Psych Chapter 2

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Match the Medication with the drug classification

Clozapine/Clozaril = Atypical antipsychotic Fluoxetine/Prozac = SSRI antidepressant Amitriptyline/Elavil = Tricyclic antidepressant Benzotropine/Cogentin = Anticholinergic

Match the Medication with the drug classification

Methylphenidate/Ritalin = Stimulant Carbamazepine/Tegretol = Anticonvulsant used as a mood stabilizer Clonazepam/Klonopin = Benzodiazepine Quetiapine/Seroquel = Atypical antipsychotic

Match

Frontal Lobe = Thought, body movement, memories, emotions, moral behavior. Parietal Lobe = taste, touch, spatial orientation. Temporal Lobe = smell, hearing, memory, emotional expression. Occipital Lobe = language, visual interpretation such as depth perception.

Which neurotransmitter controls complex movements, motivation, cognition, regulates emotional response, and is implicated in schizophrenia and other psychoses as well as in movement disorders such as Parkinson’s disease?

Dopamine Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of Epinephrine?

Initiating the fight-or-flight response Signup and view all the answers

Which neurotransmitter is the most prevalent neurotransmitter in the nervous system, is located primarily in the brain stem and plays a role in changes in attention, learning and memory, sleep and wakefulness, and mood regulation?

Norepinephrine Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of Neuropeptides in neurotransmission?

Enhancing, prolonging, inhibiting, or limiting the effects of principal neurotransmitters Signup and view all the answers

Which neurotransmitter controls food intake, sleep and wakefulness, temperature regulation, pain control, sexual behavior, regulation of emotions and has been found to contribute to the delusions, hallucinations, and withdrawn behavior seen in schizophrenia.

Serotonin Signup and view all the answers

What neurotransmitter results in neurotoxicity if levels are too high, and has been implicated in brain damage caused by stroke, hypoglycemia, sustained hypoxia or ischemia, and some degenerative diseases such as Huntington’s or Alzheimer’s?

Glutamate Signup and view all the answers

Match

Neurotransmitters = chemical substances manufactured in the neuron that aid in the transmission of information throughout the body. Histamine = controls alertness, gastric secretions, cardiac stimulation, peripheral allergic responses. Acetylcholine = controls sleep and wakefulness cycle and signals muscles to become alert. Gamma-aminobutyric acid = modulates other neurotransmitters. Signup and view all the answers

Match

Efficacy = maximal therapeutic effect a drug can achieve. Potency = amount of drug needed for maximum effect. Half-life = time it takes for half of the drug to be removed from the bloodstream. Off-label use = drug may be effective for treating a disease different from one involved in original testing. Signup and view all the answers

Which neurotransmitter system does the third generation antipsychotic drug Aripiprazole/Abilify stabilize?

Dopamine Signup and view all the answers

First-generation antipsychotic drugs Chlorpromazine, Fluphenazine, Thioridazine, Haloperidol, and Loxapine focus on?

Dopamine only Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following drugs is not a second-generation antipsychotic?

Aripiprazole/Abilify Signup and view all the answers

What is the common feature of Risperidone/Risperdal, Clozapine, and Olanzapine?

They focus on serotonin and dopamine Signup and view all the answers

How many generations of antipsychotic drugs are mentioned in the text?

Three Signup and view all the answers

_________ drugs are used to treat the symptoms of psychosis, such as the delusions and hallucinations seen in schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, and the manic phase of bipolar disorder. Off-label uses include treatment of anxiety and insomnia; aggressive behavior; and delusions, hallucinations, and other disruptive behaviors that sometimes accompany Alzheimer’s disease.

Antipsychotic Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary medical treatment for schizophrenia?

Antipsychotic drugs Signup and view all the answers

What is a major side effect of antipsychotic drugs?

Extrapyramidal symptoms Signup and view all the answers

Which type of antipsychotic drugs causes a greater incidence of extrapyramidal symptoms?

First-generation antipsychotic drugs Signup and view all the answers

_________ includes acute muscular rigidity and cramping, a stiff or thick tongue with difficulty swallowing, and, in severe cases, laryngospasm and respiratory difficulties.

Acute Dystonia Signup and view all the answers

What is the treatment for akathisia?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

Acute Dystonia is most likely to occur in the first week of treatment, in clients younger than 40 years, in males, and in those receiving high-potency drugs such as haloperidol and thiothixene

True Signup and view all the answers

Match

Akathisia = restlessness, anxiety, and agitation due to extrapyramidal symptoms. An intense need to move about, often with rigid posture or gait. Torticollis = twisted head and neck. Opisthotonos = tightness in the entire body with the head back and an arched neck. Oculogyric crisis = eyes rolled back into a locked position. Signup and view all the answers

Immediate treatment for dystonia is anticholinergic drugs, such as intramuscular benztropine mesylate (Cogentin) or intramuscular or intravenous diphenhydramine (Benadryl).

True Signup and view all the answers

________________ is a potentially fatal reaction to an antipsychotic drug including rigidity; high fever; autonomic instability such as unstable blood pressure, diaphoresis, and pallor; delirium; and elevated levels of enzymes, particularly creatine phosphokinase. Clients are usually confused and often mute; they may fluctuate from agitation to stupor.

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) Signup and view all the answers

Treatment for NMS includes immediate discontinuance of all antipsychotic medications and the institution of supportive medical care to treat dehydration and hyperthermia until the client’s physical condition stabilizes.

True Signup and view all the answers

What is a potentially fatal reaction to an antipsychotic drug?

Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome Signup and view all the answers

What is the gold standard for Bipolar 1?

Lithium Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary concern when taking MAOI’s and SSRI’s at the same time? (Symptoms include agitation, sweating, fever, tachycardia, hypotension, rigidity, hyperreflexia, and, in extreme reactions, even coma and death.)

Serotonin Syndrome Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary treatment for alcohol aversion therapy?

Disulfiram Signup and view all the answers

What is the therapeutic recommended level of lithium in the blood?

0.8 to 1.2 mEq/L Signup and view all the answers

Common side effects of lithium therapy include mild nausea or diarrhea, anorexia, fine hand tremor, polydipsia, polyuria, a metallic taste in the mouth, and fatigue or lethargy.

True Signup and view all the answers

Cyclic compounds end in pramine, apine, ptyline, pin, or protiline.

True Signup and view all the answers

______ of lithium are severe diarrhea, vomiting, drowsiness, muscle weakness, and lack of coordination.

Toxic Effects Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible side effect of taking antipsychotics?

Orthostatic hypotension Signup and view all the answers

What is a necessary precaution when taking MAOI’s?

Avoiding foods containing teramine Signup and view all the answers

What is a common side effect of taking SSRI’s?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the syndrome characterized by permanent involuntary movements?

Tardive dyskinesia Signup and view all the answers

What is the type of medication that includes Phenelzine/Nardil, Tranylcypromine/Parnate, and Isocarboxazin/Marplan?

MAOI’s Signup and view all the answers

Cyclic compounds should be taken at night and a missed dose can be taken up to 3 hours later.

True Signup and view all the answers

The nurse is teaching a client taking an MAOI about foods with tyramine that they should avoid. Which statement indicates that the client needs further teaching?

“I’m so glad I can have pizza as long as I don’t order pepperoni.” Signup and view all the answers

A client who has been depressed and suicidal started taking a tricyclic antidepressant 2 weeks ago and is now ready to leave the hospital to go home. Which is a concern for the nurse as discharge plans are finalized?

The nurse will evaluate the risk for suicide by overdose of the tricyclic antidepressant. Signup and view all the answers

The nurse is caring for a client with schizophrenia who is taking haloperidol (Haldol). The client complains of restlessness, cannot sit still, and has muscle stiffness. Of the following prn medications, which would the nurse administer?

Benztropine (Cogentin), 2 mg PO Signup and view all the answers

Client teaching for lamotrigine (Lamictal) should include which instructions?

Report any rashes to your doctor immediately. Signup and view all the answers

Which physician order would the nurse question for a client who has stated, “I’m allergic to phenothiazines?”

Prolixin Signup and view all the answers

Clients taking which type of psychotropic medications need close monitoring of their cardiac status?

Antipsychotics Signup and view all the answers

Psych Chapter 2

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Questions and Answers

Match the Medication with the drug classification

Match the Medication with the drug classification

Match

Which neurotransmitter controls complex movements, motivation, cognition, regulates emotional response, and is implicated in schizophrenia and other psychoses as well as in movement disorders such as Parkinson’s disease?

What is the primary function of Epinephrine?

Which neurotransmitter is the most prevalent neurotransmitter in the nervous system, is located primarily in the brain stem and plays a role in changes in attention, learning and memory, sleep and wakefulness, and mood regulation?

What is the role of Neuropeptides in neurotransmission?

Which neurotransmitter controls food intake, sleep and wakefulness, temperature regulation, pain control, sexual behavior, regulation of emotions and has been found to contribute to the delusions, hallucinations, and withdrawn behavior seen in schizophrenia.

What neurotransmitter results in neurotoxicity if levels are too high, and has been implicated in brain damage caused by stroke, hypoglycemia, sustained hypoxia or ischemia, and some degenerative diseases such as Huntington’s or Alzheimer’s?

Match

Match

Which neurotransmitter system does the third generation antipsychotic drug Aripiprazole/Abilify stabilize?

First-generation antipsychotic drugs Chlorpromazine, Fluphenazine, Thioridazine, Haloperidol, and Loxapine focus on?

Which of the following drugs is not a second-generation antipsychotic?

What is the common feature of Risperidone/Risperdal, Clozapine, and Olanzapine?

How many generations of antipsychotic drugs are mentioned in the text?

What is the primary medical treatment for schizophrenia?

What is a major side effect of antipsychotic drugs?

Which type of antipsychotic drugs causes a greater incidence of extrapyramidal symptoms?

_________ includes acute muscular rigidity and cramping, a stiff or thick tongue with difficulty swallowing, and, in severe cases, laryngospasm and respiratory difficulties.

What is the treatment for akathisia?

Acute Dystonia is most likely to occur in the first week of treatment, in clients younger than 40 years, in males, and in those receiving high-potency drugs such as haloperidol and thiothixene

Match

Immediate treatment for dystonia is anticholinergic drugs, such as intramuscular benztropine mesylate (Cogentin) or intramuscular or intravenous diphenhydramine (Benadryl).

Treatment for NMS includes immediate discontinuance of all antipsychotic medications and the institution of supportive medical care to treat dehydration and hyperthermia until the client’s physical condition stabilizes.

What is a potentially fatal reaction to an antipsychotic drug?

What is the gold standard for Bipolar 1?

What is the primary concern when taking MAOI’s and SSRI’s at the same time? (Symptoms include agitation, sweating, fever, tachycardia, hypotension, rigidity, hyperreflexia, and, in extreme reactions, even coma and death.)

What is the primary treatment for alcohol aversion therapy?

What is the therapeutic recommended level of lithium in the blood?

Common side effects of lithium therapy include mild nausea or diarrhea, anorexia, fine hand tremor, polydipsia, polyuria, a metallic taste in the mouth, and fatigue or lethargy.

Cyclic compounds end in pramine, apine, ptyline, pin, or protiline.

______ of lithium are severe diarrhea, vomiting, drowsiness, muscle weakness, and lack of coordination.

What is a possible side effect of taking antipsychotics?

What is a necessary precaution when taking MAOI’s?

What is a common side effect of taking SSRI’s?

What is the name of the syndrome characterized by permanent involuntary movements?

What is the type of medication that includes Phenelzine/Nardil, Tranylcypromine/Parnate, and Isocarboxazin/Marplan?

Cyclic compounds should be taken at night and a missed dose can be taken up to 3 hours later.

The nurse is teaching a client taking an MAOI about foods with tyramine that they should avoid. Which statement indicates that the client needs further teaching?

A client who has been depressed and suicidal started taking a tricyclic antidepressant 2 weeks ago and is now ready to leave the hospital to go home. Which is a concern for the nurse as discharge plans are finalized?

The nurse is caring for a client with schizophrenia who is taking haloperidol (Haldol). The client complains of restlessness, cannot sit still, and has muscle stiffness. Of the following prn medications, which would the nurse administer?

Client teaching for lamotrigine (Lamictal) should include which instructions?

Which physician order would the nurse question for a client who has stated, “I’m allergic to phenothiazines?”

Clients taking which type of psychotropic medications need close monitoring of their cardiac status?

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