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Questions and Answers
What is the expected oral maintenance dose of baclofen (Lioresal) for an adult client with muscle spasms?
What is the expected oral maintenance dose of baclofen (Lioresal) for an adult client with muscle spasms?
- 15 mg four times a day (correct)
- 25 mg four times a day
- 30 mg four times a day
- 40 mg four times a day
What is the prescribed dosage of carisoprodol (Soma) for an adult client with muscle spasms?
What is the prescribed dosage of carisoprodol (Soma) for an adult client with muscle spasms?
- A dosage requiring further clarification
- A higher than normal dosage
- A lower than normal dosage
- The normal adult dosage (correct)
What important action should the nurse take before leaving a client who has received diazepam (Valium)?
What important action should the nurse take before leaving a client who has received diazepam (Valium)?
- Drawing the shades or blinds closed
- Turning down the volume on the television
- Giving the client a bedpan
- Putting up the side rails on the bed per agency policy (correct)
Which symptom would indicate a toxic effect of haloperidol (Haldol) in a client with a psychotic disorder?
Which symptom would indicate a toxic effect of haloperidol (Haldol) in a client with a psychotic disorder?
What medication would the nurse prepare to treat neuroleptic malignant syndrome related to chlorpromazine?
What medication would the nurse prepare to treat neuroleptic malignant syndrome related to chlorpromazine?
What statement by a nursing student indicates understanding of the action of haloperidol (Haldol)?
What statement by a nursing student indicates understanding of the action of haloperidol (Haldol)?
What would be the expected serum lithium level for a client experiencing loose, watery stools and difficulty walking?
What would be the expected serum lithium level for a client experiencing loose, watery stools and difficulty walking?
When teaching a client who is starting on imipramine hydrochloride (Tofranil), what should the nurse inform the client?
When teaching a client who is starting on imipramine hydrochloride (Tofranil), what should the nurse inform the client?
A client taking an anxiolytic medication feels faint when standing. This symptom is likely due to:
A client taking an anxiolytic medication feels faint when standing. This symptom is likely due to:
What instruction should the nurse give a client on lithium carbonate (Lithobid) scheduled for surgery?
What instruction should the nurse give a client on lithium carbonate (Lithobid) scheduled for surgery?
What nursing action indicates an understanding of the major side effect of chloral hydrate (Somnote) for short-term treatment?
What nursing action indicates an understanding of the major side effect of chloral hydrate (Somnote) for short-term treatment?
What behavior observed in a client would validate noncompliance with clomipramine (Anafranil)?
What behavior observed in a client would validate noncompliance with clomipramine (Anafranil)?
To determine effectiveness of haloperidol (Haldol), what should the nurse check?
To determine effectiveness of haloperidol (Haldol), what should the nurse check?
Why is diphenhydramine hydrochloride (Benadryl) being discontinued for a hospitalized client with a chronic psychotic disorder?
Why is diphenhydramine hydrochloride (Benadryl) being discontinued for a hospitalized client with a chronic psychotic disorder?
What food item should the nurse remove from a tray delivered to a client on phenelzine sulfate (Nardil)?
What food item should the nurse remove from a tray delivered to a client on phenelzine sulfate (Nardil)?
What should the nurse include in the care plan for a client receiving a tricyclic antidepressant?
What should the nurse include in the care plan for a client receiving a tricyclic antidepressant?
During initial treatment phases with amitriptyline hydrochloride, what is the most important nursing intervention?
During initial treatment phases with amitriptyline hydrochloride, what is the most important nursing intervention?
What is the most important instruction for a client being discharged on lithium carbonate (Lithobid)?
What is the most important instruction for a client being discharged on lithium carbonate (Lithobid)?
How is ribavirin (Virazole) prescribed for a hospitalized child with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) administered?
How is ribavirin (Virazole) prescribed for a hospitalized child with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) administered?
What specific precaution should the nurse take during the administration of ribavirin (Virazole) to a child?
What specific precaution should the nurse take during the administration of ribavirin (Virazole) to a child?
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Study Notes
Muscle Relaxants and Anxiolytics
- Baclofen's standard oral maintenance dosage for adults is 15 mg taken four times daily.
- Carisoprodol is prescribed at 350 mg four times daily, which is the normal adult dosage for muscle spasms.
- After administering diazepam, ensure that bed rails are raised as per agency policy for patient safety.
Medication Side Effects and Toxicity
- Excessive salivation is a potential toxic effect of haloperidol (Haldol) in patients treated for psychosis.
- Bromocriptine (Parlodel) is prepared to combat neuroleptic malignant syndrome caused by chlorpromazine usage.
- Haloperidol works by blocking dopamine from binding to postsynaptic receptors in the brain, effectively managing schizophrenia symptoms.
Lithium Treatment Management
- Symptoms like loose stools and balance issues may indicate a high serum lithium level, potentially reaching 1.7 mEq/L.
- Lithium carbonate is to be discontinued 1 to 2 days before surgery and resumed once oral intake is acceptable.
Antidepressants Protocols
- Imipramine (Tofranil) effects may not be noticeable for 2 to 3 weeks after initiation of treatment.
- Tachycardia or pulse rate issues can highlight noncompliance with clomipramine, particularly excessive handwashing behavior seen in patients.
Monitoring and Patient Safety
- Evaluation of haloperidol's effectiveness involves checking the client’s orientation and delusion status.
- Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) is discontinued for patients on psychotropic medication due to the risk of enhanced addictive properties.
Dietary Restrictions and Interventions
- Yogurt should be removed from meal trays for patients on phenelzine sulfate (Nardil) due to potential tyramine interactions.
- Providing hard candy or gum can mitigate common side effects of tricyclic antidepressants, including dry mouth.
Nursing Interventions in Psychopharmacology
- For amitriptyline hydrochloride treatment, monitoring postural blood pressure is critical in the initial treatment phase.
- Patients on lithium should be advised to consult with their psychiatrist before using over-the-counter medications to avoid complications.
Administration Routes in Pediatrics
- Ribavirin (Virazole) for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is administered via a face mask.
- Goggles must be worn during the administration of ribavirin for safety during aerosol treatment.
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