Questions and Answers
What is the brand name of Triamterene/Hydrochlorothiazide?
What is the drug class of Triamterene/Hydrochlorothiazide?
Potassium Sparing/Thiazide Diuretic Combination
What is the dosing for Triamterene/Hydrochlorothiazide?
Edema: 37.5 mg/25 mg, 1-2 tablets or capsules po daily; Hypertension: 37.5 mg/25 mg, 1 tablet or capsule po daily, may titrate to 75 mg/50 mg po daily
What is the MOA of Triamterene/Hydrochlorothiazide?
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Is there a dose adjustment required for renal function in Triamterene/Hydrochlorothiazide?
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Are there pharmacogenetics for Triamterene/Hydrochlorothiazide?
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What are the contraindications for Triamterene/Hydrochlorothiazide?
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What are the boxed warnings for Triamterene/Hydrochlorothiazide?
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What are the drug interactions with Triamterene/Hydrochlorothiazide?
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What are common adverse reactions to Triamterene/Hydrochlorothiazide?
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What are rare but serious adverse reactions to Triamterene/Hydrochlorothiazide?
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What are the efficacy monitoring parameters for Triamterene/Hydrochlorothiazide?
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What are the toxicity monitoring parameters for Triamterene/Hydrochlorothiazide?
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Study Notes
Brand Names
- Triamterene/Hydrochlorothiazide is marketed as Dyazide and Maxzide.
Drug Classification
- It belongs to the Potassium Sparing/Thiazide Diuretic Combination class.
Dosing Information
- For Edema: Administer 37.5 mg/25 mg, 1-2 tablets/capsules once daily.
- For Hypertension: Start with 37.5 mg/25 mg, 1 tablet/capsule once daily; titrate to a maximum of 75 mg/50 mg as needed.
Mechanism of Action
- Triamterene works in the distal tubular lumen, impacting sodium exchange for potassium and hydrogen, leading to a mild diuresis independent of aldosterone.
- Hydrochlorothiazide increases sodium and chloride excretion by hindering reabsorption in the nephron, resulting in urine that is mildly concentrated.
Renal Dose Adjustment
- Renal dose adjustments are necessary for this medication.
Pharmacogenetics
- There are no known pharmacogenetic considerations for this drug combination.
Contraindications
- Contraindicated in patients with hypersensitivity to hydrochlorothiazide, sulfonamides, or triamterene.
- Avoid use with potassium supplements, potassium-containing salt substitutes, other potassium-sparing diuretics, or in patients with anuria, renal insufficiency, or hyperkalemia.
Boxed Warnings
- Notable risks include hyperkalemia and an increased risk of skin cancer.
Drug Interactions
- Interactions may occur with Aliskiren, ACE inhibitors, angiotensin-receptor blockers, other potassium-sparing diuretics, Eplerenone, potassium supplements, salt substitutes, calcium supplements, antidiabetic medications, and NSAIDs.
Common Adverse Reactions
- Side effects often include hypotension, dizziness, and headache.
Rare but Serious Adverse Reactions
- Serious side effects can involve cardiac arrhythmias, hepatitis, hyperkalemia, gout, pancreatitis, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, and decreased visual acuity.
Efficacy Monitoring Parameters
- Monitor for decreased blood pressure and reductions in edema as indicators of efficacy.
Toxicity Monitoring Parameters
- Regularly check serum and urine electrolytes (calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium) and renal function (creatinine levels and urine output).
- Look for increased serum uric acid or blood glucose levels, and seek medical help for skin rash, jaundice, decreased urine output, or gout symptoms.
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Description
This quiz covers the pharmacology of the potassium-sparing and thiazide diuretic combination, Triamterene/Hydrochlorothiazide. It includes brand names, dosing information, mechanisms of action, renal dose adjustments, and contraindications. Test your understanding of this medication's therapeutic uses and pharmacokinetics.
