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Questions and Answers
What is the cardiovascular protective effect associated with agents like aspirin?
What is the cardiovascular protective effect associated with agents like aspirin?
- Decreased PGI2 production
- Inhibition of leukotriene synthesis
- Reduction in TXA2 production (correct)
- Increased risk for cardiovascular events
Why are NSAIDs other than aspirin discouraged in patients with established cardiovascular disease?
Why are NSAIDs other than aspirin discouraged in patients with established cardiovascular disease?
- They have a cardiovascular protective effect
- They increase the production of PGI2
- They inhibit COX-1 selectivity
- They are associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular events (correct)
Which NSAID is suggested as the least likely to be harmful for patients with cardiovascular disease?
Which NSAID is suggested as the least likely to be harmful for patients with cardiovascular disease?
- Diclofenac
- Naproxen (correct)
- Ibuprofen
- Acetaminophen
What is the mechanism of action of NSAIDs in terms of inhibiting cyclooxygenases?
What is the mechanism of action of NSAIDs in terms of inhibiting cyclooxygenases?
Why are agents with higher relative COX-2 selectivity associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular events?
Why are agents with higher relative COX-2 selectivity associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular events?
What is the reason behind the discouraged use of NSAIDs, other than aspirin, in patients with established cardiovascular disease?
What is the reason behind the discouraged use of NSAIDs, other than aspirin, in patients with established cardiovascular disease?
Which adverse effect is commonly associated with anti-inflammatory drugs?
Which adverse effect is commonly associated with anti-inflammatory drugs?
What is a benefit associated with the use of celecoxib in comparison to other NSAIDs?
What is a benefit associated with the use of celecoxib in comparison to other NSAIDs?
Patients at high risk of ulcers and requiring aspirin for cardiovascular prevention should avoid which drug?
Patients at high risk of ulcers and requiring aspirin for cardiovascular prevention should avoid which drug?
What effect does acetaminophen have on platelet function?
What effect does acetaminophen have on platelet function?
Which drug is not considered an NSAID despite having antipyretic and analgesic effects?
Which drug is not considered an NSAID despite having antipyretic and analgesic effects?
Inhibitors of which enzyme may increase serum levels of celecoxib?
Inhibitors of which enzyme may increase serum levels of celecoxib?
What is the typical timeframe for the onset of effects after starting methotrexate treatment?
What is the typical timeframe for the onset of effects after starting methotrexate treatment?
How does taking leucovorin daily after methotrexate help reduce adverse effects?
How does taking leucovorin daily after methotrexate help reduce adverse effects?
Which of the following is a common adverse effect of methotrexate treatment?
Which of the following is a common adverse effect of methotrexate treatment?
What is a known adverse effect of hydroxychloroquine related to ocular health?
What is a known adverse effect of hydroxychloroquine related to ocular health?
In addition to ocular toxicity, what other adverse effect is associated with hydroxychloroquine use?
In addition to ocular toxicity, what other adverse effect is associated with hydroxychloroquine use?
Why is methotrexate contraindicated in pregnancy?
Why is methotrexate contraindicated in pregnancy?
What is the primary reason acetaminophen is recommended over aspirin for children with viral infections or chickenpox?
What is the primary reason acetaminophen is recommended over aspirin for children with viral infections or chickenpox?
Which organ primarily conjugates acetaminophen into inactive glucuronidated or sulfated metabolites?
Which organ primarily conjugates acetaminophen into inactive glucuronidated or sulfated metabolites?
What is the highly reactive metabolite formed when a portion of acetaminophen is hydroxylated in the liver?
What is the highly reactive metabolite formed when a portion of acetaminophen is hydroxylated in the liver?
At normal therapeutic doses, how does NAPQI react with glutathione, leading to a nontoxic substance formation?
At normal therapeutic doses, how does NAPQI react with glutathione, leading to a nontoxic substance formation?
In patients with hepatic disease, viral hepatitis, or a history of alcoholism, what are they at higher risk of when taking acetaminophen?
In patients with hepatic disease, viral hepatitis, or a history of alcoholism, what are they at higher risk of when taking acetaminophen?
What happens when large doses of acetaminophen are consumed, depleting available glutathione in the liver?
What happens when large doses of acetaminophen are consumed, depleting available glutathione in the liver?
What is the mechanism of action of leflunomide in treating RA?
What is the mechanism of action of leflunomide in treating RA?
What is a common adverse effect associated with leflunomide use?
What is a common adverse effect associated with leflunomide use?
Why is leflunomide contraindicated in pregnancy?
Why is leflunomide contraindicated in pregnancy?
What is a key difference between the use of leflunomide and methotrexate in RA treatment?
What is a key difference between the use of leflunomide and methotrexate in RA treatment?
What are the common GI adverse effects associated with sulfasalazine use?
What are the common GI adverse effects associated with sulfasalazine use?
Why is monitoring liver enzymes important during leflunomide therapy?
Why is monitoring liver enzymes important during leflunomide therapy?
Which enzyme does leflunomide act on to cause cell arrest of autoimmune lymphocytes?
Which enzyme does leflunomide act on to cause cell arrest of autoimmune lymphocytes?
What is the primary enzyme inhibited by leflunomide after biotransformation?
What is the primary enzyme inhibited by leflunomide after biotransformation?
What is the main reason why leflunomide is not recommended for patients with liver disease?
What is the main reason why leflunomide is not recommended for patients with liver disease?
What potential adverse effect is associated with leflunomide use in pregnant patients?
What potential adverse effect is associated with leflunomide use in pregnant patients?
Which parameter should be monitored in patients on leflunomide therapy to detect potential adverse effects?
Which parameter should be monitored in patients on leflunomide therapy to detect potential adverse effects?
What is the average onset of activity for sulfasalazine in treating rheumatoid arthritis?
What is the average onset of activity for sulfasalazine in treating rheumatoid arthritis?
What is one common gastrointestinal adverse effect associated with sulfasalazine use?
What is one common gastrointestinal adverse effect associated with sulfasalazine use?
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