Pharmacology of Reproductive Tract Infections and STDs
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Questions and Answers

What is the most common way neonatal infections are acquired?

  • Through breast milk
  • During passage through an infected cervix or vagina (correct)
  • Through airborne transmission
  • Through contact with an infected healthcare worker

Which of the following STDs can be transmitted transplacentally?

  • Gonorrhea
  • HIV/AIDS
  • Syphilis (correct)
  • Chlamydia

What is a common complication of STDs in pregnant women?

  • Increased risk of cancer
  • Transmission to the fetus
  • Maternal and infant health problems
  • All of the above (correct)

What is the type of organism that causes Bacterial Vaginosis?

<p>Anaerobic bacteria (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following STDs is associated with an increased risk of cancer?

<p>HPV (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the infection that occurs when an infant is infected with syphilis during pregnancy?

<p>Congenital syphilis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which gender has a higher incidence of STDs?

<p>Men (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the infection that occurs when the reproductive organs are damaged?

<p>Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of Bacterial Vaginosis?

<p>An imbalance of naturally occurring bacteria in the vagina (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended treatment for Bacterial Vaginosis in pregnant women?

<p>Metronidazole in all symptomatic pregnant women (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of Metronidazole?

<p>Disrupting DNA by inhibiting nucleic acid synthesis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary risk associated with Chlamydia trachomatis infection in women?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the preferred treatment for Chlamydia trachomatis in pregnancy?

<p>Azithromycin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of Gonorrhea?

<p>Neisseria gonorrhoeae (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended treatment for Chlamydia trachomatis in neonates and infants?

<p>Erythromycin and Azithromycin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of Clindamycin on bacterial infections?

<p>Suppressing protein synthesis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary method of preventing ophthalmic gonococcal infections in neonates?

<p>Instillation of erythromycin ophthalmic ointment into the newborn's eyes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended regimen for treating antimicrobial-resistant N. gonorrhoeae?

<p>Ceftriaxone + Azithromycin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary symptom of gonococcal infection in men?

<p>Urethral discharge and testicular pain (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)?

<p>Sexually transmitted organisms, especially N. gonorrhoeae (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the alternative regimen for treating antimicrobial-resistant N. gonorrhoeae if Ceftriaxone is not available?

<p>Cefixime + Azithromycin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of monotherapy with high-dose azithromycin?

<p>Increased risk of resistance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is dual therapy recommended for treating antimicrobial-resistant N. gonorrhoeae?

<p>To reduce the risk of resistance (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the common characteristic of antimicrobial-resistant N. gonorrhoeae?

<p>Resistance to multiple antibiotics (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of empiric treatment in Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)?

<p>To provide broad-spectrum coverage (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which bacterium is known to cause tubal and epithelial destruction?

<p>Bacteroides fragilis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended treatment approach for sex partners of individuals with PID?

<p>Screening only for chlamydia and gonorrhea (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of cephalosporins?

<p>Inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mode of transmission for Hepatitis A?

<p>Fecal-oral contact or contamination (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common type of genital herpes?

<p>HSV-2 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of treatment on genital herpes?

<p>Reduces symptoms and decreases transmission (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common side effect of antiviral medication for genital herpes?

<p>Nausea and vomiting (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of cervical cancers are caused by HPV 16 and 18?

<p>66% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between the bivalent and quadravalent HPV vaccines?

<p>One covers more HPV types than the other (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of untreated congenital syphilis or tertiary syphilis?

<p>Saddle nose deformity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the stage of syphilis characterized by a skin rash and mucocutaneous lesions?

<p>Secondary (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the HPV vaccine?

<p>To prevent cervical cancer (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the percentage of cervical cancer caused by the additional HPV types covered by the 9-valent vaccine?

<p>15% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the primary stage of syphilis?

<p>Painless sore (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommendation for sexual partners of individuals with syphilis?

<p>They should be tested and treated (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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