Pharmacology Fundamentals NURS 1060

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Questions and Answers

What is the main goal of drug therapy?

To ensure drugs are only used for recreational purposes

To provide maximum benefit with minimum harm (correct)

To create new diseases through drug interactions

To eliminate all risks associated with taking medication

Which of the following properties is considered the most important for an ideal drug?

Cost-effectiveness

Selectivity (correct)

Potency

Effectiveness

What does the term 'pharmacology' refer to?

The study of drugs and their interactions with living systems (correct)

The study of anatomy and its relationship to health

The study of chemical reactions in non-living systems

The study of human psychology

What is a common misconception about drug safety?

Safety can be guaranteed for every drug Signup and view all the answers

In clinical pharmacology, what is the focus of study?

The study of drugs specifically in humans Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of nursing practice regarding medication administration?

To ensure a culture of safety and minimize human harm Signup and view all the answers

Which concept encompasses the rights and responsibilities of nursing practice?

Legal issues defined by nurse practice acts Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the Controlled Substances Act in nursing?

It regulates the use of legal and illegal drugs Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic is NOT typically associated with drug therapy objectives?

To maximize financial gains for healthcare facilities Signup and view all the answers

What is a key aspect of continuous learning in nursing related to medications?

Identifying accurate sources of drug information Signup and view all the answers

Which pharmacokinetic process involves the way a drug is eliminated from the body?

Drug excretion Signup and view all the answers

Which DEA Schedule includes drugs with the highest potential for abuse and are ILLEGAL in the USA?

Schedule I Signup and view all the answers

What does pharmacodynamics primarily focus on?

How drugs affect the body Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following medications is classified as Schedule II according to the Controlled Substances Act?

Fentanyl Signup and view all the answers

What role does patient adherence play in drug responses?

It influences drug absorption and effectiveness. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about pharmacokinetics is correct?

It refers to how the body affects drugs. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Course Overview

Focus on safe, patient-centered, evidence-based nursing care for adults, guided by Caritas philosophy.
Understanding professional, ethical, and legal guidelines in nursing practice is essential.

Competencies in Nursing

Identifying factors to create a culture of safety in medication administration.
Recognizing legal guidelines related to nursing practice and medication management.

Key Concepts

Safety: Aims to minimize human risk via effective systems and individual performance.
Legal Issues: Define the scope of nursing practice, rights and responsibilities under state nurse practice acts and legal frameworks.

Unit Outcomes

Overview of syllabus, key drug definitions: drug, pharmacology, clinical pharmacology, therapeutics.
Understand important drug characteristics and objectives of drug therapy.
Discuss Controlled Substances Act and FDA Amendments Act.
Learn stages of new drug development and differences between generic and trade name products.
Define over-the-counter drugs and identify reliable drug information sources.
Emphasize commitment to ongoing education regarding medications.

Basic Pharmacology Terms

Drug: Any chemical affecting living processes.
Pharmacology: Study of drugs and interactions with living systems.
Clinical Pharmacology: Focus on drug effects in humans, including diagnosis, prevention, or treatment of diseases.

Therapeutic Objectives of Drug Therapy

Aim to provide maximum benefit while minimizing harm; drugs should alleviate problems without introducing new ones.

Properties of an Ideal Drug

Effectiveness: The drug should elicit a desired response.
Safety: There are no completely safe drugs; all have potential for adverse effects.
Selectivity: Ideal drugs should target only the intended response without side effects, although all drugs can cause adverse reactions.

Factors Affecting Drug Response

Administration Factors: Dosage size, route, and timing impact drug effectiveness.
Pharmacokinetics: How the body affects drugs; includes absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion.
Pharmacodynamics: How drugs affect the body; influenced by physiological and pathological variables, genetics, and drug interactions.

Controlled Substances Act

Established in 1970; initiated creation of DEA (Drug Enforcement Agency) to control drug abuse.
Classifies drugs into schedules based on their abuse potential, ranging from Schedule I (high abuse potential, e.g., heroin) to Schedule V (lower abuse potential, e.g., cough syrup with codeine).

DEA Schedules Overview

Schedule I: No accepted medical use (e.g., heroin).
Schedule II: High potential for abuse with approved medical use (e.g., morphine).
Schedule III: Moderate potential for abuse (e.g., ketamine).
Schedule IV: Lower potential for abuse (e.g., Valium).
Schedule V: Lowest potential for abuse (e.g., cough syrup with codeine).

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Description

This quiz covers the essential principles of pharmacology in nursing, focusing on safe, patient-centered care. It includes discussions on ethical, legal, and professional guidelines necessary for medication administration and factors that contribute to a culture of safety in nursing practice.