Five-Plus-Five Rights of Medication Administration Quiz

Categories of Drug Orders

• There are four categories of drug orders: Standing, One-time, PRN, and STAT orders
• Standing orders may be ongoing or for a specific number of doses or days, and may have special instructions based on administration or laboratory values
• One-time orders are given once and usually at a specific time
• PRN orders are given at the client's request and the nurse's judgment, concerning need and safety
• STAT orders are high-priority orders that require immediate attention

Right Dose

• The right dose is the verification by the nurse that the dose administered is the amount ordered and safe for the patient
• The right dose is based on the patient's physical status, weight, and basic formula method
• The basic formula method involves: X = D/H x V, where X is the desired dose, D is the dose ordered, H is the dosage strength, and V is the form and amount of the drug

Methods to Dispense Drugs

• There are two methods to dispense drugs: Stock drug method and Unit dose method
• The stock drug method dispenses drugs to all clients from the same containers
• The unit dose method dispenses individually wrapped and labeled drugs for a single dose

Right Time

• The right time is the time at which the prescribed dose schedule is administered
• Examples of dosing schedules include: BID (twice a day), TID (three times a day), QID (four times a day), Q6h or q12h (every six hours)
• Military time (24-hour clock) is used to reduce administration and documentation errors

Oral Route

• The oral route has advantages such as convenience, self-administration, pain-free, easy to take, and cheap
• The oral route has disadvantages such as destruction of drugs by gastric acid and digestive juices, slow effect, and not suitable for unconscious patients
• There are two methods of oral route: topical application on the mouth and swallowing for absorption along the GI tract

Sublingual Route

• The sublingual route involves placing the dosage form under the tongue
• The sublingual route has advantages such as rapid absorption, economical, quick termination, and avoids first-pass effect
• The sublingual route has disadvantages such as unpalatable and bitter taste, irritation of oral mucosa, and large quantities not given

Five-Plus-Five Rights of Medication Administration

• The five-plus-five rights of medication administration are: Right Client, Right Drug, Right Dose, Right Route, Right Time, Right Assessment, Right Documentation, Right to Education, and Right Evaluation
• The right client involves verifying the client's identity by checking the identification bracelet
• The right drug involves verifying that the client receives the drug that was prescribed
• The seven components of a drug order are: date and time, drug name, dosage, route, frequency, duration, and any special instructions