Questions and Answers
What is the typical suffix for Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs)?
What are ARBs primarily used for?
Controlling high blood pressure, treating heart failure, and preventing kidney failure.
ARBs should be avoided in pregnancy.
True
Which of the following is NOT a common drug for ARBs?
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What is the typical suffix for ACE inhibitors?
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What is one of the contraindications for ACE inhibitors?
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Which drug class should be avoided if a patient is on ACE inhibitors?
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What is a common use for vasodilators?
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Vasodilators can be used for hypertensive emergencies.
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Which of the following is a common drug for vasodilators?
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What is the typical suffix for beta blockers?
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What is the main function of beta blockers?
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Beta blockers are safe for patients with asthma.
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Study Notes
Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs)
- Common suffix: sartan
- Primarily used for hypertension, heart failure, and diabetic kidney protection
- Commonly prescribed when ACE inhibitors cause intolerable side effects like cough
- Major drugs include Losartan, Valsartan, Irbesartan, Candesartan, and Olmesartan
- Contraindicated in pregnancy, especially during the 2nd and 3rd trimesters; can cause fetal injury
- Side effects may include hyperkalemia, low blood pressure, dizziness, fatigue, and angioedema
- Reports indicate potential for rhabdomyolysis; avoid in patients with renal artery stenosis
- Drug interactions may lead to increased potassium levels and lithium toxicity; caution with aliskiren and ACE inhibitors due to heightened risk of adverse effects
ACE Inhibitors
- Common suffix: pril
- Used for heart failure, hypertension, myocardial infarction, and kidney issues
- Important drugs include Enalapril, Lisinopril, Quinapril, Benazepril, and Captopril
- Captopril should be taken at least 1 hour before meals; other ACE inhibitors are not food-sensitive
- Monitor for cough, rash, taste alteration, and signs of infection; discontinue if these occur
- Risk of hyperkalemia when combined with potassium supplements or diuretics
- For patients intolerant to ACE inhibitors, ARBs are a suitable alternative
Vasodilators
- Function to improve tissue oxygenation through vascular dilation
- Primarily used in hypertensive emergencies
- Common medications include Nitroprusside, Nitroglycerin, and Hydralazine
- Care should be taken when using with other antihypertensives to avoid severe hypotension
Beta Blockers
- Common suffix: olol
- Lower blood pressure by slowing heart rate and reducing force of contraction
- Block the effects of epinephrine (adrenaline) and facilitate improved blood flow
- Major drugs include Metoprolol, Propranolol, and Bisoprolol
- Contraindicated in patients with COPD or asthma due to potential respiratory complications
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Description
This quiz focuses on Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs), a crucial class of antihypertensive drugs. It covers their uses, typical suffix, and important precautions like avoiding them during pregnancy. Expand your pharmacological knowledge about ARBs and their effects.
