Pharmacology: Laxatives

Patients who are on low residue diets, postpartum, elderly, or have diverticular disease, spastic colon, or hemorrhoids.

Nonabsorbable ions → ↑ osmotic pressure in bowel → watery stools in 1-3 hr.

To avoid GI impaction.

<p>Laxative (Saline Cathartic)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased tone and decreased propulsive peristaltic waves in large intest.→ decreased gut motility due to inhibition of ACh release by neurons</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Magnesium Hydroxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Use with great caution, as kids are especially sensitive to atropine toxicity</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dehydration in patients on low Na+ diets.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Potentially serious respiratory depression (may not be evident until 12-30 hr later)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Acute evacuation of bowel in preparation for endoscopic exam.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Potentiates effects of barbiturate, tranquilizers, alcohol, and other narcotics</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Elimination of drugs/toxins for suspected drug/food poisoning.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Atropine is included primarily to prevent drug abuse</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased gastric tone → delayed gastric emptying</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Preparation of oral morphine, anise oil, benzoic acid, camphor, diluted alcohol, and glycerin</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Antidiarrheal</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It absorbs and retains water, increasing fecal volume, which increases the rate of transit.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is not absorbed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It can bind to other drugs, reducing their absorption.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>More than 1 hour before or after other medications.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is useful in patients with alternating constipation and diarrhea, especially in irritable bowel syndrome.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It arises from craving, which leads to rebirth, bringing delight and passion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is the complete stopping of craving, leaving no passion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Right Views, Right Resolve, Right Speech, Right Action, Right Livelihood, Right Effort, Right Mindfulness, and Right Concentration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fluorinated quinolone</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Inhibits bacterial DNA synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Until symptoms resolve, or no longer than 3 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Has 5x potency of diphenoxylate</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To prevent drug abuse</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pregnant or nursing women, prepubertal children</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>UTIs due to Enterobacteriaceae, Enterococcus, Staphylococcus, Pseudomonas, and infectious diarrhea</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pronounced euphoria, potentially serious respiratory depression</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Blockage of vitamin K actions in prothrombin synthesis leading to hypoprothrombinemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Coenzyme in decarboxylation reactions, facilitating conduction of impulses in peripheral nerves</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Severe (often irreversible) sensory neuropathy</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>RDA of vitamin B1 is directly proportional to caloric intake</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Penicillamine, hydralazine, and isoniazid complex with B6, leading to decreased B6 levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Vitamin B6 is a cofactor of tryptophan → nicotinic acid conversion</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pregnancy increases vitamin B6 demand</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Deficiency is common in alcoholics</p> Signup and view all the answers