Pharmacology Quiz on Anxiolytics and Antipsychotics

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Questions and Answers

Which medication is known for a delayed onset of action, typically taking 1-2 weeks to become effective?

Lorazepam (Ativan)

Hydroxyzine (Vistaril)

Diazepam (Valium)

Buspirone (BuSpar) (correct)

What is a common nursing intervention when administering Lorazepam (Ativan)?

Monitor for sedation and assess for signs of dependence (correct)

Monitor for signs of bronchospasm

Educate about avoiding sudden discontinuation

Assess for improvement in anxiety symptoms

Which of these medications is NOT an anxiolytic?

Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) (correct)

Buspirone (BuSpar)

Clonidine (Catapres)

Propranolol (Inderal)

Which medication is associated with the risk of respiratory depression?

Lorazepam (Ativan) (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following medications may be administered as a sedative?

Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) (B), Hydroxyzine (Vistaril) (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a common nursing consideration when administering Clonidine (Catapres)?

Educate about avoiding sudden discontinuation (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a common side effect of Propranolol (Inderal) that nurses should monitor for?

Bronchospasm (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which medication should be used with caution in patients who are also taking other CNS depressants?

Hydroxyzine (Vistaril) (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which antipsychotic medication is associated with the most significant risk of agranulocytosis?

Clozapine (Clozaril) (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a typical symptom of acute dystonia?

Involuntary movements of the limbs (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which antipsychotic medication requires weekly monitoring of the patient's white blood cell count?

Clozapine (Clozaril) (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential side effect of risperidone (Risperdal) that requires education about proper hydration?

Orthostatic hypotension (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which antipsychotic medication requires education about avoiding grapefruit juice?

Paliperidone (Invega) (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a typical symptom of drug-induced parkinsonianism?

Akathisia (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which antipsychotic medication requires education about avoiding sudden discontinuation?

Fluphenazine (Prolixin) (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following antipsychotic medications is associated with an increased risk of metabolic changes, such as weight gain and metabolic syndrome?

Olanzapine (Zyprexa) (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action for antipsychotic medications in managing symptoms of schizophrenia?

Blocking dopamine receptors, particularly D2 receptors (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a common side effect associated with antipsychotic medication?

Increased energy levels and motivation (C) Signup and view all the answers

During patient teaching about antipsychotic medications, what is a crucial aspect to emphasize regarding side effects?

The importance of reporting any new or worsening side effects to the healthcare provider (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a negative symptom of schizophrenia?

Alogia (poverty of speech) (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of patient teaching regarding antipsychotic medication?

To empower patients to actively participate in their treatment plan and manage side effects. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a core principle of the Recovery Model?

Symptom management (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of the Recovery Model in relation to an individual's strengths?

Building upon existing strengths to promote autonomy and insight. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which intervention is most aligned with the Recovery Model's focus on person-driven recovery?

Encouraging individuals to actively participate in their treatment plans. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of most nursing exams, particularly the NCLEX?

Recognizing cues indicating deteriorating conditions and intervening. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of these are examples of non-therapeutic communication?

Giving advice or interpreting the patient's feelings for them. (D) Signup and view all the answers

The Recovery Model emphasizes the significance of community relationships and support networks. What does this aspect of the Recovery Model primarily aim to achieve?

Promote social integration and a sense of belonging. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which statement BEST reflects the nurse's role in promoting patient recovery within the Recovery Model?

The nurse should collaborate with the patient, their support system, and other healthcare professionals to create and implement a personalized recovery plan. (C) Signup and view all the answers

According to the provided content, which of the following is NOT a key element of therapeutic communication?

Problem-solving (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which ethical principle is compromised when a client with a detailed plan to harm themselves is involuntarily committed?

Autonomy (D) Signup and view all the answers

What are the three stages of the body's reaction to stress, as described in the content?

Alarm, resistance, exhaustion (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the importance of considering psychosocial factors in patient care?

It allows for a more comprehensive and individualized approach to care. (A) Signup and view all the answers

According to the content, what is the key takeaway regarding stress management?

Stress can be influenced by both emotional and physical factors. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a legal or ethical principle discussed in the content?

Justice (D) Signup and view all the answers

Based on the content, what is the primary reason why an individual with a detailed plan to harm themselves might be involuntarily committed?

To undergo psychological evaluation and treatment. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the key message regarding the application of therapeutic communication skills?

They should be used consistently throughout patient interactions. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements accurately describes the onset timing of acute dystonia and tardive dyskinesia?

Tardive dyskinesia develops after long-term use of DRBAs, while acute dystonia can occur within hours to days of starting or increasing the medication. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a symptom associated with acute dystonia?

Lip smacking (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of these statements accurately differentiates the prognosis of acute dystonia and tardive dyskinesia?

Tardive dyskinesia has a higher likelihood of complete remission compared to acute dystonia. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following age groups is more susceptible to developing acute dystonia?

Young adults (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements correctly describes the treatment approaches for acute dystonia and tardive dyskinesia?

Acute dystonia is treated with anticholinergics or antihistamines, while tardive dyskinesia may involve reducing or discontinuing the offending drug or using VMAT2 inhibitors. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Exam Slam - Spring 2025

Exam 1 will be held at the Testing Center from 1:00pm - 4:00pm.
All students begin at 1:00pm.
80 questions in total.
Chapters are listed with number of questions for each.

Topics Covered for Exam 1

Mental Health and Mental Illness (Chapters 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7)
Stress and Adaptation/Psychobiology
Legal and Ethical Basis for Practice
Relationship Development & Therapeutic Communication
Suicide/Crisis Prevention
Recovery Model
Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorders
Anxiety, Obsessive-Compulsive, and Related Disorders

Remediation Activity

Required for those scoring 80 or less on Exam 1.
Detailed instructions can be found in the Assignment Submission module

General Exam Information

Focus on what can harm patients & how to recognize cues that need intervention.
Focus on managing risk & keeping patients safe, not stable.
Nursing school exams (NCLEX included) typically test the ability to recognize potential harm or negative consequences to patients.

Recovery Model (Chapter 20)

Person-driven recovery - individuals control their journey.
Multiple pathways- no one-size-fits-all.
Holistic approach, improving overall wellbeing, not just addressing symptoms.
Strengths-based approach (build on strengths, not just deficits).
Community integration- important for relationships and support.
Don't study the specific models; focus on the interventions listed in Table 20-1 (page 344-45) & nurse-patient collaboration

Therapeutic Communication (Chapter 7)

Tables (7-2 & 7-3) for explanation and examples.
Non-therapeutic techniques (alternative statements as examples).
Active listening, voicing doubt, validation, humor, stigma.
Clarify & refocus clients, understanding different types/tones of communication.
LEAPs concepts from Dr. Touw.

Legal & Ethical (Chapter 5)

Focus on ethical principles and related terms.
Apply knowledge by looking at example scenarios (lectures & slides as a guide are important).
Patient rights, assault & battery, false imprisonment.
Ethical principles (Autonomy, Beneficence, Non-maleficence, veracity).
Duty to warn (assess risk, responsibility).
Civil rights- involuntary/voluntary commitment.
Detailed plan for harm, even without an immediate plan, may be a candidate for involuntary commitment if risk is high.

Stress & Coping (Chapter 1)

Body's response to stress described in stages: alarm, resistance, exhaustion.
Stress management and coping strategies.
Stress is wide-ranging: emotional, physical, environmental.
Recognising stress in patients & how to effectively support them. Use active listening.

Suicide (Chapter 16)

Risk factors : frequency, intensity, duration of suicidal thoughts, plan specifics, lethality, access to means, previous attempts, history (mental illness/substance abuse).
Suicidal inquiry (ideation, plan, behavior, intent).
Protective/Strengths factors: social support systems, reasons for living, cultural/religious discouragements.
Detailed risk factors and potential intervention strategies (review the application of the nursing process- Fig16-1, table 16-2 and table 16-3 -- CARE PLAN).

Anxiety Disorders (Chapter 27)

Focus on Dr Touw's slides and page 571 (Panic, GAD, Agoraphobia).
Don't diagnose medical conditions.
Move through anxiety diagnoses.
Hoarding discussed, avoid diagnosing.
Table 27-3 (outcomes/interventions/rationales) review

Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)

Common symptoms of GAD.
Interventions for anxiety.
Medication options (Buspirone, SSRIs, Benzodiazepines, Beta-Blockers, Antihistamines-Vistaril as an antihistamine).

Medication Management - Anxiolytics

Review Dr Touw's slides & table 24-7 and chapter 4, 61-63, table 4-3.
Difference between & uses/indications of benzodiazepines vs. non-benzodiazepine anxiolytics (lorazepam/Ativan, hydroxyzine/Vistaril).
Know the side effects of various medication categories & how to manage them (monitor for different symptoms (drowsiness, dry mouth, respiratory depression, confusion). Important to educate patient on avoiding alcohol with some drugs)

Schizophrenia (Chapter 24)

Understand the phases and symptoms of schizophrenia, what each signify.
Understand different terms: Differentiate positive from negative symptoms (psychobiology –focus on the dopamine hypothesis, causes of symptoms in patients and how it causes symptoms).
Review concepts: page 474-485 beginning with Disturbed thoughts processes. Review terms related, care plans and nursing interventions. Review the outcome criteria on page 485, and concept maps. Review Psychological treatments: individual, group, CBT, social skills, pet, art, family therapy (page 486-488).

Medication Management - Antipsychotics (Chapter 4 & 24)

Review pages 490, safety issues, interventions.
Review the different antipsychotic medications (action, side effects, indicators)
Focus on medications specifically and their use.
Understand the implications of the drugs – side effects and the assessment of these side effects.
Avoid the AIMS test. The AIMS test is not required for evaluation.

Teaching Patients/SO/Family About Medication Management

Purpose of medications (indications).
When better results are possible.
When to contact their PCP/medical doctor.
How to manage side effects.
When to go to the ER.
How/when to refill prescriptions.

Antipsychotics – Medication Management

Know how different antipsychotic medications act in the body, the side effects to monitor (detailed in pages 22-23).
Be prepared for a test on specific medications, their uses, side effects, monitoring, and considerations (including tardive dyskinesia, extrapyramidal symptoms, acute dystonia/akathisia).

DRBA-induced movement disorders

Understand the various types of movement disorders (acute dystonia, akathisia, Parkinsonism, tardive dyskinesia)
Know the characteristics of each, possible onsets of each, possible symptoms for each (detailed in pages 23-24) .
Understand that tardive dyskinesia can be irreversible, while acute dystonia typically resolves with intervention.

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Test your knowledge on medications used in the treatment of anxiety and psychosis. This quiz covers topics such as medication action time, nursing interventions, side effects, and precautions with specific drugs. Perfect for nursing students and professionals looking to refresh their understanding of pharmacological treatments.