30 Questions
How do anthracyclines induce cytotoxicity?
By inducing DNA strand scission
Why must anthracycline antibiotics be administered intravenously?
Because they are inactivated in the GI tract
Which major route of elimination is followed by anthracycline antibiotics?
Biliary excretion
What issue can extravasation of anthracycline antibiotics lead to?
Tissue necrosis
Which organs do anthracycline antibiotics not penetrate?
Blood-brain barrier and testes
Which anthracycline antibiotic is associated with more serious dose-dependent cardiotoxicity?
Daunorubicin
Which type of cancer is bleomycin primarily used in the treatment of?
Testicular cancers
What is the most serious adverse effect associated with bleomycin?
Pulmonary toxicity
What is the mechanism of action of bleomycin on DNA?
Inducing oxidative process leading to strand breakage
How does dexrazoxane protect against the cardiotoxicity of doxorubicin?
By acting as an iron chelator
Where is the bleomycin-inactivating enzyme high, leading to potential toxicity?
Liver
What happens when a DNA–bleomycin–Fe2+ complex undergoes oxidation?
Formation of bleomycin–Fe3+
What is the primary mechanism of action of antitumor antibiotics like anthracyclines?
Inhibition of topoisomerases
Which of the following is NOT classified as an anthracycline antibiotic?
Epinephrine
In contrast to other antitumor antibiotics, which anthracycline antibiotic is cell cycle specific?
Daunorubicin
Which type of cancer is Doxorubicin commonly used to treat?
Breast cancer
Apart from intercalation with DNA, which other mechanism contributes to the cytotoxic effect of antitumor antibiotics?
Inhibition of microtubule assembly
Which anthracycline antibiotic is the hydroxylated analog of Daunorubicin?
Doxorubicin
What is the mechanism of action of Vinca alkaloids in anti-cancer pharmacology?
Freezing the spindle apparatus in metaphase
Which adverse effects are more common with VBL compared to VX in anti-cancer pharmacology?
Peripheral neuropathy and constipation
How are Vinca alkaloids metabolized and eliminated in the body?
Metabolized in the liver via CYP450 pathway and eliminated in bile and feces
What can result from IV injection of anti-cancer agents according to the text?
Hyperuricemia
Why is it crucial not to administer Vinca alkaloids intrathecally?
Risk of central nervous system toxicity
What distinguishes docetaxel from paclitaxel in anti-cancer pharmacology?
Presence of a side chain substitution
What is the mechanism of action of paclitaxel and docetaxel in treating cancer?
Promote polymerization and stabilization of microtubules
Which phase of the cell cycle are paclitaxel and docetaxel active in?
G2/M
How are paclitaxel and docetaxel metabolized in the body?
Metabolized by the CYP450 system
What is the common adverse effect associated with paclitaxel and docetaxel?
Peripheral neuropathy
How should patients be premedicated before receiving paclitaxel to prevent hypersensitivity reactions?
Corticosteroids and antihistamines
What are the dose-limiting toxicities of paclitaxel and docetaxel?
Neutropenia and leukopenia
Test your knowledge on anti-cancer pharmacology with a focus on topics like Anthracyclines, Bleomycin, Alkylating Agents, and Microtubule Inhibitors. Explore the mechanisms of action and uses of various anti-cancer drugs.
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