Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is a key mechanism through which Metformin improves glucose metabolism?
What is a key mechanism through which Metformin improves glucose metabolism?
Which of the following is NOT a contraindication for using Metformin?
Which of the following is NOT a contraindication for using Metformin?
What is the most serious but rare adverse effect associated with Metformin?
What is the most serious but rare adverse effect associated with Metformin?
Why should Metformin be withdrawn before the use of iodine-containing X-ray contrast media?
Why should Metformin be withdrawn before the use of iodine-containing X-ray contrast media?
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What is the recommended dosing frequency for immediate-release Metformin?
What is the recommended dosing frequency for immediate-release Metformin?
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Study Notes
Mechanism of Action
- Reduces hepatic glucose production through inhibition of gluconeogenesis.
- Increases glucose uptake and oxidation in skeletal muscle via activation of AMP kinase.
- Decreases insulin resistance, enhancing the overall efficacy of insulin.
Pharmacokinetics
- Administered orally, typically 2-3 times daily.
- Sustained-release formulations are available for improved dosing convenience.
Adverse Effects
- Commonly causes gastrointestinal disturbances.
- Lactic acidosis is a serious but rare adverse event; vigilance is necessary.
- Contraindicated in patients with renal, hepatic, hypoxic respiratory, or cardiac diseases.
- Should be withheld prior to iodine-containing X-ray contrast media procedures to prevent complications.
Clinical Use
- First-line treatment for overweight or obese individuals with type 2 diabetes.
- Compatible with all other antidiabetic medications, including insulin, enhancing treatment flexibility.
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Description
This quiz explores the pharmacological aspects of Biguanides, specifically Metformin. It covers its mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics, and potential adverse effects. Ideal for students in pharmacy or medical courses.
