Pharmacology: Absorption Routes of Administration

<p>Intravitreal injection (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Baclofen (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Slows absorption (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Surface area of the implant (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Muscular oedema management (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>For nervous system infections resistant to antibiotics (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Intravenous (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The drug's ionization and lipid solubility (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Active transport (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Buprenorphine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Strongly acidic or basic drugs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Drug's molecular weight (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>75% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rectal (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Area Under Curve (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Blood pressure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>For rapid response (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is useful for patients unable to take medication orally. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reduces the amount of drug reaching systemic circulation. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It influences peak plasma concentration. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is easier to administer and can reduce time to drug action. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They undergo extensive first-pass metabolism. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To reduce systemic adverse effects (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Intravenous bolus injection (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gastric stasis due to disorders (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To achieve desired absorption characteristics and reduce dosing frequency (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is lower and more stable with infusion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Variations in particle size can lead to different plasma concentration outcomes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Diffusion through tissue (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It enhances absorption (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hydration from increased fluid intake (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Vancomycin (A), Olsalazine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The fraction of an orally administered dose reaching systemic circulation as unchanged drug (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Impairs absorption of many oral medications (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They can reduce GI motility, complicating drug absorption. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Different ways to deliver a drug to the body, such as oral or injection.

Taking drugs by mouth; absorption begins in the small intestine.

Drugs absorbed directly via oral mucosa under the tongue or inside the cheeks.

Delivery of drugs directly into the bloodstream via a vein.

The degree to which a drug is ionized affects its absorption in the GI tract.

Absorption process where specific carriers help transport drugs like Levodopa.

The percentage of orally administered drugs absorbed within a specific time, usually 75% in 1-3 hours.

Elements like gut content (fed vs. fasted) that can affect how well a drug is absorbed.

A measure of total drug exposure in the body after administration.

The fraction of an administered dose of drug that reaches systemic circulation.

Includes enzyme activity, gastric pH, and intestinal motility.

The highest concentration of drug in the plasma after administration.

Delivery of drugs under the tongue for rapid systemic absorption.

Delivery of drugs between the gum and cheek for systemic effects.

The movement of the digestive tract that affects absorption of drugs.

Drug delivery via the rectum, bypassing some metabolism.

Local effects target a specific site, while systemic effects affect the whole body.

Blood flow to the organs in the digestive system, influencing drug absorption.

T max is the time to reach peak concentration; C max is the peak concentration of a drug in the bloodstream.

A condition where gastric motility is slowed, impacting drug absorption.

Drug formulations designed to release medication slowly over time.

Elements influencing how well a drug is taken up in the body, like motility and formulation.

The process where the concentration of a drug is significantly reduced before it reaches systemic circulation.

A corticosteroid used to reduce inflammation in the lungs.

Medications that relax muscles of the airways, increasing airflow.

An enzyme that increases absorption of drugs by breaking down tissue barriers.

Elements that impact how quickly and efficiently medication enters the bloodstream.

The process where drug formulations are designed to extend their duration of action in the body.

Adrenaline is added to local anaesthetics to reduce absorption and prolong their numbing effect.

Insulin formulations like glargine and detemir designed for once daily dosing to maintain basal insulin levels.

A method of delivering drugs into the sub-arachnoid space using a lumbar puncture for specific conditions.

A drug delivery method where solid pellets are placed under the skin for slow continuous absorption.

An antisense oligonucleotide for spinal muscular atrophy, administered intrathecally.

A monoclonal antibody fragment targeting VEGF, used for eye conditions.

A fusion protein that binds to VEGF, treating wet AMD and other ocular issues.

Method of delivering medications directly into the eye's vitreous humor.

Devices releasing corticosteroids slowly for conditions like macular edema.