Pharmacology Quiz on Drug Mechanisms and Properties

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What is the function of Fluorouracil in cancer treatment?

Enhance DNA repair mechanisms

Inhibit thymidylate synthase (correct)

Increase dTMP levels

Promote cell growth

In a healthy human, what is the typical pH range of blood?

7.38-7.42 (correct)

8.1-8.4

6.8-7.0

7.45-7.50

What is the main function of Albumin in human plasma?

Promotes cell division

Binds to acidic and neutral drugs (correct)

Enhances blood clotting

Binds to basic drugs

Why is Pilocarpine delivered as a prodrug at acidic pH?

Enhances tear secretion Signup and view all the answers

Where does the breakdown of proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and whole organelles occur within a cell?

Lysosomes Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Nexium (Esomeprazole) in treating heartburn?

Decreasing stomach acid production Signup and view all the answers

During DNA replication, where are Okazaki fragments formed?

Lagging strand Signup and view all the answers

Which molecule is known for donating H+ ions to solutions?

Phosphorus Signup and view all the answers

What is the main role of Topoisomerase Type I in DNA replication?

Cleaving one DNA strand and rotating the other Signup and view all the answers

Which cytoskeletal component do taxanes bind to for their anticancer effects?

Microtubules Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of histones in regulating gene expression?

Organizing and compacting DNA Signup and view all the answers

Which type of solution is composed of a weak acid and its conjugate base that resists pH changes?

Buffer solution Signup and view all the answers

How does Fluorouracil exert its anti-cancer effect?

By inhibiting thymidylate synthase Signup and view all the answers

What cytoskeletal component does Keratin belong to?

Intermediate filaments Signup and view all the answers

Which cellular process regulates the uptake of Low-density Lipoprotein?

Endocytosis Signup and view all the answers

What type of genetic mutation results in a change in the amino acid sequence of a protein?

Missense mutation Signup and view all the answers

How many amino acids are coded for by an RNA sequence with 2,175 bases, including start and stop codons?

$725$ Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme needed for folic acid synthesis do Sulphonamides selectively inhibit in bacteria?

Dihydropteroate synthetase Signup and view all the answers

What initiates the breakdown of proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and organelles within a cell?

$Lysosomes$ Signup and view all the answers

What causes Adenine and Thymine to be attracted to each other within DNA?

$Hydrogen$ bonding Signup and view all the answers

Where does the conversion of the genetic code into an amino acid sequence occur?

$Translation$ Signup and view all the answers

Which molecule is produced when RNA polymerase transcribes a gene from DNA?

$mRNA$ Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal ratio of [H2CO3]:[HCO3-] in the blood?

1:20 Signup and view all the answers

Which cytoskeletal component do taxanes bind to for their anticancer effects?

Microtubules Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Nexium (Esomeprazole) in treating heartburn?

Inhibits proton pumps Signup and view all the answers

What is the main role of Topoisomerase Type I in DNA replication?

Cleaves one DNA strand and rotates the other strand around before resealing the strand Signup and view all the answers

Which type of solution is composed of a weak acid and its conjugate base that resists pH changes?

Buffer solution Signup and view all the answers

Which molecule is known for donating H+ ions to solutions?

Acids Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step (initiation) in Translation?

The ribosome (large and small subunit) assembles around the mRNA molecule. Signup and view all the answers

What is the binding site and mechanism of action of Streptomycin, an aminoglycoside?

Binds to the 16S rRNA of the 30S subunit and causes misreading of the genetic code, leading to the production of non-functional proteins. Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Topoisomerase Type I in DNA replication?

Cleaves one DNA strand and rotates the other strand around before resealing the strand Signup and view all the answers

Which two anti-cancer drugs are topoisomerase inhibitors?

Topotecan and Irinotecan (Camptosar) Signup and view all the answers

Pharmacology Quiz on Drug Mechanisms and Properties

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Questions and Answers

What is the function of Fluorouracil in cancer treatment?

In a healthy human, what is the typical pH range of blood?

What is the main function of Albumin in human plasma?

Why is Pilocarpine delivered as a prodrug at acidic pH?

Where does the breakdown of proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and whole organelles occur within a cell?

What is the function of Nexium (Esomeprazole) in treating heartburn?

During DNA replication, where are Okazaki fragments formed?

Which molecule is known for donating H+ ions to solutions?

What is the main role of Topoisomerase Type I in DNA replication?

Which cytoskeletal component do taxanes bind to for their anticancer effects?

What is the primary function of histones in regulating gene expression?

Which type of solution is composed of a weak acid and its conjugate base that resists pH changes?

How does Fluorouracil exert its anti-cancer effect?

What cytoskeletal component does Keratin belong to?

Which cellular process regulates the uptake of Low-density Lipoprotein?

What type of genetic mutation results in a change in the amino acid sequence of a protein?

How many amino acids are coded for by an RNA sequence with 2,175 bases, including start and stop codons?

Which enzyme needed for folic acid synthesis do Sulphonamides selectively inhibit in bacteria?

What initiates the breakdown of proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and organelles within a cell?

What causes Adenine and Thymine to be attracted to each other within DNA?

Where does the conversion of the genetic code into an amino acid sequence occur?

Which molecule is produced when RNA polymerase transcribes a gene from DNA?

What is the normal ratio of [H2CO3]:[HCO3-] in the blood?

Which cytoskeletal component do taxanes bind to for their anticancer effects?

What is the function of Nexium (Esomeprazole) in treating heartburn?

What is the main role of Topoisomerase Type I in DNA replication?

Which type of solution is composed of a weak acid and its conjugate base that resists pH changes?

Which molecule is known for donating H+ ions to solutions?

What is the first step (initiation) in Translation?

What is the binding site and mechanism of action of Streptomycin, an aminoglycoside?

What is the function of Topoisomerase Type I in DNA replication?

Which two anti-cancer drugs are topoisomerase inhibitors?

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