24 Questions
What is the main function of gastrin in the gastrointestinal tract?
Stimulation of the secretion of acid by parietal cells
Which of the following receptors is involved in the stimulation of gastric acid secretion by histamine?
H2 receptors
What is the effect of PGE2 and PGI2 on gastric acid secretion?
Inhibition of acid secretion
Which of the following is a gastrin receptor blocker?
Proglumide
What is the main action of acetylcholine on parietal cells?
Stimulation of acid secretion
What is the term for an ulcer in the part of the digestive tract exposed to gastric secretion?
Peptic ulcer
What is a common symptom of peptic ulcer and reflux esophagitis?
Anorexia
Which of the following drugs is used to increase the motility of the GIT smooth muscles without causing purgation?
Domperidone
What is the main component of the triple therapy used to treat Helicobacter pylori infection?
PPI, amoxicillin, and clarithromycin
What is the function of antacids in the treatment of peptic ulcer and reflux esophagitis?
To neutralize acid
Which of the following is a type of drug that includes omeprazole, esomeprazole, and lansoprazole?
Proton pump inhibitors
What is a complication of peptic ulcer and reflux esophagitis?
Hemorrhage
What is the best way to prevent intermittent constipation?
Having a high fiber diet, adequate fluid intake, regular exercise, and heeding nature's call
What is the mechanism of action of bulk forming laxatives?
They absorb water, forming a bulky, emollient gel that distends the colon and promotes peristalsis
What is the characteristic of osmotic laxatives?
They are soluble but nonabsorbable compounds
What is the purpose of using laxatives in addition to relieving constipation?
To clear the bowel prior to surgery or examinations
What is the definition of diarrhea?
The frequent passage of liquid feces
What is the mechanism of action of fecal (stool) softeners?
They soften stool material, permitting water and lipids to penetrate
What is a cause of diarrhea?
Underlying disease
When should antidiarrheal agents not be used?
In patients with bloody diarrhea
What is the main function of adsorbents in treating diarrhea?
To absorb bacteria, toxins, and fluid
What is a valuable physiological response to the ingestion of a toxic substance?
Vomiting
Which type of drug is used to treat motion sickness?
Muscarinic antagonist
What is the name of the anticholinergic drug used to treat motion sickness?
Hyoscine
This quiz covers the pharmacology of the gastrointestinal tract, focusing on gastric secretion, vomiting, and motility of the bowel. It explores the principal stimuli acting on parietal cells, including gastrin and acetylcholine, and their effects on peptic ulcer, diarrhea, and constipation. Test your knowledge of GIT pharmacology!
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