Anti-inflammatory Drugs Lecture 2
37 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the cardiovascular protective effect associated with agents like aspirin?

  • Decreased PGI2 production
  • Inhibition of leukotriene synthesis
  • Reduction in TXA2 production (correct)
  • Increased risk for cardiovascular events

Why are NSAIDs other than aspirin discouraged in patients with established cardiovascular disease?

  • They have a cardiovascular protective effect
  • They increase the production of PGI2
  • They inhibit COX-1 selectivity
  • They are associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular events (correct)

Which NSAID is suggested as the least likely to be harmful for patients with cardiovascular disease?

  • Diclofenac
  • Naproxen (correct)
  • Ibuprofen
  • Acetaminophen

What is the mechanism of action of NSAIDs in terms of inhibiting cyclooxygenases?

<p>Inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are agents with higher relative COX-2 selectivity associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular events?

<p>Due to increased TXA2 production (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the reason behind the discouraged use of NSAIDs, other than aspirin, in patients with established cardiovascular disease?

<p>Increased risk for MI and stroke (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which adverse effect is commonly associated with anti-inflammatory drugs?

<p>Diarrhea (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a benefit associated with the use of celecoxib in comparison to other NSAIDs?

<p>Reduced incidence of GI bleeding (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Patients at high risk of ulcers and requiring aspirin for cardiovascular prevention should avoid which drug?

<p>Celecoxib (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect does acetaminophen have on platelet function?

<p>It has no effect on platelet function (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which drug is not considered an NSAID despite having antipyretic and analgesic effects?

<p>Acetaminophen (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Inhibitors of which enzyme may increase serum levels of celecoxib?

<p>CYP2C9 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical timeframe for the onset of effects after starting methotrexate treatment?

<p>3 to 6 weeks (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does taking leucovorin daily after methotrexate help reduce adverse effects?

<p>It lessens severity of adverse effects (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common adverse effect of methotrexate treatment?

<p>Hepatic cirrhosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a known adverse effect of hydroxychloroquine related to ocular health?

<p>Irreversible retinal damage (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In addition to ocular toxicity, what other adverse effect is associated with hydroxychloroquine use?

<p>Gastrointestinal upset (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is methotrexate contraindicated in pregnancy?

<p>Potential for fetal harm (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason acetaminophen is recommended over aspirin for children with viral infections or chickenpox?

<p>Less risk of developing Reye syndrome (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organ primarily conjugates acetaminophen into inactive glucuronidated or sulfated metabolites?

<p>Liver (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the highly reactive metabolite formed when a portion of acetaminophen is hydroxylated in the liver?

<p>NAPQI (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At normal therapeutic doses, how does NAPQI react with glutathione, leading to a nontoxic substance formation?

<p>By binding to sulfhydryl groups (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In patients with hepatic disease, viral hepatitis, or a history of alcoholism, what are they at higher risk of when taking acetaminophen?

<p>Hepatotoxicity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when large doses of acetaminophen are consumed, depleting available glutathione in the liver?

<p>NAPQI reacts with hepatic proteins' sulfhydryl groups, causing hepatotoxicity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of leflunomide in treating RA?

<p>Inhibition of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common adverse effect associated with leflunomide use?

<p>Diarrhea (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is leflunomide contraindicated in pregnancy?

<p>It can lead to fetal harm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key difference between the use of leflunomide and methotrexate in RA treatment?

<p>Methotrexate is hepatotoxic while leflunomide is not (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the common GI adverse effects associated with sulfasalazine use?

<p>Nausea, vomiting, anorexia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is monitoring liver enzymes important during leflunomide therapy?

<p>Due to the potential hepatotoxicity of the drug (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme does leflunomide act on to cause cell arrest of autoimmune lymphocytes?

<p>Dihydroorotate reductase (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary enzyme inhibited by leflunomide after biotransformation?

<p>Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason why leflunomide is not recommended for patients with liver disease?

<p>Potential for hepatotoxicity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What potential adverse effect is associated with leflunomide use in pregnant patients?

<p>Neural tube defects in the fetus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which parameter should be monitored in patients on leflunomide therapy to detect potential adverse effects?

<p>Complete blood count (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the average onset of activity for sulfasalazine in treating rheumatoid arthritis?

<p>4 to 6 months (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one common gastrointestinal adverse effect associated with sulfasalazine use?

<p>Nausea (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

More Like This

Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Browser