strategy Implementation

    • Focuses on three implementation variables: Task, People, and Reward Systems.
    • Links HR needs to HRM practices, enhancing HR capability and actions that drive firm performance.

    HRM Steps in Strategy Implementation

    • Job analysis/design, recruitment/selection, training/development, performance management, and designing pay structure/benefits.

    Competitive Strategies (Porter's)

    • Two primary strategies: Cost leadership and Differentiation.

    Directional Strategies

    • Concentration on core business areas, Growth through internal or external means, Downsizing, and pursuing Mergers and Acquisitions.

    Strategic Competitive Advantage

    • Achieved through emergent strategies and capitalizing on opportunities.
    • Divided into three branches: Executive, Legislative, and Judicial.

    Equal Employment Opportunity (EEO)

    • Aims to provide equal employment chances regardless of race, color, religion, sex, or national origin, enforced through legislation and amendments.

    Key Constitutional Amendments

    • 13th Amendment abolishes slavery.
    • 14th Amendment ensures equal protection and due process.

    Accommodation for Religion and Disabilities

    • Employees must demonstrate a legitimate need for accommodation and show adverse consequences due to employer's noncompliance.

    Current Diversity and EEO Issues

    • Includes sexual harassment, affirmative action, outcomes of the Americans with Disabilities Act, and gender equity.

    Sexual Harassment Defined

    • Involves unwelcome sexual advances or conduct affecting employment conditions (Quid Pro Quo) or creating a hostile work environment.

    Affirmative Action

    • Initiated to attract and retain minority employees, often associated with imposed quotas, sparking ongoing debate.

    Gender Equity Concerns

    • Addresses pay and representation equity, especially at leadership levels.

    LGBT Rights in Employment

    • Increasing inclusivity in businesses, with laws like the Equality Act 2017 expanding protections against discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity.

    Employee Safety Regulations

    • Governed by federal and state laws, particularly the Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA), which enforces safety standards in the workplace.

    OSHA Worker Rights

    • Rights include requesting inspections, having a representative present, and accessing exposure records.

    Safety Awareness Programs

    • Focuses on instilling changes through identifying, reinforcing, and promoting safety protocols.

    Job Analysis Components

    • Job Description outlines tasks and responsibilities; Job Specification includes required knowledge, skills, and characteristics.

    Job Analysis Sources

    • Utilizes information from subject-matter experts, job incumbents, supervisors, social networks, and prior data sources like O*NET.

    Work-Flow Design and Organizational Structure

    • Work-flow design analyzes necessary tasks for production; organization structure outlines job interconnections within an organization.

    Work-Flow Analysis

    • Involves examining outputs, processes, and inputs to ensure high-quality production.

    Organizational Structure Types

    • Functional structure emphasizes centralization and efficiency, whereas divisional structure allows flexibility with semi-autonomous units.

    Importance of Job Analysis for Managers

    • Managers require detailed job information to make informed hiring decisions and maintain performance standards.

    Position Analysis Questionnaire (PAQ)

    • Evaluates factors like work outputs, mental processes, job context, and relationships for detailed job insights.

    Job Design Definition

    • Defines how work will be performed and tasks required for a specific job.

    Temporary Workers and Independent Contractors

    • Temporary workers help manage labor shortages, while independent contractors agree to complete specific tasks within a contract.

    Program Implementation and Evaluation

    • Accountability for achieving goals is crucial, supported by progress reports and performance evaluations.

    Personnel Policies Impact

    • Affect recruitment and vacancy characteristics; differentiate between internal/external recruiting strategies.

    Recruiter Characteristics

    • Should show warmth, provide realistic job previews, and enhance impact by timely feedback and team recruitment.

    HR Planning and Forecasting

    • Identifies labor surpluses or shortages by comparing labor supply and demand forecasts.

    Downsizing Implications

    • Often reduces costs but risks long-term effectiveness and organizational morale due to talent loss and network disruption.

    Outsourcing and Offshoring

    • Outsourcing involves using external organizations for services, leading to potential shifts in economic strategies and labor management.

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    Description

    Explore the essential components of strategic management, focusing on strategy formulation and implementation. This quiz covers the processes involved in creating and executing strategies, including SWOT analysis and decision-making factors. Understand how these phases are interlinked for effective management.

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