Questions and Answers
Analgesics are drugs that relieve ______.
pain
Antacids are used to relieve indigestion and ______.
heartburn
Antihistamines counteract the effects of ______.
histamine
Antidepressants can be categorized into tricyclics, MAO inhibitors, and ______.
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Anticoagulants prevent blood from ______.
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Antibiotics combat ______ infections.
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Antineoplastics are drugs used to treat ______.
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Antipyretics are used to reduce ______.
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Antivirals are drugs used to treat ______ infections.
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Beta-blockers reduce the oxygen needs of the heart by reducing ______ rate.
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Bronchodilators help ease breathing in diseases such as ______.
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Corticosteroids are primarily used as ______ in conditions like arthritis.
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Cough suppressants can soothe throat irritation but do not actually suppress ______.
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Diuretics are useful in treating mild cases of high blood ______.
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Decongestants help relieve nasal stuffiness by reducing swelling of the mucous ______.
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Expectorants stimulate the flow of saliva and promote ______ to eliminate phlegm.
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Study Notes
Analgesics
- Drugs classified as non-narcotic for mild pain relief and narcotic for severe pain relief.
Antacids
- Neutralize stomach acid to alleviate indigestion and heartburn.
Antianxiety Drugs
- Often referred to as anxiolytics, sedatives, or minor tranquilizers; they suppress anxiety and relax muscles.
Antiarrhythmics
- Medications used to manage irregular heartbeats.
Antibacterials & Antibiotics
- Antibacterials treat infections; antibiotics combat bacterial infections, with some being narrow-spectrum (targeting specific bacteria) and others broad-spectrum (effective against a wide range).
Anticoagulants and Thrombolytics
- Anticoagulants prevent blood clotting while thrombolytics dissolve existing blood clots, useful in cases of arterial or venous thrombosis.
Anticonvulsants
- Medications designed to prevent epileptic seizures.
Antidepressants
- Classified mainly into three groups: tricyclics, monoamine oxidase inhibitors, and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs).
Antidiarrheals
- Relieve diarrhea, with two main types: adsorbent substances and drugs that slow bowel contractions.
Antiemetics
- Used to treat nausea and vomiting.
Antifungals
- Target fungal infections, commonly affecting hair, skin, nails, and mucous membranes.
Antihistamines
- Primarily counteract the effects of histamine involved in allergic reactions.
Antihypertensives
- Lower blood pressure; include diuretics, beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, ACE inhibitors, centrally acting antihypertensives, and sympatholytics.
Anti-Inflammatories
- Reduce inflammation characterized by redness, heat, swelling; used in conditions like rheumatoid arthritis and gout.
Antineoplastics
- Medications utilized in cancer treatment.
Antipsychotics
- Used for severe psychiatric disorders; also known as major tranquilizers.
Antipyretics
- Drugs that help reduce fever.
Antivirals
- Treat viral infections or provide temporary protection against viruses, such as influenza.
Barbiturates
- Known as sleeping drugs, used for inducing sleep.
Beta-Blockers
- Reduce heart oxygen demand by decreasing heart rate.
Bronchodilators
- Expand bronchial tubes; beneficial for easing breathing in asthma patients.
Cold Cures
- No cure for colds exists; alleviation can be achieved with aspirin or acetaminophen combined with decongestants, antihistamines, and caffeine.
Corticosteroids
- Serve primarily as anti-inflammatories in conditions like arthritis or asthma, also used to treat some cancers and adrenal insufficiencies.
Cough Suppressants
- Soothe throat irritation; actual cough suppressants include codeine and dextromethorphan alongside mucolytics and expectorants which help manage phlegm.
Cytotoxics
- Kill or damage cells; used as antineoplastics and immunosuppressives.
Decongestants
- Reduce nasal mucous membrane swelling by constricting blood vessels, alleviating stuffiness.
Diuretics
- Increase urine production to eliminate excess bodily fluid, beneficial for treating fluid retention and mild hypertension.
Expectorants
- Stimulate saliva flow and promote coughing to clear phlegm from the respiratory tract.
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Description
Test your knowledge on various drug classifications including analgesics, antacids, and antidepressants. This quiz covers the mechanisms of action and uses of different medications. Perfect for students in pharmacology courses or anyone interested in understanding common medications.
