Pharmacology of β2 Adrenergic Agonists
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary outcome of bronchodilation achieved by β2 adrenergic receptor agonists?

  • Decrease in Forced Expiratory Volume (FEV1)
  • Relaxation of respiratory smooth muscle (SM) (correct)
  • Decrease in Peak Expiratory Flow (PEF)
  • Increase in membrane hyperpolarization

    • Which is a common adverse effect associated with β2 adrenergic receptor agonists?

  • Acute myocardial infarction (MI)
  • Hyperglycemia
  • Tachyarrhythmias
  • Nervousness (correct)

    • What serious cardiovascular condition can result from the use of β2 adrenergic receptor agonists?

  • Dehydration
  • Atrial fibrillation (A.Fib) (correct)
  • Acute bronchospasm
  • Respiratory failure

    • Which of the following describes an important contraindication for the use of LABA inhalation powders?

    <p>To use without other long-term asthma control medications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What common precaution should be discussed with patients regarding the use of β2 adrenergic receptor agonists?

    <p>Paradoxical bronchospasm may occur</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the primary warnings associated with terbutaline sulfate use?

    <p>Serious adverse reactions including death have been reported</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the potency of t-butyl compare to metaproterenol?

    <p>t-butyl has 3-fold greater potency than metaproterenol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the duration of action (DOA) for metaproterenol?

    <p>2-6 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about salmeterol is true?

    <p>It is a long-acting β2-selective agonist indicated for asthma and COPD.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the half-life of terbutaline sulfate when taken orally?

    <p>3 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which short-acting beta-adrenergic receptor agonist is commonly used as a bronchodilator?

    <p>Albuterol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common characteristic of long-acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMA)?

    <p>They are used for chronic management of COPD.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following agents is indicated as a combination treatment for asthma?

    <p>Budesonide/formoterol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which systemic corticosteroid is commonly used for severe asthma exacerbations?

    <p>Dexamethasone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which β-blocker is considered safer for patients with asthma or COPD?

    <p>Atenolol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do leukotriene antagonists play in asthma management?

    <p>They reduce inflammation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication is classified as a methylxanthine used in asthma management?

    <p>Theophylline</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a long-acting beta-adrenergic receptor agonist (LABA) used in asthma treatment?

    <p>Salmeterol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following medications is an IgE antibody?

    <p>Omalizumab</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication is a long-acting beta-agonist (LABA) indicated for asthma and COPD?

    <p>Salmeterol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following medications should be avoided in patients with bronchospasm conditions like asthma?

    <p>Propranolol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which combination agent contains both a long-acting beta-agonist and an inhaled corticosteroid?

    <p>Trelegy Ellipta</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication is a SAMA used for its bronchodilator effects?

    <p>Ipratropium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which agent is known for its long duration of action and is typically dosed twice daily?

    <p>Salmeterol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following agents is a non-catecholamine?

    <p>Salmeterol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a unique aspect of the medication Dupixent (dupilumab)?

    <p>It is an interleukin antagonist</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes Vilanterol in terms of dosing frequency?

    <p>Given once daily</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following medications is not a combination of LABA and ICS?

    <p>Anoro Ellipta</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the immediate response in asthma pathogenesis characterized by?

    <p>Release of histamine and bronchoconstriction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a consequence of untreated asthma?

    <p>Narrowed and hyper-responsive airways</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens during the late phase reaction in asthma?

    <p>Eosinophils infiltrate the airway</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which pharmacological management option is classified as a maintenance treatment?

    <p>Inhaled corticosteroids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does GINA recommend regarding the treatment of asthma for adults and adolescents?

    <p>Low dose ICS-containing controller treatment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mediator is NOT involved in the immediate phase response of asthma?

    <p>Cytokines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structural change is associated with the remodeling of lung tissue in asthma?

    <p>Sub-epithelial fibrosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of treatment is an inhaled short-acting β2-adrenergic agonist primarily used for?

    <p>Rescue or reversal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common symptom of asthma due to airway inflammation?

    <p>Shortness of breath</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is bronchial hyper-responsiveness indicative of in asthma patients?

    <p>Overreaction to environmental triggers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key approach to take when noticing a decline in performance despite using previous study methods?

    <p>Reassess your study approach and identify the root cause.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is time management emphasized in the context of studying for iMCP3?

    <p>Improper time allocation can negatively impact overall academic performance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should study guides be treated throughout the pharmacy curriculum?

    <p>Keep and enhance them to build on previous knowledge.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a crucial reason for avoiding complacency in a pharmacy program?

    <p>Each course introduces new challenges requiring adaptability.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following strategies is discouraged when facing difficulties in coursework?

    <p>Procrastinating until deadlines are near.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can enhance the learning process in pharmacotherapy courses?

    <p>Brushing up on notes from previous courses for context.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should a student do if they realize their study techniques are no longer effective?

    <p>Meet with faculty to address the issue and seek advice.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In terms of continuous improvement, what should a pharmacy student prioritize?

    <p>Identifying and adjusting study approaches based on performance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    In-Class Patient Cases Assignment

    • On-ground class: Thursday, January 16th, 8:30 AM
    • Hybrid class: Friday, January 17th, 8:30 AM
    • Cases will be released by Wednesday.
    • Students must participate for the entire duration of the session.
    • Accurate response rate of >90% for >90% of questions is required for full credit.
    • MA 2025

    Pharmacology of Asthma and COPD Management (Part 1)

    • Course taught by Maha Abdalla, PharmD, PhD, RPh
    • Associate Professor of Pharmaceutical Sciences
    • Email: [email protected]
    • Office Room: 276
    • Phone: (865)288-5837
    • Office Hours: Tuesdays and Thursdays, 9:00 AM - 12:00 PM, or by appointment.
    • MA 2025

    Asthma Pathogenesis

    • Definition: a hyper-responsive state of airways to stimuli, resulting in reversible bronchospasm and airway inflammation
    • Biphasic asthma response: two stages
      • Early acute phase reaction: mast cells and basophils release mediators like histamine, prostaglandins, and leukotrienes, leading to smooth muscle contraction and bronchoconstriction
      • Late phase reaction: involves infiltration of the airways by eosinophils and other cytokine-secreting leukocytes, causing chronic inflammation and structural changes in the airways.
    • Outcome: Chronic inflammation and airway remodeling including: mucus hypersecretion, remodeling of lung tissue, sub-epithelial fibrosis, epithelial shedding, airway smooth muscle hypertrophy and hyperplasia, angiogenesis
    • Triggers: allergens (mold, pollen, dust mites, pet dander), upper respiratory tract viral infections, exercise and hyperventilation, cold air or sudden temperature changes, drugs (beta-blockers, aspirin, NSAIDs) and some irritants (cigarette smoke, air pollution, chemicals)
    • Risk factors: endogenous factors (genetic predisposition, atopy, airway hyper-responsiveness, gender, ethnicity) and environmental factors (outdoor allergens, indoor allergens, occupational sensitizers, passive smoking, respiratory infections, obesity, early viral infections)

    Inhaler Therapy for Asthma

    • SABAs (short-acting beta agonists): albuterol (various brand names), levalbuterol, epinephrine
    • SAMAs (short-acting muscarinic antagonists): ipratropium
    • LABAs (long-acting beta agonists): salmeterol, formoterol, vilanterol
    • LAMAS (long-acting muscarinic antagonists): tiotropium
    • Corticosteroids (inhaled and oral): fluticasone, beclomethasone, budesonide
    • Leukotriene antagonists: montelukast
    • IgE antibody: Omalizumab (Xolair)
    • Interleukin antagonist: Reslizumab, Mepolizumab, Benralizumab, Dupilumab
    • Cromolyns: Cromolyn sodium

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    Asthma & COPD Management (Part 1) - MA 2025 - PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on the pharmacological effects, uses, and precautions related to β2 adrenergic receptor agonists. This quiz covers important aspects of bronchodilation, adverse effects, and key contraindications. Ideal for students in pharmacology or healthcare-related fields.

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