6 Questions
What is the primary reason for decreased egg quality and quantity with age in females?
Decreased ovarian reserve
What is the primary benefit of hormonal methods of family planning?
High effectiveness rate
What is the primary benefit of IUDs as a family planning method?
High effectiveness rate
What is the primary risk associated with advanced maternal age?
Increased risk of chromosomal abnormalities
What is the primary benefit of natural family planning methods?
Non-invasive and non-hormonal
What is the primary difference between bacterial and viral STDs?
Bacterial STDs are curable, while viral STDs are not
Study Notes
Effects of Aging on the Reproductive System
-
Female Reproductive System:
- Decreased egg quality and quantity with age
- Increased risk of chromosomal abnormalities (e.g., Down syndrome) with advanced maternal age
- Decreased ovarian reserve and follicle count with age
- Menopause: cessation of menstruation, typically around 50-55 years old
-
Male Reproductive System:
- Decreased sperm quality and quantity with age
- Decreased testosterone levels with age
- Increased risk of erectile dysfunction with age
- Prostate gland enlargement with age, potentially leading to urinary issues
Family Planning
-
Types of Family Planning Methods:
-
Hormonal Methods:
- Oral contraceptives (birth control pills)
- Contraceptive patches
- Intrauterine devices (IUDs)
- Injectables
-
Barrier Methods:
- Condoms
- Diaphragms
- Spermicides
-
Intrauterine Devices (IUDs):
- Copper IUDs
- Hormonal IUDs
-
Surgical Methods:
- Vasectomy (male sterilization)
- Tubal ligation (female sterilization)
-
Natural Methods:
- Rhythm method
- Basal body temperature method
- Cervical mucus method
-
Hormonal Methods:
-
Effectiveness:
- Hormonal methods: 91-99% effective
- Barrier methods: 80-95% effective
- IUDs: 99% effective
- Surgical methods: 99% effective
- Natural methods: 75-90% effective
Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs)
-
Types of STDs:
-
Bacterial STDs:
- Chlamydia
- Gonorrhea
- Syphilis
-
Viral STDs:
- Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
- Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)
- Human Papillomavirus (HPV)
-
Parasitic STDs:
- Pubic lice (crabs)
- Scabies
-
Bacterial STDs:
-
Transmission and Prevention:
- Transmission: sexual contact, including vaginal, anal, and oral sex
- Prevention: condoms, abstinence, monogamy, and getting tested regularly
-
Symptoms and Diagnosis:
- Varying symptoms, including genital lesions, discharge, and pain
- Diagnosis: physical examination, laboratory tests, and imaging studies
-
Treatment and Management:
- Antibiotics for bacterial STDs
- Antiviral medications for viral STDs
- Topical treatments for parasitic STDs
- Behavioral changes to prevent transmission
Test your knowledge of the effects of aging on the reproductive system, different types of family planning methods, and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) including their types, transmission, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment.
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