Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following terms describes the phenomenon where a drug's effect diminishes with repeated administration?
Which of the following terms describes the phenomenon where a drug's effect diminishes with repeated administration?
- Tolerance (correct)
- Synergism
- Tachyphylaxis
- Idiosyncrasy
What is the neurotransmitter primarily associated with the parasympathetic nervous system?
What is the neurotransmitter primarily associated with the parasympathetic nervous system?
- Acetylcholine (correct)
- Serotonin
- Dopamine
- Norepinephrine
Which route of administration is characterized by the slowest absorption rate?
Which route of administration is characterized by the slowest absorption rate?
- Subcutaneous
- Intramuscular
- Intravenous
- Oral (correct)
In the context of pharmacokinetics, what phase describes the process of drug breakdown into metabolites?
In the context of pharmacokinetics, what phase describes the process of drug breakdown into metabolites?
What type of drug interaction occurs when two drugs, when combined, produce an effect that is greater than the sum of their individual effects?
What type of drug interaction occurs when two drugs, when combined, produce an effect that is greater than the sum of their individual effects?
Flashcards
Orphan drug
Orphan drug
A medication developed for rare diseases affecting fewer than 200,000 people.
Pharmacodynamics
Pharmacodynamics
The study of how a drug affects the body and its biological effects.
Ceiling effect
Ceiling effect
The maximum effect of a drug beyond which increasing the dose does not increase the effect.
Agonist
Agonist
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Antagonist
Antagonist
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Study Notes
Definitions
- Orphan drug: A drug with limited market potential
- Pharmacodynamics: The study of how a drug affects the body
- Ceiling effect: The maximum effect a drug can produce
- Idiosyncrasy: An unusual or abnormal reaction to a drug
- Synergism: The combined effect of two drugs is greater than the sum of their individual effects
- Additive effect: The combined effect of two drugs is equal to the sum of their individual effects
- Tolerance: Decreased responsiveness to a drug over time
- Tachyphylaxis: Rapid decrease in response to a drug
- Anaphylaxis: Severe allergic reaction
- Adrenergic: Relating to the effects of adrenaline
- Antiadrenergic: Opposing the effects of adrenaline
- Cholinergic: Relating to the effects of acetylcholine
- Anticholinergic: Opposing the effects of acetylcholine
- Sympathomimetic: Mimicking the effects of the sympathetic nervous system
- Sympatholytic: Inhibiting the effects of the sympathetic nervous system
- Parasympathomimetic: Mimicking the effects of the parasympathetic nervous system
- Parasympatholytic: Inhibiting the effects of the parasympathetic nervous system
- Agonist: A drug that activates a receptor
- Antagonist: A drug that blocks a receptor
Pharmacokinetics
- Pharmacokinetics: The study of how a drug moves through the body (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion)
- Origin of Drugs: Where drugs originate
- Sources of drug information: Various sources for information about drugs
- Advantages of aerosolized agents: specific drug delivery methods
- How to breathe when administering a treatment: breathing techniques for administration
- Therapeutic index: Measures the safety of a drug
- Mechanisms of antagonism: Ways one drug opposes another's action
- Routes of administration: Ways a drug is given to the body
- Lipid solubility & ionization: How a drug dissolves in fats & whether it forms ions
- Autonomic Nervous System: A part of the nervous system controlling bodily functions
- Parasympathetic Nervous System: The part of the autonomic nervous system that calms the body down
- Neurotransmitters: chemical messengers
- Sympathetic Nervous System: A part of the autonomic nervous system that activates the body in stress situations
- Receptors: Where a drug binds on body tissue
- Describe Beta 2 (B2) activation: activation beginning with the G protein
- Prototype anticholinergic: A standard drug used to exemplify anticholinergic effects
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