Pharmacology Quiz: Pain Management

Questions and Answers

What is the maximum dose of [Name] that can be administered via the intravenous or intraosseous route in an adult experiencing anaphylaxis?

1000 mg

0.5 mg

0.1 mg

2 mg (correct)

In what situation is the use of [Name] contraindicated due to potential for severe side effects?

Severe hepatic impairment (correct)

Headache

Mild to moderate pain

Muscle aches

Which of the following medications is NOT mentioned as potentially interacting with [Name] to potentiate its effects?

Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)

Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)

Levothyroxine sodium

Beta-blockers (correct)

Which of these accurately describes the action of [Name] in the body?

Non-opioid analgesic, antipyretic, and vasoconstrictor Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum weight requirement for administering [Name] orally to a patient?

50 kg Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a listed indication for using [Name] in the prehospital setting?

Severe pain requiring opioid analgesia Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum single dose of epinephrine for a pediatric patient in a cardiac arrest scenario?

0.01 mg Signup and view all the answers

In the case of severe croup, epiglottitis, or bronchiolitis, what is the recommended route of administration for epinephrine?

Intravenous or Intraosseous Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended initial dose of epinephrine for a child with bradycardia or cardiac arrest?

0.01 mg/kg Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended frequency of epinephrine administration for severe croup, epiglottitis, or bronchiolitis?

Every 2-5 minutes Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate duration of effect for epinephrine administered intravenously?

5-10 minutes Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended dose of etomidate for a child weighing 175 lbs?

40 mg Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential adverse effect of etomidate?

Myoclonus Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a contraindication for using etomidate?

Septic shock Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a contraindication or precaution for the use of epinephrine in the context of this content?

Bradycardia Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended dosage of epinephrine for a pediatric patient experiencing anaphylaxis?

0.01 mg/kg IV/IO over 10 minutes Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a direct action of epinephrine as stated in the content?

Increased cardiac preload Signup and view all the answers

According to the content, what is the maximum total dose of epinephrine that can be administered via all routes?

1 mg Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for administering epinephrine in cases of anaphylaxis?

To increase blood pressure and improve cardiovascular function Signup and view all the answers

In the context of cardiogenic shock, why is epinephrine considered an alternative inopressor?

To improve heart contractility and increase blood pressure Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the recommended dilution of epinephrine for IV administration in adults, as described in the content?

10 mcg/mL Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of administering epinephrine in cases of severe hypotension with a mean arterial pressure (MAP) of ≤45 mmHg?

To increase blood pressure and improve tissue perfusion Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Acetaminophen

Non-salicylate antipyretic and non-opioid analgesic
Indications for EMS: mild to moderate pain, headache, muscle aches
Contraindications: severe hepatic impairment or severe dysrhythmias
Side effects: rare severe skin reaction, redness, or rash
Precautions: MOA inhibitors, TCAs, levothyroxine sodium potentiate effects; pregnancy

Epinephrine

Action: vasoconstrictor, increases SVR and BP, stabilizes mast cells and basophils
Indications for EMS: anaphylaxis, severe croup, epiglottitis, bronchiolitis, RSV
Dose: adult anaphylaxis 0.1 mg IVP/IO, ped anaphylaxis 0.01 mg/kg slow IV/IO
Contraindications: hypertension, cardiogenic shock, septic shock
Side effects: severe hypertension, cardiac arrhythmias

Etomidate (Amidate)

Sedative-hypnotic without analgesic activity
Indications for EMS: alternate option to ketamine for sedation in children ≥ 10 and adults prior to ADV airway
Contraindications: septic shock due to adrenal suppression, children 175 lbs
Side effects: myoclonus, respiratory depression, apnea, laryngospasm
Precautions: reduce pain at injection site

Fentanyl

Class: synthetic opioid
Indications for EMS: severe pain (7-10)
Contraindications: intolerance to opioids, AMS (GCS ≤ 5), debilitated, SpO2 < 90% on 15 L O2
Side effects: respiratory depression, hypoventilation, apnea, muscle rigidity, myoclonic movements
Precautions: avoid over sedation, concurrent use of alcohol, benzos, SUD, COPD (respiratory depression)

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Description

This quiz covers the pharmacological aspects of pain management, including acetaminophen and epinephrine, their indications, contraindications, side effects, and precautions.