Questions and Answers
What is the most accurate definition of pharmacology?
The study of drugs and their actions on the body.
What does a medication with antagonistic properties do?
Blocks receptor sites and prevents other chemicals from attaching.
When is a drug considered contraindicated for a patient?
When it may cause harm or have no positive effect.
What are the findings experienced after taking diphenhydramine (Benadryl) for an allergic reaction?
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What is an example of a brand (trade) name of a drug?
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Advil, Nuprin, and Motrin are brand names for which generic medication?
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What is an example of a drug's generic name?
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Which medication can be obtained over the counter (OTC) from Isordil, Lasix, Motrin, and Digoxin?
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Which statement regarding parenteral medications is correct?
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What is the most rapidly acting medication administration route?
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Which medication route has the slowest rate of absorption?
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Which medication route is most appropriate for an unconscious patient when intravenous access cannot be obtained?
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Where do subcutaneous injections deliver the medication?
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What should you expect the paramedic to do during a resuscitation of a cardiac arrest patient?
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How is nitroglycerin usually given by the EMT?
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Which medication route delivers a drug through the skin over an extended period of time?
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What is a mucosal atomizer device (MAD) used for?
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The __________ of a medication usually dictates the route by which it will be administered.
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What are medications encased in a gelatin shell taken by mouth called?
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Activated charcoal is an example of a(n):
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What is correct about the metered-dose inhaler (MDI)?
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In what form does oral glucose come?
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After administering 100% oxygen to an allergic reaction patient, what should you do?
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After assisting a patient with their prescribed MDI during an asthma attack, what should you do?
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Under what condition may an EMT administer aspirin to a patient?
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What should you do if you cannot contact medical control while treating a patient with a severe allergic reaction?
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Study Notes
Pharmacology Basics
- Pharmacology: The study of drugs and their actions on the body.
- Antagonistic properties: Medications that block receptor sites, preventing other chemicals from attaching.
Drug Contraindications and Effects
- A drug is contraindicated when it may cause harm or has no beneficial effect.
- Side effects: Unintended effects like drowsiness and dry mouth after taking diphenhydramine (Benadryl).
Drug Naming
- Brand name example: Tylenol is a common brand name.
- Generic name example: Aspirin represents the non-branded version of the drug.
- Brands for ibuprofen: Advil, Nuprin, and Motrin are different brand names for the same medication.
Over-the-Counter Medications
- OTC medication example: Motrin can be obtained without a prescription.
Medication Administration Routes
- Parenteral medications: Absorbed faster than enteral medications.
- Rapid medication route: Intravenous (IV) administration provides the quickest action.
- Slow absorption route: Oral medications have the slowest absorption rate.
- Intraosseous (IO): Preferred for unconscious patients when IV access is difficult.
- Subcutaneous injections: Deliver medication between skin and muscle.
Emergency Situations
- During cardiac arrest, expect paramedics to administer drugs via IV for rapid effect.
- Nitroglycerin administration: Typically given sublingually (under the tongue).
Drug Delivery Methods
- Extended drug delivery: Medications like nitroglycerin patches deliver drugs through the skin over time.
- Intranasal route: A mucosal atomizer device (MAD) is used for certain medications.
Medication Forms and Suspensions
- Medication form: The form dictates the administration route (e.g., capsules).
- Suspensions: Activated charcoal is an example.
Metered-Dose Inhalers (MDI)
- An MDI ensures a consistent dosage of medication with every use.
Emergency Action Steps
- For an allergic reaction, after administering oxygen, always contact medical control.
- Reassess patients after assistance with prescribed medications, like an MDI.
- EMTs may administer aspirin with prior medical control authorization.
Allergy Response Protocol
- If faced with a severe allergic reaction and unable to contact medical control, administer epinephrine, transport the patient, and attempt to reach medical control during transport.
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Description
Test your knowledge with these flashcards based on Chapter 7 of pharmacology. Each card defines key terms and concepts related to drugs and their actions. Perfect for students looking to solidify their understanding of pharmacology topics.
