Pharmacology of Contrast Media in Radiology

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Questions and Answers

What is a factor to consider when determining the appropriateness of contrast media to an examination?

Patient age and weight (correct)

Patient's medical history

Patient occupation

Patient's education level

What is a potential local effect of contrast media administration?

Phlebitis (correct)

Nausea

Coughing

Flushing

What is a mild reaction to contrast media administration?

Cardiac arrest

Warmth (correct)

Anaphylaxis

Hypotension

What is used to determine the dosage of contrast media administration?

Patient's weight Signup and view all the answers

What is a route of contrast media administration?

IV Signup and view all the answers

What is a systemic effect of contrast media administration?

Nausea Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of destroying microorganisms and their spores with the use of chemical disinfectants?

Medical Asepsis Signup and view all the answers

What type of infections are acquired while receiving treatment at a healthcare facility, like a hospital?

Nosocomial infections Signup and view all the answers

What is a source of infection where pathogens thrive in numbers sufficient to cause a threat?

Reservoir Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a safety data sheet, such as a material safety data sheet (MSDS)?

To provide information on handling and disposing of toxic/hazardous materials Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of administering a medication through a vein, in the context of contrast media administration?

Venipuncture Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of determining the correct dosage of a medication, in the context of contrast media administration?

Dose calculation Signup and view all the answers

What is an important aspect of patient education during a radiology procedure?

Explaining the purpose of the current procedure Signup and view all the answers

What is a physical challenge that may affect communication during a radiology procedure?

Physical or sensory impairments Signup and view all the answers

What is a type of medical emergency that may occur during a radiology procedure?

Allergic reaction to contrast media Signup and view all the answers

What is an important aspect of physical assistance during a radiology procedure?

Body mechanics Signup and view all the answers

What is a routine monitoring task during a radiology procedure?

Vital sign measurement Signup and view all the answers

What is a type of medical equipment that may be used during a radiology procedure?

Infusion catheters Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Infection Control

Neutropenic precautions, also known as reverse isolation, are used to prevent healthcare-associated infections.
Healthcare-associated (nosocomial) infections are infections that occur while receiving treatment at a healthcare facility.

Microorganisms

Medical Asepsis is the process of destroying microorganisms and their spores using chemical disinfectants.
Vector-borne infections are diseases where microorganisms are transferred via an insect, such as malaria.
A reservoir is a source of infection where pathogens thrive in sufficient numbers to cause a threat.

Infection Transmission

Droplet contamination frequently occurs via coughing.
Fomites are objects that can transfer microorganisms, such as an injection syringe.

Handling and Disposing of Toxic/Hazardous Materials

Types of hazardous materials include chemicals and chemotherapy.
Safety data sheets (e.g., MSDS) are used to handle and dispose of toxic materials.

Pharmacology

Patient History

Medication reconciliation involves identifying a patient's current medications.
Premedications are medications given before an examination.
Contraindications are conditions that make a medication or procedure inadvisable.
Scheduling and sequencing examinations involve planning the order of examinations.

Administration

Routes of administration include IV and oral.
Supplies used in administration include needles, gauze, and alcohol pads.
Procedural techniques include venipuncture.
Dose calculation is an important aspect of administration.

Contrast Media

Types of contrast media include gadolinium, linear, and macrocyclic.
Contrast media properties include ionic and non-ionic.
Contrast media administration is based on patient weight.
Contrast media reactions can be mild, moderate, or severe.
Local effects of contrast media reactions include extravasation/infiltration and phlebitis.
Systemic effects of contrast media reactions include nausea and coughing.

Interpersonal Communication

Modes of communication include verbal, written, and nonverbal.
Challenges in communication include language barriers, cultural and social factors, physical or sensory impairments, age, and emotional status.
Strategies to improve understanding include explanation of medical terms and responding to patient inquiries.

Patient Education

Patient education involves explaining the current procedure, including purpose and exam length.
Pre- and post-procedure instructions include preparations, diet, medications, and discharge instructions.

Physical Assistance and Monitoring

Patient transfer and movement involve body mechanics and patient transfer techniques.
Assisting patients with medical equipment includes infusion catheters and pumps, oxygen delivery systems, and other medical devices.
Routine monitoring involves vital signs, physical signs and symptoms, fall prevention, and documentation.

Medical Emergencies

Medical emergencies include allergic reactions, cardiac/respiratory arrest, physical injury, trauma, or RF burn.

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Description

Test your knowledge of contrast media types and properties, including gadolinium and ionic vs non-ionic agents. Learn about appropriateness of contrast media for different patient conditions, ages, and laboratory values, as well as local and systemic reactions.