Pharmacology: Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics

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Questions and Answers

What is the process by which a drug is absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and eliminated from the body?

Receptor binding

Pharmacokinetics (correct)

Pharmacodynamics

Signal transduction

Which of the following is a type of protein target for drug binding?

Enzyme

Receptor

Channel

All of the above (correct)

What is the process by which a drug interacts with a receptor to produce a response?

Elimination

Absorption

Signal transduction (correct)

Metabolism

What is the process by which a drug binds to a receptor, preventing another drug from producing a response?

Drug antagonism Signup and view all the answers

What is the study of the effects of drugs on the body?

Pharmacodynamics Signup and view all the answers

What is therapeutics primarily concerned with?

Using drugs to prevent or cure disease Signup and view all the answers

What is toxicology a branch of?

Pharmacology Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of toxicology?

Analyzing the effects of chemicals on entire ecosystems Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between therapeutics and toxicology?

Therapeutics focuses on the beneficial effects of chemicals, while toxicology focuses on the harmful effects Signup and view all the answers

What do therapeutics and toxicology have in common?

They both deal with the effects of chemicals on living systems Signup and view all the answers

What route of drug administration includes intravenous?

Parenteral Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of parenteral route?

Oral Signup and view all the answers

What type of parenteral route is used for insulin administration?

Subcutaneous Signup and view all the answers

Which parenteral route involves administration into a blood vessel?

Intravenous Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for administration into an artery?

Intra-arterial Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the difficulties in delivering a drug intravenously?

Finding a suitable vein Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to respond rapidly when delivering a drug intravenously?

To prevent toxic effects Signup and view all the answers

What is a requirement for delivering a drug intravenously?

Trained personnel Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential risk of rapid intravenous drug delivery?

Toxicity Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to have trained personnel when delivering a drug intravenously?

To prevent toxic effects Signup and view all the answers

What is the source of penicillins?

Microbes Signup and view all the answers

What is the source of iron?

Earth and soil Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a chemically synthesized drug?

Pethidine Signup and view all the answers

What is the source of beef insulin?

Beef Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a source of minerals?

Beef insulin Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Pharmacology Branches

Pharmacokinetics involves Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, and Elimination
Pharmacodynamics involves Protein targets for drug binding, Receptor types, Signal transduction, and Drug antagonism

Drug Sources

Natural sources:
- Animal (e.g. beef insulin)
- Microbes (e.g. penicillins)
- Earth and soil (e.g. minerals: iron, calcium, sulfur, and potassium)
Chemical Synthesis (man-made) (e.g. pethidine and sulphonamides)

Therapeutics and Toxicology

Therapeutics: using drugs to prevent, diagnose, or cure disease
Toxicology: studying undesirable effects of chemicals on living systems, from individual cells to complex ecosystems

Routes of Drug Administration

Parenteral Administration

Intravenous (I.V)
Intra-arterial
Intracardiac
Subcutaneous (S.C, e.g. insulin)
Challenges:
- Difficulty finding a suitable vein
- Risk of rapid response and toxicity
- Requires trained personnel

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Description

Test your understanding of pharmacokinetics, including absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination, as well as pharmacodynamics, including protein targets, receptor types, signal transduction, and drug antagonism.