47 Questions
Match the Medication with the drug classification
Clozapine/Clozaril = Atypical antipsychotic Fluoxetine/Prozac = SSRI antidepressant Amitriptyline/Elavil = Tricyclic antidepressant Benzotropine/Cogentin = Anticholinergic
Match the Medication with the drug classification
Methylphenidate/Ritalin = Stimulant Carbamazepine/Tegretol = Anticonvulsant used as a mood stabilizer Clonazepam/Klonopin = Benzodiazepine Quetiapine/Seroquel = Atypical antipsychotic
Match
Frontal Lobe = Thought, body movement, memories, emotions, moral behavior. Parietal Lobe = taste, touch, spatial orientation. Temporal Lobe = smell, hearing, memory, emotional expression. Occipital Lobe = language, visual interpretation such as depth perception.
Which neurotransmitter controls complex movements, motivation, cognition, regulates emotional response, and is implicated in schizophrenia and other psychoses as well as in movement disorders such as Parkinson’s disease?
Dopamine
What is the primary function of Epinephrine?
Initiating the fight-or-flight response
Which neurotransmitter is the most prevalent neurotransmitter in the nervous system, is located primarily in the brain stem and plays a role in changes in attention, learning and memory, sleep and wakefulness, and mood regulation?
Norepinephrine
What is the role of Neuropeptides in neurotransmission?
Enhancing, prolonging, inhibiting, or limiting the effects of principal neurotransmitters
Which neurotransmitter controls food intake, sleep and wakefulness, temperature regulation, pain control, sexual behavior, regulation of emotions and has been found to contribute to the delusions, hallucinations, and withdrawn behavior seen in schizophrenia.
Serotonin
What neurotransmitter results in neurotoxicity if levels are too high, and has been implicated in brain damage caused by stroke, hypoglycemia, sustained hypoxia or ischemia, and some degenerative diseases such as Huntington’s or Alzheimer’s?
Glutamate
Match
Neurotransmitters = chemical substances manufactured in the neuron that aid in the transmission of information throughout the body. Histamine = controls alertness, gastric secretions, cardiac stimulation, peripheral allergic responses. Acetylcholine = controls sleep and wakefulness cycle and signals muscles to become alert. Gamma-aminobutyric acid = modulates other neurotransmitters.
Match
Efficacy = maximal therapeutic effect a drug can achieve. Potency = amount of drug needed for maximum effect. Half-life = time it takes for half of the drug to be removed from the bloodstream. Off-label use = drug may be effective for treating a disease different from one involved in original testing.
Which neurotransmitter system does the third generation antipsychotic drug Aripiprazole/Abilify stabilize?
Dopamine
First-generation antipsychotic drugs Chlorpromazine, Fluphenazine, Thioridazine, Haloperidol, and Loxapine focus on?
Dopamine only
Which of the following drugs is not a second-generation antipsychotic?
Aripiprazole/Abilify
What is the common feature of Risperidone/Risperdal, Clozapine, and Olanzapine?
They focus on serotonin and dopamine
How many generations of antipsychotic drugs are mentioned in the text?
Three
_________ drugs are used to treat the symptoms of psychosis, such as the delusions and hallucinations seen in schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, and the manic phase of bipolar disorder. Off-label uses include treatment of anxiety and insomnia; aggressive behavior; and delusions, hallucinations, and other disruptive behaviors that sometimes accompany Alzheimer’s disease.
Antipsychotic
What is the primary medical treatment for schizophrenia?
Antipsychotic drugs
What is a major side effect of antipsychotic drugs?
Extrapyramidal symptoms
Which type of antipsychotic drugs causes a greater incidence of extrapyramidal symptoms?
First-generation antipsychotic drugs
_________ includes acute muscular rigidity and cramping, a stiff or thick tongue with difficulty swallowing, and, in severe cases, laryngospasm and respiratory difficulties.
Acute Dystonia
What is the treatment for akathisia?
All of the above
Acute Dystonia is most likely to occur in the first week of treatment, in clients younger than 40 years, in males, and in those receiving high-potency drugs such as haloperidol and thiothixene
True
Match
Akathisia = restlessness, anxiety, and agitation due to extrapyramidal symptoms. An intense need to move about, often with rigid posture or gait. Torticollis = twisted head and neck. Opisthotonos = tightness in the entire body with the head back and an arched neck. Oculogyric crisis = eyes rolled back into a locked position.
Immediate treatment for dystonia is anticholinergic drugs, such as intramuscular benztropine mesylate (Cogentin) or intramuscular or intravenous diphenhydramine (Benadryl).
True
________________ is a potentially fatal reaction to an antipsychotic drug including rigidity; high fever; autonomic instability such as unstable blood pressure, diaphoresis, and pallor; delirium; and elevated levels of enzymes, particularly creatine phosphokinase. Clients are usually confused and often mute; they may fluctuate from agitation to stupor.
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS)
Treatment for NMS includes immediate discontinuance of all antipsychotic medications and the institution of supportive medical care to treat dehydration and hyperthermia until the client’s physical condition stabilizes.
True
What is a potentially fatal reaction to an antipsychotic drug?
Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome
What is the gold standard for Bipolar 1?
Lithium
What is the primary concern when taking MAOI’s and SSRI’s at the same time? (Symptoms include agitation, sweating, fever, tachycardia, hypotension, rigidity, hyperreflexia, and, in extreme reactions, even coma and death.)
Serotonin Syndrome
What is the primary treatment for alcohol aversion therapy?
Disulfiram
What is the therapeutic recommended level of lithium in the blood?
0.8 to 1.2 mEq/L
Common side effects of lithium therapy include mild nausea or diarrhea, anorexia, fine hand tremor, polydipsia, polyuria, a metallic taste in the mouth, and fatigue or lethargy.
True
Cyclic compounds end in pramine, apine, ptyline, pin, or protiline.
True
______ of lithium are severe diarrhea, vomiting, drowsiness, muscle weakness, and lack of coordination.
Toxic Effects
What is a possible side effect of taking antipsychotics?
Orthostatic hypotension
What is a necessary precaution when taking MAOI’s?
Avoiding foods containing teramine
What is a common side effect of taking SSRI’s?
All of the above
What is the name of the syndrome characterized by permanent involuntary movements?
Tardive dyskinesia
What is the type of medication that includes Phenelzine/Nardil, Tranylcypromine/Parnate, and Isocarboxazin/Marplan?
MAOI’s
Cyclic compounds should be taken at night and a missed dose can be taken up to 3 hours later.
True
The nurse is teaching a client taking an MAOI about foods with tyramine that they should avoid. Which statement indicates that the client needs further teaching?
“I’m so glad I can have pizza as long as I don’t order pepperoni.”
A client who has been depressed and suicidal started taking a tricyclic antidepressant 2 weeks ago and is now ready to leave the hospital to go home. Which is a concern for the nurse as discharge plans are finalized?
The nurse will evaluate the risk for suicide by overdose of the tricyclic antidepressant.
The nurse is caring for a client with schizophrenia who is taking haloperidol (Haldol). The client complains of restlessness, cannot sit still, and has muscle stiffness. Of the following prn medications, which would the nurse administer?
Benztropine (Cogentin), 2 mg PO
Client teaching for lamotrigine (Lamictal) should include which instructions?
Report any rashes to your doctor immediately.
Which physician order would the nurse question for a client who has stated, “I’m allergic to phenothiazines?”
Prolixin
Clients taking which type of psychotropic medications need close monitoring of their cardiac status?
Antipsychotics
Test your knowledge of medications and their corresponding drug classifications. Match the medication with its correct classification. This quiz is perfect for pharmacy students, nurses, and healthcare professionals.
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