53 Questions
What is the purpose of calculating the amounts of materials needed for the preparation of one or two more suppositories than the number prescribed?
To compensate for the inevitable loss of some material and ensure having enough material
What does the pharmacist need to be certain of when determining the amount of base to be incorporated with the medicaments?
The required amount of drug is provided in each suppository
How can the volume of base be converted to weight?
From the density of the material
When are added amounts of medicaments considered negligible?
When they are slight
What is the purpose of glycerin suppositories?
Relieving constipation
What components are often found in anti-hemorrhoidal suppositories?
Analgesics and soothing emollients
What is the purpose of local vaginal suppositories containing nonoxynol-9?
Contraception
Which material is used as a base to prolong the release of morphine sulfate in slow-release suppositories?
Alginic acid
What is the purpose of moistening the suppositories with water prior to insertion?
To reduce the initial tendency of the base to draw water from the mucous membranes and irritate the tissues
What is the most commonly used polyethylene glycol for suppositories?
PEG 400
Why do PEG suppositories not melt at body temperature?
Because they dissolve slowly in the body's fluids
What do the numeric designations refer to in polyethylene glycols?
The average molecular weight of each of the polymers
What is the displacement value (D.V) defined as?
The quantity of drug that displaces one part of the base
If the density of the drug is less than the density of the base, what will happen?
The drug will displace high amount of base
Using the displacement value method, how much base will be displaced if 0.6g of drug with a displacement value of 1.1 is used?
0.55 g
What is the calculation to determine the amount of base needed using displacement values?
(Total weight of pure base) - (base displaced)
Cocoa butter is a water-soluble suppository base
False
Glycerinated gelatin is a water-soluble suppository base
True
Cocoa butter has wetting and emulsifying properties
True
Suppository bases should remain solid at body temperature
False
PEG suppositories melt at body temperature.
False
Moistening the suppositories with water prior to insertion increases their tendency to irritate the tissues.
False
The numeric designations of polyethylene glycols refer to their chain lengths.
False
PEG 8000 has a melting range of 60°C - 63°C.
True
Cocoa butter releases fat-soluble drugs readily due to its immiscibility with fluids.
False
The pH of rectal fluids is essentially neutral at pH 7.
True
The particle size of a dispersed drug is not a physicochemical factor of the drug.
False
The lipid-water partition coefficient of a drug is not an important consideration in the selection of the suppository base.
False
The displacement value (D.V) is defined as the quantity of base that displaces one part of the drug.
False
If the density of the drug is more than the density of the base, the drug will displace a low amount of base.
False
The displacement value (D.V) for liquids is 1.5.
False
When preparing 8 codeine phosphate suppositories with a displacement value of 1.1 and each suppository containing 60mg of codeine phosphate, the total weight of pure base needed is 9.45g.
True
What weight of base would be displaced by the medicament when preparing the medicated suppositories?
0.55 g
Which factor must be considered in displacement value calculations when using glycero-gelatin base for suppositories?
Density of the drug
What is the most commonly used base for vaginal suppositories?
Polyethylene glycol (PEG)
In the displacement value method, how much base will be displaced if 0.6g of drug with a displacement value of 1.3 is used?
0.55 g
Which type of suppository base is suitable for releasing fat-soluble drugs more readily?
Cocoa butter
What is the main purpose of using a water-soluble or water-miscible suppository base?
Release water-soluble drugs more readily
What characteristic of suppository bases makes cocoa butter superior for relieving irritation or inflammation in anorectal disorders?
Spreads action
What is the primary requisite for a suppository base according to the provided text?
Melts, softens, or dissolves readily at body temperature
Why does the pharmacist calculate the amounts of materials needed for the preparation of one or two more suppositories than the number prescribed?
To compensate for the inevitable loss of some material and ensure having enough material
How can the volume of base required for suppository preparation be determined?
By subtracting the volume of drug substances from the total volume of the mold
Why may added amounts of medicaments be considered negligible in the preparation of suppositories?
If their impact on the volume of base is insignificant
Why is it necessary to convert the volume of base to weight from its density?
To ensure accurate measurement of the base
What should be done to the suppository molds to ensure the desired smoothness of the suppositories?
Clean the molds with care to avoid scratching
How are suppositories prepared using the compression method?
By forcing the mixed mass of base and medicaments into special molds using suppository-making machines
What is the oldest and simplest method of preparing suppositories?
Preparation by hand rolling and shaping
How can suppositories be prepared on a large scale in the compression method?
By using mechanical kneading mixers and a warm mixing vessel
What is the purpose of buffering vaginal suppositories to an acid pH?
To discourage the growth of pathogenic organisms
What makes vaginal tablets more widely used than commercial vaginal suppositories?
They are less messy
What type of substances are commonly found in vaginal tablets (vaginal inserts)?
Lactose, disintegrating agents, and dispersing agents
What is the purpose of the plastic inserter that accompanies vaginal tablets?
To help with the insertion of the tablet within the vagina
Why are many vaginal inserts in the form of gelatin capsules?
To ensure easy release intravaginally
Test your knowledge about the preparation and shaping of suppositories, as well as the determination of base amounts required. Explore the historical aspects and modern practices associated with suppository preparation.
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