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Questions and Answers
A patient with a history of cardiac chest pain is prescribed aspirin. Prior to administration, which of the following conditions would be an absolute contraindication?
A patient with a history of cardiac chest pain is prescribed aspirin. Prior to administration, which of the following conditions would be an absolute contraindication?
- Known aspirin allergy (correct)
- Recent upper respiratory infection
- Controlled hypertension
- Mild, stable angina
Administering oxygen to a patient experiencing a non-emergency condition is always appropriate and without potential adverse effects.
Administering oxygen to a patient experiencing a non-emergency condition is always appropriate and without potential adverse effects.
False (B)
According to the nine rights of medication administration, what must a patient receive, besides the medication itself?
According to the nine rights of medication administration, what must a patient receive, besides the medication itself?
Right education
Nitroglycerin is administered via the ______ route.
Nitroglycerin is administered via the ______ route.
Match each medication with its primary action:
Match each medication with its primary action:
Flashcards
Right Patient
Right Patient
Ensuring the correct patient receives the intended medications.
Right Route
Right Route
Administering the drug via the appropriate method (e.g., IV, PO, IM).
Aspirin's Action
Aspirin's Action
A medication that inhibits platelet aggregation.
Narcan (Naloxone)
Narcan (Naloxone)
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Albuterol Action
Albuterol Action
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Study Notes
- Pharmacology involves understanding how drugs affect the body and their usage in treating diseases.
Nine Rights of Medication Administration
- Right Patient: Ensuring medication is given to the correct individual.
- Right Medication: Verifying the drug matches the order.
- Right Dose: Confirming the prescribed amount is accurate.
- Right Route: Administering the medication via the intended method.
- Right Time: Giving the medication at the specified intervals.
- Right Education: Informing patients about their medication.
- Right to Refuse: Acknowledging the patient's autonomy to decline medication.
- Right Response and Evaluation: Monitoring the medication's effects and patient's reaction.
- Right Documentation: Accurately recording all medication-related information.
Medication Routes
- IV (Intravenous): Directly into a vein.
- PO (Per Oral): Administered by mouth.
- SL (Sublingual): Under the tongue.
- IN (Intranasal): Administered into the nose.
- IM (Intramuscular): Injection into a muscle.
- Topical: Applied to the skin.
Types of Opioids
- Oxycontin
- Fentanyl
- Heroin
- Morphine
- Percocet
Medications and Their Uses
- Medication: Oxygen
- Action: Increases oxygen levels in the body.
- Indication: Used in cases of hypoxia, trauma, and shock.
- Contraindication: Not for non-emergency situations or in some COPD patients.
- Side Effects: Typically none.
- Route: Intranasal (IN).
- Dose: 15 LPM.
- Medication: Aspirin (Bayer)
- Action: Platelet inhibitor.
- Indication: Chest pain of cardiac origin.
- Contraindication: Allergy or active bleeding.
- Side Effects: Bleeding, stomach pain, allergic reactions.
- Route: Per Oral (PO), chewable.
- Dose: Four 81mg tablets.
- Medication: Nitroglycerin (NTG, Nitrostat)
- Action: Vasodilator.
- Indication: Chest pain of cardiac origin.
- Contraindication: Use of erectile dysfunction medications, systolic BP <140.
- Side Effects: Headache, Hypotension, Anxious.
- Route: Sublingual (SL).
- Dose: One tablet.
- Give one tablet, and another one after 5 minutes if needed.
- Medication: Epinephrine
- Action: Vasoconstrictor/ Bronchodilator.
- Indication: Anaphylaxis, asthma.
- Contraindication: Hypertension, hypothermia, C/P of C/O
- Side Effects: Tachycardia, HTN, Anxious
- Route: IM
- Dose: Adults= 0.3 Children= 0.15
- May give another dose after 5 minutes if needed.
- Medication: Narcan (Naloxone)
- Action: Reverses respiratory depression due to opioid overdose.
- Indication: Respiratory depression.
- Contraindication: Hypersensitivity.
- Side Effects: Withdrawals, nausea, vomiting.
- Route: Intranasal (IN).
- Dose: 2mg (1mg per nostril), after initial BVM.
- May repeat after 5 minutes if needed.
- Medication: Metered-Dose Inhaler (Albuterol)
- Action: Bronchodilator.
- Indication: Dyspnea with wheezing.
- Contraindication: Allergy, chest pain, heart rate >150 BPM.
- Side Effects: Tachycardia, anxiousness, hypertension.
- Route: Inhalation (IN).
- Dose: 1-2 puffs every 5 minutes if needed.
- Medication: Oral Glucose
- Action: Provides sugar to cells.
- Indication: Hypoglycemia.
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Description
Explore the fundamental principles of pharmacology, including the 'Nine Rights' of medication administration. Learn about the different medication routes. The important rights ensures safe and effective drug delivery.
