Questions and Answers
Which medication may cause breast soreness and gynecomastia?
In addition to a proton pump inhibitor, which medication class is prescribed to eradicate Helicobacter pylori?
Which class of medication is beneficial for the treatment of Zollinger-Ellison syndrome?
Which medication is appropriate for treating diabetic gastroparesis?
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Which medication class can be used in combination with antimicrobial agents to eradicate a Helicobacter pylori infection?
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Which medication can cause nystagmus when taken with a proton pump inhibitor?
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Which medication is beneficial for the treatment of intermittent heartburn?
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What increased risk factor should be assessed for a patient taking a high dose of omeprazole for more than a year?
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Study Notes
Cimetidine and Soreness
- Cimetidine (Tagamet) is an H2 blocker that may cause breast soreness and gynecomastia.
- Misoprostol (Cytotec) can lead to miscarriage; contraindicated in pregnancy.
- Lansoprazole (Prevacid) may result in hypomagnesemia or higher fracture risk.
- Metoclopramide (Reglan) is linked to extrapyramidal symptoms.
Eradication of Helicobacter pylori
- Antibiotics alongside proton pump inhibitors are necessary to eradicate Helicobacter pylori in gastritis treatment.
- Other classes such as anti-inflammatories or prostaglandin inhibitors are ineffective against this infection.
Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome Treatment
- Proton pump inhibitors are effective for treating Zollinger-Ellison syndrome due to acid overproduction.
- Antacids neutralize gastric acid, whereas coating agents treat ulcer craters.
- Gastrointestinal prostaglandins prevent and treat ulcers related to NSAID use.
Diabetic Gastroparesis Medication
- Metoclopramide is appropriate for managing diabetic gastroparesis by enhancing gastrointestinal peristalsis and gastric emptying.
- Omeprazole and dexlansoprazole treat severe esophagitis and gastric conditions, while famotidine is for GERD and duodenal ulcers.
Combination Therapy for Helicobacter pylori
- Proton pump inhibitors reduce hydrochloric acid secretion and are combined with antibiotics like amoxicillin and clarithromycin for Helicobacter pylori eradication.
- Antacids neutralize acidity; prokinetic agents treat GERD; gastrointestinal prostaglandins help with NSAID-induced ulcers.
Nystagmus Risk with Proton Pump Inhibitors
- Co-administration of phenytoin (Dilantin) with a proton pump inhibitor can cause nystagmus, which involves involuntary eye movements.
- Clopidogrel (Plavix) does not cause nystagmus with proton pump inhibitors, while sucralfate inhibits absorption but does not affect eye movements.
Intermittent Heartburn Treatment
- Esomeprazole, an over-the-counter proton pump inhibitor, effectively treats intermittent heartburn.
- Misoprostol is for gastric ulcers, metoclopramide for gastric reflux symptoms, and sucralfate is specific for duodenal ulcers.
Long-term Omeprazole Use Risks
- Assess for hypomagnesemia and risk of hip, wrist, or spine fractures in patients on high doses of omeprazole (Prilosec) for over a year.
- Long-term use raises concerns for various health complications.
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Description
Test your knowledge with these flashcards focused on medications and their side effects. This quiz will help you understand the implications of various drugs, especially in relation to gynecomastia and breast soreness. Perfect for nursing and healthcare students.
