Pharmacology in Dermatology and Endocrinology

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Questions and Answers

Which medication should the nurse prepare to administer for a client with hyperparathyroidism with a serum calcium level of 13 mg/dL?

Calcium gluconate

Calcium chloride

Calcitonin (Miacalcin) (correct)

Large doses of vitamin D

What is the most appropriate nursing action when a client experiences local discomfort and burning from mafenide acetate (Sulfamylon)?

Informing the client that this is normal (correct)

Applying a thinner film than prescribed to the burn site

Discontinuing the medication

Notifying the registered nurse

Which indicates that a systemic effect has occurred during treatment with topical mafenide acetate (Sulfamylon)?

Hyperventilation (correct)

Elevated blood pressure

Local rash at the burn site

Local pain at the burn site

What indicates the presence of systemic toxicity from salicylic acid prescribed for a client with psoriasis?

Tinnitus Signup and view all the answers

When are chemical sunscreens most effective when applied?

At least 30 minutes before exposure to the sun Signup and view all the answers

With which best food item should oral iron supplements be administered to a child with iron deficiency anemia?

Orange juice Signup and view all the answers

Which laboratory test will be prescribed before the administration of isotretinoin for severe acne?

Triglyceride level Signup and view all the answers

The nurse would contact the health care provider if the client prescribed isotretinoin is taking which medication?

Vitamin A Signup and view all the answers

Azelaic acid (Azelex) is prescribed for the treatment of which condition?

Acne Signup and view all the answers

Which statement made by the client about silver sulfadiazine (Silvadene) indicates a lack of understanding?

The medication will permanently stain my skin. Signup and view all the answers

A topical corticosteroid is applied to which body area would increase the potential for systemic absorption?

Axilla Signup and view all the answers

What should the nurse do if a client experiences pain and swelling at the IV site during an antineoplastic medication infusion?

Notify the registered nurse. Signup and view all the answers

Which diagnostic study will be prescribed for a client receiving bleomycin intravenously?

Pulmonary function studies Signup and view all the answers

What laboratory value should the nurse specifically monitor during treatment with busulfan (Myleran)?

Uric acid level Signup and view all the answers

What should the nurse inform the client receiving an antineoplastic medication about immunizations?

Consult with health care providers before receiving immunizations. Signup and view all the answers

Which side effect indicates a specific effect of vincristine (Oncovin)?

Numbness and tingling in the fingers and toes Signup and view all the answers

If pancreatitis is documented in a client's history, the nurse should consult regarding which medication?

Asparaginase (Elspar) Signup and view all the answers

Etoposide (VePesid) is associated with which side effect?

Orthostatic hypotension Signup and view all the answers

The primary action of tamoxifen for metastatic breast carcinoma is to:

Compete with estradiol for binding to estrogen in tissues containing high concentrations of receptors. Signup and view all the answers

Which laboratory value should be specifically monitored while taking tamoxifen?

Calcium level Signup and view all the answers

Select the adverse effects associated with cisplatin, that the nurse should monitor for.

Hypomagnesemia Signup and view all the answers

Calcium gluconate is prescribed after a thyroidectomy to treat what condition?

Treat hypocalcemic tetany. Signup and view all the answers

What information should be taught for the discharge of a client stabilized with daily insulin injections?

Rotate the insulin injection sites systematically. Signup and view all the answers

Indicate which action indicates the need for further teaching while mixing regular insulin and NPH insulin in the same syringe.

Withdraws the NPH insulin first Signup and view all the answers

How should unopened vials of insulin be stored?

Refrigerate the insulin. Signup and view all the answers

While taking glimepiride (Amaryl), the client should avoid which substance?

Alcohol Signup and view all the answers

A nurse would question the prescription of sildenafil (Viagra) if the client's history includes which medication?

Use of nitroglycerin Signup and view all the answers

What should a nurse do if a client with type 1 diabetes mellitus is prescribed exenatide (Byetta)?

Withhold and call the health care provider. Signup and view all the answers

When is the most likely time for a hypoglycemic reaction to occur after administration of Humulin NPH insulin?

4 to 12 hours after administration Signup and view all the answers

If recently diagnosed with diabetes mellitus and fasting blood glucose levels are elevated, which medication may have contributed?

Prednisone Signup and view all the answers

Which client statement indicates that further teaching is necessary regarding prednisone?

I can take aspirin or my antihistamine if I need it. Signup and view all the answers

After administration of desmopressin acetate (DDAVP) for diabetes insipidus, the nurse monitors for which therapeutic response?

Decreased urinary output Signup and view all the answers

Select all that apply regarding instructions for a client prescribed repaglinide (Prandin) and metformin (Glucophage).

The repaglinide is not taken if a meal is skipped. Signup and view all the answers

To monitor the effectiveness of infliximab (Remicade) for a client with Crohn's disease, the nurse should take which action?

Checking the frequency and consistency of bowel movements Signup and view all the answers

Loperamide hydrochloride (Imodium) is prescribed for what condition?

An episode of diarrhea Signup and view all the answers

For which condition should ondansetron (Zofran) be administered to a postoperative client?

Nausea and vomiting Signup and view all the answers

The nurse evaluates that pancrelipase (Pancrease MT) is having optimal benefit if which effect is observed?

Reduction of steatorrhea Signup and view all the answers

While taking cimetidine (Tagamet), the nurse monitors for which frequent central nervous system side effect?

Confusion Signup and view all the answers

The nurse schedules sucralfate (Carafate) for which times?

One hour before meals and at bedtime Signup and view all the answers

What indicates that misoprostol (Cytotec) is having the intended therapeutic effect?

Relief of epigastric pain Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Hyperparathyroidism and Medications

In hyperparathyroidism, elevated serum calcium level (13 mg/dL) requires administration of Calcitonin (Miacalcin) to lower calcium levels.

Burn Care and Topical Medications

Mafenide acetate (Sulfamylon) may cause discomfort and burning, which is a normal reaction to local application.
Systemic effects of topical mafenide include hyperventilation.

Psoriasis Treatment

Salicylic acid use can lead to systemic toxicity, indicated by symptoms like tinnitus.

Sunscreen Application

Chemical sunscreens should be applied at least 30 minutes before sun exposure for optimal effectiveness.

Pediatric Iron Supplementation

Iron supplements for a child with iron deficiency anemia are best absorbed with orange juice, which enhances iron absorption.

Isotretinoin Administration

Before isotretinoin treatment in severe acne, triglyceride levels must be monitored due to potential side effects.

Compatibility with Isotretinoin

Concurrent use of Vitamin A with isotretinoin should be avoided due to increased risk of toxicity.

Azelaic Acid for Acne

Azelaic acid is primarily used to treat acne.

Silver Sulfadiazine Understanding

Although silver sulfadiazine is antibacterial, patients should know it does not permanently stain the skin.

Corticosteroid Monitoring

Applying topical corticosteroids in sensitive areas (e.g., axilla) signals potential for increased systemic absorption.

IV Infusion Complications

Pain or swelling at an IV site during antineoplastic infusion necessitates notifying the registered nurse.

Bleomycin and Pulmonary Function

Clients receiving bleomycin for squamous cell carcinoma should undergo pulmonary function studies due to risk of pulmonary toxicity.

Monitoring Uric Acid Levels

Uric acid levels are monitored in clients treated with busulfan for acute myelocytic leukemia due to high risk of hyperuricemia.

Antineoplastic Medication Guidance

Clients on antineoplastic medications should consult HCPs before receiving immunizations to prevent adverse effects.

Vincristine Side Effects

Nerve damage from vincristine may present as numbness and tingling in extremities.

Asparaginase Caution

History of pancreatitis in clients receiving asparaginase requires careful administration consideration.

Etoposide and Orthostatic Hypotension

Orthostatic hypotension is a specific side effect associated with etoposide administration.

Tamoxifen Mechanism

Tamoxifen competes with estradiol for binding in tissues with high estrogen receptors, making it useful for metastatic breast cancer.

Calcium Monitoring with Tamoxifen

Calcium levels should be monitored in patients receiving tamoxifen due to potential shifts in calcium metabolism.

Cisplatin Adverse Effects

Cisplatin therapy should be monitored for tinnitus, ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity, and hypomagnesemia.

Calcium Gluconate Post-Thyroidectomy

Calcium gluconate is administered post-thyroidectomy to treat hypocalcemic tetany.

Insulin Injection Practices

Insulin vials should be rotated systematically to prevent tissue damage and ensure efficacy.

Mixing Insulin

Regular insulin must always be withdrawn before NPH insulin to avoid contamination and ensure correct dosing.

Storing Insulin

Unopened insulin vials must be refrigerated to maintain effectiveness.

Glimepiride and Alcohol

Clients taking glimepiride should avoid alcohol to prevent adverse reactions.

Sildenafil Contraindications

Sildenafil should not be used by clients who are also on nitroglycerin due to the risk of severe hypotension.

Exenatide with Type 1 Diabetes

Exenatide is not recommended for type 1 diabetes; consult HCP if prescribed.

Hypoglycemia Risk with NPH Insulin

Hypoglycemic reactions with NPH insulin usually occur 4 to 12 hours post-administration.

Medications Causing Hyperglycemia

Prednisone can raise blood glucose levels, complicating diabetes management.

Prednisone Teaching Points

Clients should avoid aspirin and antihistamines with prednisone due to increased bleeding risk.

Desmopressin for Diabetes Insipidus

The therapeutic effect of desmopressin is indicated by decreased urinary output.

Medications for Type 2 Diabetes

Metformin can cause diarrhea; repaglinide should not be taken if a meal is skipped. Carrying simple sugars for hypoglycemia is also recommended.

Infliximab Effectiveness

Effectiveness of infliximab for Crohn's disease can be monitored through the frequency and consistency of bowel movements.

Loperamide Use

Loperamide is administered for episodes of diarrhea, providing symptomatic relief.

Ondansetron Administering

Ondansetron is effective for managing postoperative nausea and vomiting.

Pancrelipase Effectiveness

A reduction in steatorrhea indicates effective pancreatic enzyme replacement with pancrelipase.

Cimetidine CNS Monitoring

Confusion is a common CNS side effect in older adults taking cimetidine.

Sucralfate Dosing Schedule

Sucralfate should be given one hour before meals and at bedtime for optimal effectiveness.

Misoprostol Therapeutic Effect

Relief of epigastric pain indicates that misoprostol is effectively protecting the gastric mucosa.

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Description

This quiz covers key pharmacological treatments and considerations in dermatology and endocrinology, including hyperparathyroidism, burn care, psoriasis treatment, and isotretinoin administration. Test your knowledge on medication effects, absorption, and optimal application techniques for various conditions.