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What is the general area of study concerned with the formulation, manufacture, stability, and effectiveness of pharmaceutical dosage forms?

  • Pharmacognosy
  • Pharmacodynamics
  • Biopharmaceutics (correct)
  • Pharmacokinetics

    • What type of substances are intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease?

  • Placebos
  • Excipients
  • Drugs (correct)
  • Adjuvants

    • Which factor does biopharmaceutics NOT involve?

  • The design of the drug product
  • The route of administration
  • The marketing strategy for the drug product (correct)
  • Stability of the drug within the drug product

    • What are drug products considered to be in relation to drug delivery systems?

    <p>Drug delivery systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What kind of activity may be involved in the delivery of drugs to the site of action?

    <p>Targeting a localized area for action</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is NOT part of the considerations related to drug product design?

    <p>The color of the drug product</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme is responsible for converting Angiotensin I to Angiotensin II?

    <p>ACE</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of drugs can inhibit the activity of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE)?

    <p>ACEi (e.g., Captopril, Enalapril, Lisinopril)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme is inhibited by NSAIDs?

    <p>COX</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary binding site of allosteric modulators on a receptor?

    <p>Allosteric site</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which transporter is inhibited by Digitalis (Digoxin)?

    <p>Na+-K+ ATPase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug classification can stabilize the inactive receptor site?

    <p>Antagonists</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does pharmacodynamics refer to?

    <p>The relationship between the drug concentration at the site of action and the pharmacologic response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does clinical toxicology study?

    <p>Adverse effects of drugs and toxic substances in the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is toxicokinetic concerned with?

    <p>Application of pharmacokinetic principles to drug safety evaluation studies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is pharmacokinetics concerned with?

    <p>The science of the kinetics of drug absorption, distribution, and elimination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) involved in?

    <p>Signal transduction process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does bioavailability refer to?

    <p>Refers to the measurement of the rate and extent of active drug that reaches the systemic circulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the smallest dose that produces the maximum response known as?

    <p>Ceiling dose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of drug-receptor interaction involves a permanent bond?

    <p>Non-competitive antagonism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the measure of the relative safety of a drug, calculated as TD50/ED50?

    <p>Therapeutic index</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which type of transport process does movement occur along an electrochemical gradient?

    <p>Convective transport</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme system is subject to polymorphism and can affect the metabolism of drugs like thioridazine and antidepressants?

    <p>CYP 2D6</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor affects absorption by influencing the rate and extent of a drug's entry into the systemic circulation?

    <p>Degree of perfusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which property of carriers involves their recognition of only certain molecular configurations?

    <p>Specificity/ Selectivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the phase of drug metabolism involving oxidation, reduction, and hydrolysis?

    <p>Phase I</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme is responsible for the metabolism of substrates like theophylline, caffeine, and clozapine?

    <p>CYP 1A2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary site of excretion for drugs in the body?

    <p>Kidneys</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which category of drugs are commonly associated with genetic polymorphism affecting the expression of drug-metabolizing enzymes?

    <p>Antipsychotics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the measure of similarity in bioavailability of a generic drug product to that of the innovator or reference drug product?

    <p>Relative bioavailability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme is responsible for the acetylation of Isoniazid, Hydralazine, and Procainamide?

    <p>NAT1 and NAT2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme inhibitors affect CYP2C19 activity?

    <p>Fluconazole and amiodarone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What predicts when a steady state level is achieved when drug doses are given at regular intervals?

    <p>Half-life</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the volume of blood that is cleared of the drug per given time?

    <p>$(0.693/t ½) * Vd$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drugs are used to treat or inhibit the growth of cells considered foreign to the body?

    <p>Chemotherapeutic agents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which division of the nervous system is responsible for carrying impulses to the organs that are voluntarily moving such as skeletal muscles?

    <p>Somatic nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Pharmacodynamics (PD) study?

    <p>The biochemical and physiologic effects of drugs in biological systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Anatomic Divisions of the Nervous System' falls under which part of pharmacology?

    <p>'ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF THE ANS'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the functional difference between pre-synapse and post-synapse in synaptic neurotransmission?

    <p>Carry information from pre-synaptic sending neuron to post-synaptic receiving cell vs. Formed between nerve terminals axon terminals on the sending neuron and the cell body or dendrites of the receiving neuron</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms

    • Pharmaceutical dosage forms are concerned with the formulation, manufacture, stability, and effectiveness of pharmaceutical products.

    Pharmaceuticals

    • Pharmaceuticals are substances intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease.

    Biopharmaceutics

    • Biopharmaceutics does not involve the psychological or social effects of drugs.

    Drug Delivery Systems

    • Drug products are considered to be in relation to drug delivery systems.

    Site of Action

    • The delivery of drugs to the site of action may involve enzymatic activity.

    Drug Product Design

    • The consideration of gender is not part of drug product design.

    Enzymes

    • Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) is responsible for converting Angiotensin I to Angiotensin II.
    • ACE inhibitors are a class of drugs that can inhibit the activity of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE).
    • NSAIDs inhibit the activity of the enzyme cyclooxygenase.

    Receptors

    • The primary binding site of allosteric modulators on a receptor is the allosteric site.
    • Digitalis (Digoxin) inhibits the transporter Na+/K+-ATPase.
    • Agonists can stabilize the active receptor site, while inverse agonists can stabilize the inactive receptor site.

    Pharmacodynamics

    • Pharmacodynamics refers to the study of the effects of drugs on the body.

    Clinical Toxicology

    • Clinical toxicology studies the adverse effects of drugs on the body.

    Toxicokinetics

    • Toxicokinetics is concerned with the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of toxins.

    Pharmacokinetics

    • Pharmacokinetics is concerned with the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of drugs.

    G Protein-Coupled Receptors (GPCRs)

    • G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are involved in signal transduction.

    Bioavailability

    • Bioavailability refers to the proportion of the administered dose of a drug that reaches the systemic circulation.

    Dose-Response

    • The smallest dose that produces the maximum response is known as the maximum effect dose.

    Drug-Receptor Interaction

    • Irreversible antagonism involves a permanent bond between the drug and receptor.

    Safety

    • The therapeutic index is the measure of the relative safety of a drug, calculated as TD50/ED50.

    Transport Processes

    • Active transport involves movement along an electrochemical gradient.

    Enzyme Polymorphism

    • The enzyme system CYP2D6 is subject to polymorphism and can affect the metabolism of drugs like thioridazine and antidepressants.

    Absorption

    • The rate and extent of a drug's entry into the systemic circulation are affected by factors like blood flow, pH, and surface area.

    Carriers

    • The property of carriers that involves their recognition of only certain molecular configurations is stereospecificity.

    Metabolism

    • The phase of drug metabolism involving oxidation, reduction, and hydrolysis is phase I metabolism.
    • The enzyme CYP1A2 is responsible for the metabolism of substrates like theophylline, caffeine, and clozapine.

    Excretion

    • The primary site of excretion for drugs in the body is the kidneys.

    Genetic Polymorphism

    • The category of drugs commonly associated with genetic polymorphism affecting the expression of drug-metabolizing enzymes is antidepressants.

    Bioavailability

    • Bioequivalence is the measure of similarity in bioavailability of a generic drug product to that of the innovator or reference drug product.

    Enzyme Inhibitors

    • The enzyme NAT2 is responsible for the acetylation of Isoniazid, Hydralazine, and Procainamide.
    • Omeprazole is an inhibitor of CYP2C19 activity.

    Steady State

    • The time required to achieve steady-state levels is predicted by the half-life of the drug.

    Clearance

    • The volume of blood that is cleared of the drug per given time is known as clearance.

    Immunopharmacology

    • Immunopharmacology involves the use of drugs to treat or inhibit the growth of cells considered foreign to the body.

    Nervous System

    • The somatic nervous system is responsible for carrying impulses to the organs that are voluntarily moving, such as skeletal muscles.

    Pharmacology

    • Pharmacodynamics (PD) studies the effects of drugs on the body.
    • Anatomic Divisions of the Nervous System falls under the category of pharmacology.
    • The functional difference between pre-synapse and post-synapse in synaptic neurotransmission is that pre-synapse is the release of neurotransmitters, while post-synapse is the binding of neurotransmitters to receptors.

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    Biopharmaceutics PDF RJAV 2022

    Description

    Test your knowledge of drug interactions and reversibility of drug-receptor interactions with this quiz. Explore scenarios where one drug's effect is modified by another and assess the type of bond or interaction formed between the drug and receptor.

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