Pharmacology of NSAIDs and Analgesics

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Questions and Answers

What is a potential side effect of using NSAIDs?

Decreased heart rate

Weight gain

Improved kidney function

Skin irritation (correct)

Which NSAID has a half-life of around 2-4 hours?

Naproxen

Ketorolac

Ibuprofen (correct)

Aspirin

What can increase the risk of cardiovascular events when using NSAIDs?

Short-term usage

Frequent food intake

Long-term use of selective COX-2 inhibitors (correct)

Concomitant use of antibiotics

What is the primary mechanism of action for benzocaine?

Blocking pain by interfering with nerve conduction Signup and view all the answers

How are most NSAIDs primarily excreted from the body?

Through the kidneys Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential serious side effect of benzocaine in children?

Methemoglobinemia Signup and view all the answers

What is a common method of administration for oral formulations containing analgesics?

Gastrointestinal absorption Signup and view all the answers

Which factor may slow down the absorption rate of NSAIDs?

Food intake Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following risks is associated with combining acetaminophen with opioids?

Increased risk of liver damage Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible hepatic effect from NSAID use?

Liver toxicity Signup and view all the answers

What gastrointestinal issues can arise from prolonged use of NSAIDs?

Stomach ulcers and bleeding Signup and view all the answers

What role do NSAIDs play in mood and pain perception?

They can improve mood by alleviating pain and inflammation. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following can result from combining analgesics with antihistamines?

Drowsiness and dizziness Signup and view all the answers

What is a risk specifically associated with the long-term use of NSAIDs?

Kidney damage Signup and view all the answers

What is an important consideration when using combination products containing opioids?

Risk of dependence and addiction Signup and view all the answers

What does psychopharmacology study?

Effects of drugs on the mind and behavior Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of contingency management in behavioral therapy?

To reinforce positive behaviors Signup and view all the answers

What does the Community Reinforcement Approach (CRA) focus on?

Treating the individual holistically Signup and view all the answers

What term describes the co-occurrence of mental health disorders and substance use disorders?

Dual Diagnosis Signup and view all the answers

How can stimulant withdrawal affect an individual's mental health?

It may cause heightened anxiety and paranoia Signup and view all the answers

What is an effective approach for treating dual diagnosis?

Using a combination of pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is considered a biological risk factor for addiction?

Genetic variations affecting neurotransmitter systems Signup and view all the answers

What psychological risk factor can increase the likelihood of substance abuse?

Mental health disorders like depression Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an environmental risk factor for substance use disorders?

Exposure to substance use in the home Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary use of opioids in pain management?

Severe pain relief after surgery or injury Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common side effect of opioids?

Constipation Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action for capsaicin in pain relief?

Depleting substance P Signup and view all the answers

Which analgesic is specifically indicated for neurogenic pain conditions?

Capsaicin Signup and view all the answers

In what form is lidocaine commonly used for pain management?

Topical application Signup and view all the answers

Which side effect is associated with the muscle relaxant cyclobenzaprine?

Drowsiness Signup and view all the answers

What is the main benefit of using trolamine salicylate compared to traditional salicylates?

Reduced gastrointestinal side effects Signup and view all the answers

Which other analgesics fall outside the traditional categories but are commonly used?

Topical analgesics Signup and view all the answers

What role does dopamine play in the brain's reward system?

It regulates pleasure, reinforcement learning, and motivation. Signup and view all the answers

What is dopamine receptor downregulation?

The reduction of dopamine receptors following prolonged substance use. Signup and view all the answers

How does chronic alcohol use affect mood disorders?

It can cause or exacerbate depression. Signup and view all the answers

What cognitive impairments are associated with chronic stimulant abuse?

Long-lasting memory deficits and cognitive distortions. Signup and view all the answers

What psychotic symptoms can result from chronic stimulant use?

Hallucinations, delusions, and paranoia. Signup and view all the answers

What is a direct consequence of the altered dopamine system in addiction?

The cycling behavior of seeking the substance despite negative outcomes. Signup and view all the answers

Which neurotransmitter's levels are primarily impacted by both alcohol and stimulant abuse in relation to mood disorders?

Serotonin Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about alcohol-induced psychosis is true?

It can lead to hallucinations and confusion, especially during withdrawal. Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant risk associated with the use of methadone?

Excessive sedation Signup and view all the answers

Why is propoxyphene no longer recommended for use?

It poses risks, especially with other depressants Signup and view all the answers

How does LAAM differ in dosing frequency from methadone?

LAAM is given weekly Signup and view all the answers

What is one common side effect shared by methadone, LAAM, and propoxyphene?

Respiratory depression Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following opioids is significantly more potent than morphine?

Fentanyl Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of propoxyphene contributes to the risk of overdose?

Its combination with central nervous system depressants Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following characteristics is true for remifentanil?

has an ultra-short action useful in surgeries Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential consequence of fentanyl misuse?

Cardiac arrest due to overdose Signup and view all the answers

Signup and view all the answers

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Description

This quiz delves into the pharmacological effects, side effects, and usage considerations of NSAIDs and analgesics. It covers various mechanisms of action, risks associated with their use, and specific considerations for certain populations. Test your knowledge on these essential medications and their impact on health.