Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary effect of diuretic therapy?
What is the primary effect of diuretic therapy?
What should clients newly diagnosed with hyperlipidemia understand about their treatment?
What should clients newly diagnosed with hyperlipidemia understand about their treatment?
What is a significant consideration for patients prescribed statin medications?
What is a significant consideration for patients prescribed statin medications?
Which type of medication is bumetanide classified as?
Which type of medication is bumetanide classified as?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary goal of anti-cholesterol drugs?
What is the primary goal of anti-cholesterol drugs?
Signup and view all the answers
What dietary recommendation should clients with heart failure follow to manage their condition effectively?
What dietary recommendation should clients with heart failure follow to manage their condition effectively?
Signup and view all the answers
Decreasing which of the following can lead to increased cardiac output in heart failure patients?
Decreasing which of the following can lead to increased cardiac output in heart failure patients?
Signup and view all the answers
Which statement accurately reflects a critical aspect of managing heart failure?
Which statement accurately reflects a critical aspect of managing heart failure?
Signup and view all the answers
In the context of heart failure management, what is the primary purpose of loop diuretics?
In the context of heart failure management, what is the primary purpose of loop diuretics?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following factors is NOT directly related to dietary recommendations for heart failure patients?
Which of the following factors is NOT directly related to dietary recommendations for heart failure patients?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary purpose of alteplase in relation to central lines?
What is the primary purpose of alteplase in relation to central lines?
Signup and view all the answers
What class of medication is furosemide, and what is a key administration consideration?
What class of medication is furosemide, and what is a key administration consideration?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following statements about atorvastatin is accurate?
Which of the following statements about atorvastatin is accurate?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the role of PCSK9 inhibitors in cholesterol management?
What is the role of PCSK9 inhibitors in cholesterol management?
Signup and view all the answers
Which symptom is NOT associated with adverse effects of atorvastatin?
Which symptom is NOT associated with adverse effects of atorvastatin?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Diuretic Therapy
- A desired effect of diuretic therapy is increased urination (polyuria).
Anti-Cholesterol Drugs
- The goal of anti-cholesterol drugs is to lower LDL levels.
Hyperlipidemia Teaching
- Lifestyle changes may help avoid medication for hyperlipidemia.
- Statin drugs are the most common medication for hyperlipidemia.
- Statin medications may be needed for life.
Bumetanide
- Bumetanide is a loop diuretic.
Heart Failure Management
- Clients with heart failure should follow a low-sodium diet and monitor fluid intake.
Lidocaine Side Effects
- An adverse effect of IV lidocaine is central nervous system (CNS) toxicity, which can manifest as confusion and psychosis.
- Lidocaine can cause numbness and tingling as a side effect.
Fluid Overload
- Fluid overload from IV crystalloid administration can lead to heart failure.
Aspirin and Apixaban
- Aspirin should not be combined with apixaban.
Alteplase
- Alteplase is a thrombolytic medication used to dissolve clots (if a clot is suspected).
PCSK9 Inhibitors
- Monoclonal antibody PCSK9 inhibitors block LDL cholesterol production.
Furosemide Administration
- Furosemide should be administered slowly to avoid hearing loss.
- Furosemide is a loop diuretic.
Right Heart Failure
Atorvastatin
- Atorvastatin inhibits HMG-CoA reduction.
- Side effects include severe muscle pain, weakness, and dark urine.
Lipid Panel
- A lipid panel should be ordered before statin medication.
- Clients taking atorvastatin need regular lipid checks.
- Atorvastatin is used for hyperlipidemia and can be used for preventing cardiovascular disease in clients with high blood pressure, diabetes, or smokers.
- Assess the client's learning ability before client education.
- Atorvastatin can cause rhabdomyolysis, hepatotoxicity (evaluated by ALT/AST levels)
- Common medication for elevated cholesterol: (ALT, AST)
Cholestyramine
- Reduce serum cholesterol and LDL levels
- Give with 60-80 ml of liquid
- 2 hours before or 4 hours after medication
Gemfibrozil
- Increases HDL and reduces VLDL.
- Take with food to prevent heartburn.
Ezetimibe
- Lowers cholesterol.
- Can cause angioedema.
Alirocumab
- Binds to LDL receptors on the liver
- Used for hypercholesterolemia
- Causes flu-like symptoms
- Given subcutaneously (SQ)
Rivaroxaban
- Administered orally.
- Antidote is andexanet alfa.
- Does not require INR monitoring.
- System clears within 1-2 days after stopping.
Therapeutic Response to Alirocumab
- Decreases LDL levels.
Ezetimibe
- A selective cholesterol absorption inhibitor.
- Nasopharyngitis is an adverse effect.
Metoprolol
- Slows heart rate and decreases blood pressure.
- Clients should not stop taking it abruptly.
Lisinopril
- Clients taking ACE inhibitors should not double the dose if they miss a dose.
- Pregnancy is a contraindication for lisinopril use.
Propranolol (Beta Blocker)
- Treats chest pain, anxiety, and high blood pressure.
- Inform clients not to drive until they know how the medication affects them.
Amiodarone (Antiarrhythmic)
- Used for atrial and ventricular dysrhythmias.
- Half-life up to 50 days.
- Clients should be instructed on reliable forms of birth control.
- Monitor potassium levels.
Milrinone
- Increases myocardial contractility and cardiac output.
- Used for advanced/acute heart failure.
- Continuous ECG monitoring is needed.
Digoxin
- Cardiac glycoside.
Verapamil
- Calcium channel blocker used to treat dysrhythmias.
- Clients should avoid grapefruit juice.
Heparin
- aPTT is monitored.
Warfarin
- Contraindicated with ginger and most antibiotics.
- Monitor PT and INR.
- Clients should not increase broccoli intake.
- Take medication at the same time every day.
- INR can be 2–3 times higher than normal (0.9–1.1).
- Vitamin K is used as a reversal agent.
Clopidogrel
- Antiplatelet.
- Assess for bleeding and bruising before administration.
Nitroglycerin
- A common side effect is headache.
- Heart rate and blood pressure should be monitored before administration.
Carvedilol
- Monitor heart rate and blood pressure before administering.
Enalapril, Enoxaparin
- Enalapril is an ACE inhibitor for hypertension and heart failure.
- Enoxaparin is a low molecular weight heparin.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Related Documents
Description
This quiz covers essential pharmacological treatments and considerations for heart failure management, including diuretics, anti-cholesterol drugs, and thrombolytics. It also addresses side effects and medication interactions critical for effective patient care.
