Pharmacology: Antibiotics and Antifungals Quiz
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Pharmacology: Antibiotics and Antifungals Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following anticancer drugs does not act as a kinase inhibitor?

  • Axitinib
  • Trastuzumab (correct)
  • Ceritinib
  • Imatinib

    • What is considered the most effective drug combination for eradicating H. pylori infestation when there are no antibiotic contraindications?

  • Esomeprazole + Clarithromycin + Metronidazole
  • Esomeprazole + Cimetidine + Clarithromycin
  • Clarithromycin + Esomeprazole
  • Esomeprazole + Clarithromycin + Amoxicillin (correct)

    • Which of the following NSAIDs is recognized as the most selective COX-2 inhibitor?

  • Diclofenac
  • Celecoxib (correct)
  • Ibuprofen
  • Indomethacin

    • The HAART regimen is primarily used to treat which infection?

    <p>Human immunodeficiency virus infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum recommended daily dose of paracetamol for adults?

    <p>4000 mg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under which INR values is the Tranexamic acid mouthwash protocol recommended?

    <p>All indicated INR values</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Barbiturates and benzodiazepines increase the opening of the GABAA - Cl- channel by which mechanisms?

    <p>Increasing the duration and frequency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does Cefalexin act as an antibacterial drug?

    <p>Inhibiting peptidoglycan cross-linking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antiarrhythmic drug exhibits mechanisms most similar to that of sotalol?

    <p>Amiodarone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which anxiolytic medication is considered safe for patients with a history of drug dependence?

    <p>Buspirone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug is NOT a DNA polymerase inhibitor?

    <p>Abacavir</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which penicillin is resistant to penicillinase?

    <p>Flucloxacillin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following approaches does NOT help reduce the development of antibiotic resistance?

    <p>Employing broad-spectrum antibiotics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a third-generation cephalosporin?

    <p>Cefuroxime</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug is typically administered with folinic acid after high doses of methotrexate?

    <p>Doxorubicin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is a triazole antifungal medication?

    <p>Itraconazole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Ibuprofen is classified as which type of NSAID?

    <p>Propionic acid derivative</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antibiotic is contraindicated for use with neuromuscular junction blockers?

    <p>Gentamicin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which dosage schedule is recommended for oral sedation in dentistry?

    <p>Diazepam 5 mg - 10 mg orally; 1 hour before the procedure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Carbidopa is used with levodopa primarily because it:

    <p>Potentiates the central effects of levodopa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is classified as a Lincosamide?

    <p>Clindamycin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antibacterial drug binds to the 50S ribosomal subunit but is not classified as a macrolide?

    <p>Clindamycin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which chemotherapeutic agent is most likely to cause hemorrhagic cystitis due to hematoma formation in the urinary bladder?

    <p>Cyclophosphamide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following analgesics is considered a very weak anesthetic with a B coefficient of 0.5?

    <p>Nitrous oxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which property combination is characteristic of most NSAIDs?

    <p>Antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, analgesic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cancer chemotherapeutic agents are classified as antimetabolites?

    <p>Mercaptopurine, Fluorouracil, and Cytarabine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which combination of drugs would be effective in treating erythematous candidiasis?

    <p>Nystatin and Miconazole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antibacterial drug is known for inhibiting cell wall synthesis?

    <p>Vancomycin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which option includes all agents known to act as antimetabolites in chemotherapy?

    <p>Mercaptopurine, Fluorouracil, and Cytarabine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug, when taken in toxic doses, is most likely to cause respiratory alkalosis and systemic acidosis?

    <p>Aspirin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cytoprotective drug can be effectively combined with high-dose NSAIDs to minimize the risk of peptic ulcer disease?

    <p>Misoprostol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which topical corticosteroid is LEAST appropriate for treating severe lichen planus?

    <p>Hydrocortisone 1%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is LEAST LIKELY to require antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent infective endocarditis?

    <p>Prosthetic joint implant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary concern when sildenafil is administered with organic nitrates?

    <p>Marked potentiation of vasodilatory action</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following concerns should be prioritized in a patient undergoing extraction of a 3rd molar who is on cyclosporine A?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What potential effect does long-term use of NSAIDs have on a patient with a history of PUD?

    <p>Heightened risk of gastric ulcers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of managing arthritic pain and a history of PUD, which NSAID carries the highest risk?

    <p>Aspirin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Antibiotics

    • Erythromycin is a macrolide antibiotic
    • Cefuroxime is not a 3rd generation cephalosporin
    • Ceftazidime, Ceftriaxone, Ceftaroline, and Cefotaxime are all 3rd generation cephalosporins
    • Clindamycin is a Lincosamide antibiotic
    • Gentamicin should not be used with NMJ blockers like tubocurarine
    • Doxycycline binds to the 30S ribosomal subunit and inhibits protein synthesis
    • Amoxicillin, Doxycycline and Ciprofloxacin can be used with NMJ blockers
    • Flucloxacillin is a penicillinase-resistant penicillin
    • Benzylpenicillin, Piperacillin, Amoxicillin, and Phenoxymethylpenicillin are all penicillins susceptible to penicillinase
    • Broad-spectrum drugs can reduce the development of resistance

    Antifungal Drugs

    • Ketoconazole is a triazole antifungal drug
    • Itraconazole is a triazole antifungal drug
    • Amphotericin B, Clotrimazole and Miconazole are not triazole antifungals

    Other Drugs

    • Folinic acid is frequently administered shortly after a high dose of methotrexate
    • Ibuprofen is a propionic acid derivative
    • Carbidopa potentiates the central effects of levodopa
    • Mercaptoethansulfonate is usually given with cyclophosphamide to ameliorate hemorrhagic cystitis
    • Sildenafil is contraindicated in patients taking organic nitrates
    • Cyclosporine A and Warfarin are drugs of concern when considering a dental procedure
    • Clindamycin binds to the 50S ribosomal subunit and inhibits protein synthesis
    • Cyclophosphamide causes hematoma in the urinary bladder leading to hemorrhagic cystitis
    • Nitrous oxide is a potent analgesic but a very weak anaesthetic
    • Most NSAIDs are antipyretic, anti-inflammatory and analgesic
    • Mercaptopurine, Fluorouracil, and Cytarabine are antimetabolites
    • Nystatin and Miconazole are suitable treatments for erythematous candidiasis
    • Vancomycin acts by inhibiting cell wall synthesis
    • Trastuzumab is not a kinase inhibitor
    • Ceritinib, Imatinib, and Axitinib are all kinase inhibitors
    • Esomeprazole + Clarithromycin + Amoxicillin is the most effective combination for H. pylori eradication
    • Celecoxib is the most selective COX-2 inhibitor
    • The HAART regimen is used to treat Human Immunodeficiency Virus infection
    • The maximum recommended dose of paracetamol in a day is 4000mg
    • Misoprostol is a cytoprotective drug that can be used with NSAIDs to reduce the risk of peptic ulcer disease
    • Hydrocortisone is the least potent topical corticosteroid therefore inappropriate for severe lichen planus
    • Prosthetic heart valve, valvular heart disease, previous infective endocarditis, and cyanotic congenital heart defects are all indications for antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent infective endocarditis
    • Aspirin causes respiratory alkalosis and systemic acidosis in toxic doses
    • Beta-lactam antibiotics inhibit cell wall synthesis by inhibiting peptidoglycan cross-linking
    • Sotalol is most similar in action to Amiodarone in the treatment of cardiac arrhythmias
    • Buspirone is a safe anxiolytic for patients with a history of drug dependence
    • Abacavir is not a DNA Polymerase inhibitor
    • Aciclovir, Valaciclovir, Valganciclovir, and Ganciclovir are all DNA polymerase inhibitors
    • Cefalexin inhibits cell wall synthesis by inhibiting peptidoglycan cross-linking
    • Barbiturates increase the frequency of opening and benzodiazepines increase the duration of opening of the GABAA-Cl- channel
    • Tranexamic acid mouthwash protocol should be recommended when INR value is 2.5, 2.8 or 3.5

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on antibiotics and antifungal drugs with this quiz. Covering the classifications of various medications, including macrolides, penicillins, and triazoles, you'll be challenged on both specific drug actions and general principles. Perfect for students in pharmacology or those looking to refresh their knowledge!

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