Pharmacology Quiz on Drug Mechanisms and Properties
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Questions and Answers

What is the function of Fluorouracil in cancer treatment?

  • Enhance DNA repair mechanisms
  • Inhibit thymidylate synthase (correct)
  • Increase dTMP levels
  • Promote cell growth

In a healthy human, what is the typical pH range of blood?

  • 7.38-7.42 (correct)
  • 8.1-8.4
  • 6.8-7.0
  • 7.45-7.50

What is the main function of Albumin in human plasma?

  • Promotes cell division
  • Binds to acidic and neutral drugs (correct)
  • Enhances blood clotting
  • Binds to basic drugs

Why is Pilocarpine delivered as a prodrug at acidic pH?

<p>Enhances tear secretion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does the breakdown of proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and whole organelles occur within a cell?

<p>Lysosomes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Nexium (Esomeprazole) in treating heartburn?

<p>Decreasing stomach acid production (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During DNA replication, where are Okazaki fragments formed?

<p>Lagging strand (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which molecule is known for donating H+ ions to solutions?

<p>Phosphorus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main role of Topoisomerase Type I in DNA replication?

<p>Cleaving one DNA strand and rotating the other (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cytoskeletal component do taxanes bind to for their anticancer effects?

<p>Microtubules (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of histones in regulating gene expression?

<p>Organizing and compacting DNA (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of solution is composed of a weak acid and its conjugate base that resists pH changes?

<p>Buffer solution (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Fluorouracil exert its anti-cancer effect?

<p>By inhibiting thymidylate synthase (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What cytoskeletal component does Keratin belong to?

<p>Intermediate filaments (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cellular process regulates the uptake of Low-density Lipoprotein?

<p>Endocytosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of genetic mutation results in a change in the amino acid sequence of a protein?

<p>Missense mutation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many amino acids are coded for by an RNA sequence with 2,175 bases, including start and stop codons?

<p>$725$ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme needed for folic acid synthesis do Sulphonamides selectively inhibit in bacteria?

<p>Dihydropteroate synthetase (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What initiates the breakdown of proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and organelles within a cell?

<p>$Lysosomes$ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes Adenine and Thymine to be attracted to each other within DNA?

<p>$Hydrogen$ bonding (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does the conversion of the genetic code into an amino acid sequence occur?

<p>$Translation$ (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which molecule is produced when RNA polymerase transcribes a gene from DNA?

<p>$mRNA$ (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal ratio of [H2CO3]:[HCO3-] in the blood?

<p>1:20 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cytoskeletal component do taxanes bind to for their anticancer effects?

<p>Microtubules (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Nexium (Esomeprazole) in treating heartburn?

<p>Inhibits proton pumps (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main role of Topoisomerase Type I in DNA replication?

<p>Cleaves one DNA strand and rotates the other strand around before resealing the strand (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of solution is composed of a weak acid and its conjugate base that resists pH changes?

<p>Buffer solution (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which molecule is known for donating H+ ions to solutions?

<p>Acids (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step (initiation) in Translation?

<p>The ribosome (large and small subunit) assembles around the mRNA molecule. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the binding site and mechanism of action of Streptomycin, an aminoglycoside?

<p>Binds to the 16S rRNA of the 30S subunit and causes misreading of the genetic code, leading to the production of non-functional proteins. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Topoisomerase Type I in DNA replication?

<p>Cleaves one DNA strand and rotates the other strand around before resealing the strand (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which two anti-cancer drugs are topoisomerase inhibitors?

<p>Topotecan and Irinotecan (Camptosar) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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