Suppositories Quiz & Flashcards: Advantages vs Disadvantages

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Questions and Answers

In which region is the use of suppositories more common?

Middle Eastern countries

Southern European countries (correct)

Northern European countries

Anglo-Saxon countries

What percentage of drugs are formulated as suppositories in the United States?

Around 2%

Around 5%

Less than 1% (correct)

Less than 0.5%

What is the purpose of the chapter?

To compare and contrast various suppository, insert, and stick dosage forms (correct)

To describe the advantages of suppositories

To explain the history of suppositories

To introduce the concept of suppositories

What is one of the objectives of the chapter?

To identify and explain physiologic factors that influence the drug absorption from rectal suppository and vaginal/urethral insert administration Signup and view all the answers

In which ancient civilization was the use of rectal suppositories first documented?

Ancient Egypt Signup and view all the answers

What is the percentage of drugs formulated as suppositories in Germany?

Around 5% Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the topics covered in the chapter?

The advantages and disadvantages of suppository, insert, and stick drug delivery versus oral drug delivery Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the reasons for using suppositories?

To avoid gastric degradation of certain drugs Signup and view all the answers

What is the active constituent in Dulcolax?

Bisacodyl Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the key counseling points a pharmacist should share with the patient?

Not specified in the chapter Signup and view all the answers

What is the base in Anusol-HC suppositories?

Hydrogenated glycerides Signup and view all the answers

What is the therapeutic effect of Bisacodyl?

Cathartic Signup and view all the answers

What is the commercial product name of the suppository containing Hydromorphone?

Dilaudid Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of Hydrocortisone in Anusol-HC suppositories?

Anti-inflammatory Signup and view all the answers

What is the dose of Bisacodyl in Dulcolax suppositories?

10mg Signup and view all the answers

What is the therapeutic indication of Anusol-HC suppositories?

Pruritus ani, inflamed hemorrhoids, and other inflammatory conditions of the anorectum Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of adding a drying powder or a suitable thickening agent to the liquid when preparing semisolid or paste-type drugs?

To thicken the drug prior to mixing with the suppository base Signup and view all the answers

Why may the release rate of the drug be slowed if the viscosity of the base is very high?

Because the high viscosity causes the drug to diffuse more slowly through the base Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of particle size on the dissolution rate of a highly water-soluble drug?

The dissolution rate is minimally affected by particle size Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of brittle suppositories?

They are difficult to handle, wrap, and use Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of adding a solid to a drug prior to mixing with the suppository base?

The drug becomes thicker Signup and view all the answers

What happens when the percentage of nonbase materials exceeds about 30%?

The suppository becomes more brittle Signup and view all the answers

Why is it necessary to stir the melt constantly and keep it at the lowest possible temperature?

To maintain a high viscosity of the base Signup and view all the answers

What happens to poorly water-soluble drugs in the presence of a high-viscosity base?

The dissolution rate is slowed Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of adding acid to a suppository base?

To prolong the release of the drug over several hours Signup and view all the answers

What is the classification of suppository bases based on?

Physical characteristics Signup and view all the answers

What is an important characteristic to consider when selecting a suppository base?

Both A and B Signup and view all the answers

What type of suppository base is cocoa butter an example of?

Fatty or oleaginous base Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of a good suppository base?

It should be nonirritating and non-toxic Signup and view all the answers

What type of suppository base is used in tropical climates?

Base with lower melting point Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using a fatty or oleaginous base?

Because they are frequently employed Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of a suppository base?

It should be chemically and physiologically inert Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of particle size of a solid active drug?

It enhances the drug's activity by increasing its surface area Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of adding a suspending agent to the base?

To ensure uniform dispersion of the drug until solidification Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the active drug's physical state in suppositories?

It is important for the release of the drug from the suppository Signup and view all the answers

What type of dosage form is formed when the active ingredient is insoluble in the base?

Emulsion Signup and view all the answers

Why is it necessary to maintain homogeneity of the total mixture in suppositories?

To ensure uniform dispersion of the drug Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of selecting a temperature just above the melting point of the suppository mixture?

To make the mixture thick but still pourable Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of bulk density in suppositories?

It is a physical characteristic of the active drug Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of viscosity in the preparation of suppositories?

It is important for the uniform dispersion of the active drug Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Suppositories, Inserts, and Sticks

Suppositories are used more routinely in southern European countries and Latin American countries, but less than 1% of drugs are formulated as suppositories in the United States.
Suppositories have not gained the same level of acceptability, respect, and usage as other dosage forms due to extensive first-pass metabolism upon oral administration and drug stability issues.

Advantages of Suppositories

Avoiding the breakdown of certain drugs that are susceptible to gastric degradation
Physiologic factors that influence drug absorption from rectal suppository and vaginal/urethral insert administration
Physicochemical factors of the drug and suppository/insert base that influence absorption

Classification of Suppository Bases

Fatty or oleaginous bases (e.g., cocoa butter)
Water-soluble or water-miscible bases
Miscellaneous bases (combinations of lipophilic and hydrophilic substances)

Characteristics of Suppository Bases

Physically and chemically stable
Nonirritating, nontoxic, and nonsensitizing
Chemically and physiologically inert
Compatible with a variety of drugs
Stable during storage
Esthetically acceptable (free from objectionable odor and pleasing appearance)

Active Drugs in Suppositories

Physical state (solid, liquid, or semi-solid)
Particle size (important for poorly water-soluble drugs)
Solubility
Dielectric constant
Bulk density

Preparation of Suppositories

Importance of viscosity in preparing suppositories
Need for constant agitation during processing and filling
Maintaining homogeneity of the mixture
Temperature control during preparation

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Description

Compare and contrast suppository, insert, and stick dosage forms. Discuss advantages and disadvantages of these drug delivery methods versus oral drug delivery.

Pharmacy: Suppositories, Inserts, and Sticks

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