Pharmacology: Drug Absorption & Administration

Which of the following factors is NOT a primary determinant of passive drug diffusion across cell membranes?

What is the primary reason why water-soluble drugs need hydrophilic channels to cross cell membranes?

Which of the following statements accurately describes the difference between active transport and facilitated diffusion?

Why is the passive transport of drugs from the bloodstream to the interstitium of most organs primarily limited by blood flow?

What is the primary reason oral administration of drugs often requires higher doses compared to intravenous administration?

Which of the following statements best describes the blood-brain barrier?

Which route of administration is considered impractical for rapid therapeutic effects in the perioperative setting?

What is the primary mechanism by which hydrophilic drugs enter the CNS?

What characteristic primarily affects the ability of a drug to passively cross cell membranes?

What advantages does sublingual administration offer over oral administration?

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of active transport?

What is a key factor limiting the practical application of transcutaneous administration of drugs?

What is the primary factor determining the rate of absorption of intramuscularly administered drugs?

Which of the following drugs is specifically mentioned in the text as suitable for sublingual administration?

Which of the following administration routes is most likely to result in the fastest onset of action for a lipophilic drug?

What is a major limitation for the use of electric current to enhance drug absorption through the skin?

Which of the following is a reason why subcutaneous injection of certain drugs can be unpredictable?

Which route of administration bypasses the limitations of drug absorption and distribution?

Why is inhalation an extremely desirable route of drug administration?

Which of the following is NOT a limitation of epidural and perineural administration of local anesthetics?

What is a major challenge with the administration of certain drugs, like heparin and insulin, subcutaneously?

What is the primary factor that determines the rate of absorption of an orally administered drug?

What is the likely consequence of a rapid increase in plasma concentration of a drug with a low therapeutic index?

Which of the following routes of administration typically has the fastest absorption rate?

What is the main reason why oral administration is not commonly used in anesthesia practice?

What is the therapeutic index of a drug?

Which of the following is NOT a factor that can influence the rate of absorption of a drug?

What is the significance of maintaining a plasma concentration above the minimum effective plasma concentration?

Which of the following statements about bioavailability is TRUE?

What does the provided text state about lipophilic drugs and their movement across capillary walls?

What is the primary factor limiting the rate of active transport or facilitated diffusion of drugs?

What is a notable characteristic of the P-glycoprotein (P-gp) transporter system?

Which type of transporter is responsible for the transport of endogenous opioids into the brain?

What does the text suggest about intravenous (IV) administration of drugs?

Why does loperamide, a lipophilic µ-opioid agonist used for diarrhea, have limited bioavailability?

What is a common characteristic of both facilitated diffusion and active transport of drugs?

Why are there limited research findings on the impact of transporter proteins on individual drug responses?