Pharmacology of Reproductive Tract Infections and STDs
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Questions and Answers

What is the most common way neonatal infections are acquired?

  • Through breast milk
  • During passage through an infected cervix or vagina (correct)
  • Through airborne transmission
  • Through contact with an infected healthcare worker

    • Which of the following STDs can be transmitted transplacentally?

  • Gonorrhea
  • HIV/AIDS
  • Syphilis (correct)
  • Chlamydia

    • What is a common complication of STDs in pregnant women?

  • Increased risk of cancer
  • Transmission to the fetus
  • Maternal and infant health problems
  • All of the above (correct)

    • What is the type of organism that causes Bacterial Vaginosis?

    <p>Anaerobic bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following STDs is associated with an increased risk of cancer?

    <p>HPV</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the infection that occurs when an infant is infected with syphilis during pregnancy?

    <p>Congenital syphilis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which gender has a higher incidence of STDs?

    <p>Men</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the infection that occurs when the reproductive organs are damaged?

    <p>Pelvic Inflammatory Disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of Bacterial Vaginosis?

    <p>An imbalance of naturally occurring bacteria in the vagina</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended treatment for Bacterial Vaginosis in pregnant women?

    <p>Metronidazole in all symptomatic pregnant women</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of action of Metronidazole?

    <p>Disrupting DNA by inhibiting nucleic acid synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary risk associated with Chlamydia trachomatis infection in women?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the preferred treatment for Chlamydia trachomatis in pregnancy?

    <p>Azithromycin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of Gonorrhea?

    <p>Neisseria gonorrhoeae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended treatment for Chlamydia trachomatis in neonates and infants?

    <p>Erythromycin and Azithromycin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect of Clindamycin on bacterial infections?

    <p>Suppressing protein synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary method of preventing ophthalmic gonococcal infections in neonates?

    <p>Instillation of erythromycin ophthalmic ointment into the newborn's eyes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended regimen for treating antimicrobial-resistant N. gonorrhoeae?

    <p>Ceftriaxone + Azithromycin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary symptom of gonococcal infection in men?

    <p>Urethral discharge and testicular pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)?

    <p>Sexually transmitted organisms, especially N. gonorrhoeae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the alternative regimen for treating antimicrobial-resistant N. gonorrhoeae if Ceftriaxone is not available?

    <p>Cefixime + Azithromycin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of monotherapy with high-dose azithromycin?

    <p>Increased risk of resistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is dual therapy recommended for treating antimicrobial-resistant N. gonorrhoeae?

    <p>To reduce the risk of resistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the common characteristic of antimicrobial-resistant N. gonorrhoeae?

    <p>Resistance to multiple antibiotics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of empiric treatment in Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)?

    <p>To provide broad-spectrum coverage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bacterium is known to cause tubal and epithelial destruction?

    <p>Bacteroides fragilis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended treatment approach for sex partners of individuals with PID?

    <p>Screening only for chlamydia and gonorrhea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of cephalosporins?

    <p>Inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mode of transmission for Hepatitis A?

    <p>Fecal-oral contact or contamination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common type of genital herpes?

    <p>HSV-2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of treatment on genital herpes?

    <p>Reduces symptoms and decreases transmission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common side effect of antiviral medication for genital herpes?

    <p>Nausea and vomiting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of cervical cancers are caused by HPV 16 and 18?

    <p>66%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between the bivalent and quadravalent HPV vaccines?

    <p>One covers more HPV types than the other</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of untreated congenital syphilis or tertiary syphilis?

    <p>Saddle nose deformity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the stage of syphilis characterized by a skin rash and mucocutaneous lesions?

    <p>Secondary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the HPV vaccine?

    <p>To prevent cervical cancer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the percentage of cervical cancer caused by the additional HPV types covered by the 9-valent vaccine?

    <p>15%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the primary stage of syphilis?

    <p>Painless sore</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommendation for sexual partners of individuals with syphilis?

    <p>They should be tested and treated</p> Signup and view all the answers

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